Search (101 results, page 2 of 6)

  • × theme_ss:"Semantisches Umfeld in Indexierung u. Retrieval"
  • × year_i:[2000 TO 2010}
  1. red: Alles Wissen gleich einer großen Stadt (2002) 0.01 
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    Content
    "Das rasant wachsende Wissen muss gut verwaltet werden, um es zu nutzen. Dies erfordert intelligente Wissensmanagementsysteme, wie sie Andreas Rauber von der Technischen Uni Wien über digitale Bibliotheken konzipiert hat. Seine "Wissenslandkarte" erlaubt es, große Datenmengen übersichtlich darzustellen, Wissen rasch auffindbar und damit optimal einsetzbar zu machen. Dafür erhielt er nun den Cor Baayen Award 2002 für aussichtsreiche Nachwuchsforscher im Bereich der Informationstechnologie vom European Research Consortium for Informatics and Mathematics. Rauber entwickelte eine Bibliothek, die auf einer sich selbst organisierenden Landkarte basiert: Einer geographischen Landkarte gleich, ist themenverwandtes Wissen in Form eines Clusters abgebildet, quasi als städtischer Ballungsraum. Damit verbundene Inhalte sind räumlich gesehen in kurzer Distanz dazu abgebildet, vergleichbar den Randgebieten des Ballungsraumes. So ist auf einen Blick ersichtlich, wo bestimmte Themenkomplexe und damit verbundene Inhalte in der Bibliothek abgelegt sind. Die Wissenslandkarte bedient sich der Forschungen zu neuronalen Netzen. Durch ein Verfahren erlernt die "Self-Organizing-Map" (SOM) die Inhalte der einzelnen Dokumente und schafft es, mit zunehmender Datenmenge selbst eine Struktur des vorhandenen Wissens zu erstellen. Dieses Verfahren ist sprachunabhängig und daher weltweit einsetzbar."
    Theme
    Semantisches Umfeld in Indexierung u. Retrieval
  2. Shiri, A.A.; Revie, C.; Chowdhury, G.: Thesaurus-enhanced search interfaces (2002) 0.01 
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    Theme
    Konzeption und Anwendung des Prinzips Thesaurus
    Semantisches Umfeld in Indexierung u. Retrieval
  3. Ziegler, C.: Deus ex Machina : Das Web soll lernen, sich und uns zu verstehen (2002) 0.01 
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    Abstract
    Das WWW ist dumm. Ein neuer Ansatz soll jetzt dafür sorgen, dass Maschinen Bedeutungen erfassen und Informationen richtig einordnen können. Das ist noch nicht alles: Wenn die Server erst mal das Verstehen gelernt haben sollten, würden sie auch in der Lage sein, uns von den Ergebnissen ihrer Plaudereien untereinander zu berichten - das 'semantische Web' wäre geboren
    Theme
    Semantisches Umfeld in Indexierung u. Retrieval
  4. Weichselgartner, E.: ZPID bindet Thesaurus in Retrievaloberfläche ein (2006) 0.01 
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    Abstract
    Seit 3. Juli 2006 stellt das ZPID eine verbesserte Suchoberfläche für die Recherche in der bibliographischen Psychologie-Datenbank PSYNDEX zur Verfügung. Hauptmerkmal der neuen Version 1.1 des 'ZPID-Retrieval für PSYNDEX' ist die Einbindung von 'PSYNDEX Terms', dem kontrollierten Wortschatz der psychologischen Fachsprache. PSYNDEX Terms basiert auf dem 'Thesaurus of Psychological Index Terms' der American Psychological Association (APA) und enthält im Moment über 5.400 Deskriptoren. Zu jedem Deskriptor werden ggf. Oberbegriffe, Unterbegriffe und verwandte Begriffe angezeigt. Wer die Suchoberfläche nutzt, kann entweder im Thesaurus blättern oder gezielt nach Thesaurusbegriffen suchen. Kommt der eigene frei gewählte Suchbegriff nicht im Thesaurus vor, macht das System selbsttätig Vorschläge für passende Thesaurusbegriffe. DerThesaurus ist komplett zweisprachig (deutsch/englisch) implementiert, sodass er auch als Übersetzungshilfe dient. Weitere Verbesserungen der Suchoberfläche betreffen die Darstellbarkeit in unterschiedlichen Web-Browsern mit dem Ziel der Barrierefreiheit, die Erweiterung der OnlineHilfe mit Beispielen für erfolgreiche Suchstrategien, die Möglichkeit, zu speziellen Themen vertiefte Informationen abzurufen (den Anfang machen psychologische Behandlungsprogramme) und die Bereitstellung eines Export-Filters für EndNote. Zielgruppe des ZPID-Retrieval sind Einzelpersonen, die keinen institutionellen PSYNDEX-Zugang, z.B. am Campus einer Universität, nutzen können. Sie können das kostenpflichtige Retrieval direkt online erwerben und werden binnen weniger Minuten freigeschaltet. Kunden mit existierendem Vertrag kommen automatisch in den Genuss der verbesserten Suchoberfläche.
    Source
    Information - Wissenschaft und Praxis. 57(2006) H.5, S.244
    Theme
    Semantisches Umfeld in Indexierung u. Retrieval
  5. Heinz, S.: Realisierung und Evaluierung eines virtuellen Bibliotheksregals für die Informationswissenschaft an der Universitätsbibliothek Hildesheim (2003) 0.01 
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    Content
    [Magisterarbeit im Studiengang Internationales Informationsmanagement am Fachbereich Informations- und Kommunikationswissenschaften der Universität Hildesheim]
    Imprint
    Hildesheim] : Fachbereich Informations- und Kommunikationswissenschaften
    Theme
    Semantisches Umfeld in Indexierung u. Retrieval
  6. ALEPH 500 mit multilingualem Thesaurus (2003) 0.01 
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    Abstract
    Das System ALEPH 500 (Version 14.2) bietet den Benutzern mit der Weiterentwicklung des "Multilingualen Thesaurus" verfeinerte Recherchefunktionen an, z.B. - Erhöhung der Treffsicherheit - Ausschluss von nicht zutreffenden Suchergebnissen - Aufspüren aller für die Suche relevanter Titel - Sprachunabhängige Suche - Beziehungen zwischen Begriffen. Im ALEPH 500-Web OPAC wird der Thesaurus in zwei Fenstern angezeigt. Links ist der Thesaurus-Baum mit Hierarchien und Begriffsbeziehungen abgebildet. Parallel dazu werden rechts die Informationen zum ausgewählten Deskriptor dargestellt. Von diesem Fenster aus sind weitere thesaurusbezogene Funktionen ausführbar. Der Thesaurus ist direkt mit dem Titelkatalog verknüpft. Somit kann sich der Benutzer vom gewählten Deskriptor ausgehend sofort die vorhandenen Titel im OPAC anzeigen lassen. Sowohl die Einzelrecherche über einen Deskriptor als auch die Top DownRecherche über einen Thesaurus-Baumzweig werden im Suchverlauf des Titelkatalogs mitgeführt. Die Recherche kann mit den bekannten Funktionen in ALEPH 500 erweitert, eingeschränkt, modifiziert oder als SDI-Profil abgelegt werden. Erfassung und Pflege des Thesaurusvokabublars erfolgen im Katalogisierungsmodul unter Beachtung allgemein gültiger Regeln mit Hilfe maßgeschneiderter Schablonen, die modifizierbar sind. Durch entsprechende Feldbelegungen können die vielfältigen Beziehungen eines Deskriptors abgebildet sowie Sprachvarianten hinterlegt werden. Hintergrundverknüpfungen sorgen dafür, dass sich Änderungen im Thesaurus sofort und direkt auf die bibliographischen Daten auswirken.
    Theme
    Semantisches Umfeld in Indexierung u. Retrieval
  7. Küssow, J.: ALEPH 500 mit multilingualem Thesaurus (2003) 0.01 
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    Abstract
    Das System ALEPH 500 (Version 14.2) bietet den Benutzern mit der Weiterentwicklung des "Multilingualen Thesaurus" verfeinerte Recherchefunktionen an, z.B. - Erhöhung der Treffsicherheit - Ausschluss von nicht zutreffenden Suchergebnissen - Aufspüren aller für die Suche relevanter Titel - Sprachunabhängige Suche - Beziehungen zwischen Begriffen. Im ALEPH 500-Web OPAC wird der Thesaurus in zwei Fenstern angezeigt. Links ist der Thesaurus-Baum mit Hierarchien und Begriffsbeziehungen abgebildet. Parallel dazu werden rechts die Informationen zum ausgewählten Deskriptor dargestellt. Von diesem Fenster aus sind weitere thesaurusbezogene Funktionen ausführbar. Der Thesaurus ist direkt mit dem Titelkatalog verknüpft. Somit kann sich der Benutzer vom gewählten Deskriptor ausgehend sofort die vorhandenen Titel im OPAC anzeigen lassen. Sowohl die Einzelrecherche über einen Deskriptor als auch die Top DownRecherche über einen Thesaurus-Baumzweig werden im Suchverlauf des Titelkatalogs mitgeführt. Die Recherche kann mit den bekannten Funktionen in ALEPH 500 erweitert, eingeschränkt, modifiziert oder als SDI-Profil abgelegt werden. Erfassung und Pflege des Thesaurusvokabublars erfolgen im Katalogisierungsmodul unter Beachtung allgemein gültiger Regeln mit Hilfe maßgeschneiderter Schablonen, die modifizierbar sind. Durch entsprechende Feldbelegungen können die vielfältigen Beziehungen eines Deskriptors abgebildet sowie Sprachvarianten hinterlegt werden. Hintergrundverknüpfungen sorgen dafür, dass sich Änderungen im Thesaurus sofort und direkt auf die bibliographischen Daten auswirken.
    Theme
    Semantisches Umfeld in Indexierung u. Retrieval
  8. Frederichs, A.: Natürlichsprachige Abfrage und 3-D-Visualisierung von Wissenszusammenhängen (2007) 0.01 
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    Abstract
    Eine der größten Herausforderungen für alle technischen Anwendungen ist die sogenannte Mensch-Maschine-Schnittstelle, also der Problemkreis, wie der bedienende Mensch mit der zu bedienenden Technik kommunizieren kann. Waren die Benutzungsschnittstellen bis Ende der Achtziger Jahre vor allem durch die Notwendigkeit des Benutzers geprägt, sich an die Erfordernisse der Maschine anzupassen, so wurde mit Durchsetzung grafischer Benutzungsoberflächen zunehmend versucht, die Bedienbarkeit so zu gestalten, dass ein Mensch auch ohne größere Einarbeitung in die Lage versetzt werden sollte, seine Befehle der Technik - letztlich also dem Computer - zu übermitteln. Trotz aller Fortschritte auf diesem Gebiet blieb immer die Anforderung, der Mensch solle auf die ihm natürlichste Art und Weise kommunizieren können, mit menschlicher Sprache. Diese Anforderung gilt gerade auch für das Retrieval von Informationen: Warum ist es nötig, die Nutzung von Booleschen Operatoren zu erlernen, nur um eine Suchanfrage stellen zu können? Ein anderes Thema ist die Frage nach der Visualisierung von Wissenszusammenhängen, die sich der Herausforderung stellt, in einem geradezu uferlos sich ausweitenden Informationsangebot weiterhin den Überblick behalten und relevante Informationen schnellstmöglich finden zu können.
    Series
    Schriften der Vereinigung Österreichischer Bibliothekarinnen und Bibliothekare (VÖB); Bd. 2
    Theme
    Semantisches Umfeld in Indexierung u. Retrieval
  9. Klas, C.-P.; Fuhr, N.; Schaefer, A.: Evaluating strategic support for information access in the DAFFODIL system (2004) 0.01 
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    Abstract
    The digital library system Daffodil is targeted at strategic support of users during the information search process. For searching, exploring and managing digital library objects it provides user-customisable information seeking patterns over a federation of heterogeneous digital libraries. In this paper evaluation results with respect to retrieval effectiveness, efficiency and user satisfaction are presented. The analysis focuses on strategic support for the scientific work-flow. Daffodil supports the whole work-flow, from data source selection over information seeking to the representation, organisation and reuse of information. By embedding high level search functionality into the scientific work-flow, the user experiences better strategic system support due to a more systematic work process. These ideas have been implemented in Daffodil followed by a qualitative evaluation. The evaluation has been conducted with 28 participants, ranging from information seeking novices to experts. The results are promising, as they support the chosen model.
    Date
    16.11.2008 16:22:48
    Series
    Lecture notes in computer science; vol.3232
    Theme
    Semantisches Umfeld in Indexierung u. Retrieval
  10. Faaborg, A.; Lagoze, C.: Semantic browsing (2003) 0.01 
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    Series
    Lecture notes in computer science; vol.2769
    Source
    Research and advanced technology for digital libraries : 7th European Conference, proceedings / ECDL 2003, Trondheim, Norway, August 17-22, 2003
    Theme
    Semantisches Umfeld in Indexierung u. Retrieval
  11. Kramer, A.: Herrscher über das Chaos : Strategien, um im Dokumentenwust den Überblick zu wahren (2006) 0.01 
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    Abstract
    Volltextsuchmaschinen sind längst nicht mehr in der Lage, das Informationsbedürfnis angesichts ständig wachsender Datenmengen zu erfüllen. Gerade Unternehmen suchen nach Alternativen und Ergänzungen, um ihre Wissensressourcen effizient zu nutzen. Verschiedene Wissensmanagement-Lösungen erfreuen sich daher wachsender Beliebtheit.
    Theme
    Semantisches Umfeld in Indexierung u. Retrieval
  12. Shiri, A.A.; Revie, C.: End-user interaction with thesauri : an evaluation of cognitive overlap in search term selection (2004) 0.01 
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    Abstract
    The use of thesaurus-enhanced search tools is an the increase. This paper provides an insight into end-users interaction with and perceptions of such tools. In particular the overlap between users' initial query formulation and thesaurus structures is investigated. This investigation involved the performance of genuine search tasks an the CAB Abstracts database by academic users in the domain of veterinary medicine. The perception of these users regarding the nature and usefulness of the terms suggested from the thesaurus during the search interaction is reported. The results indicated that around 80% of terms entered were matched either exactly or partially to thesaurus terms. Users found over 90% of the terms suggested to be close to their search topics and where terms were selected they indicated that around 50% were to support a 'narrowing down' activity. These findings have implications for the design of thesaurus-enhanced interfaces.
    Series
    Advances in knowledge organization; vol.9
    Theme
    Konzeption und Anwendung des Prinzips Thesaurus
    Semantisches Umfeld in Indexierung u. Retrieval
  13. Song, D.; Bruza, P.D.: Towards context sensitive information inference (2003) 0.01 
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    Abstract
    Humans can make hasty, but generally robust judgements about what a text fragment is, or is not, about. Such judgements are termed information inference. This article furnishes an account of information inference from a psychologistic stance. By drawing an theories from nonclassical logic and applied cognition, an information inference mechanism is proposed that makes inferences via computations of information flow through an approximation of a conceptual space. Within a conceptual space information is represented geometrically. In this article, geometric representations of words are realized as vectors in a high dimensional semantic space, which is automatically constructed from a text corpus. Two approaches were presented for priming vector representations according to context. The first approach uses a concept combination heuristic to adjust the vector representation of a concept in the light of the representation of another concept. The second approach computes a prototypical concept an the basis of exemplar trace texts and moves it in the dimensional space according to the context. Information inference is evaluated by measuring the effectiveness of query models derived by information flow computations. Results show that information flow contributes significantly to query model effectiveness, particularly with respect to precision. Moreover, retrieval effectiveness compares favorably with two probabilistic query models, and another based an semantic association. More generally, this article can be seen as a contribution towards realizing operational systems that mimic text-based human reasoning.
    Date
    22. 3.2003 19:35:46
    Footnote
    Beitrag eines Themenheftes: Mathematical, logical, and formal methods in information retrieval
    Theme
    Semantisches Umfeld in Indexierung u. Retrieval
  14. Shiri, A.A.; Revie, C.; Chowdhury, G.: Thesaurus-assisted search term selection and query expansion : a review of user-centred studies (2002) 0.01 
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    Abstract
    This paper provides a review of the literature related to the application of domain-specific thesauri in the search and retrieval process. Focusing an studies that adopt a user-centred approach, the review presents a survey of the methodologies and results from empirical studies undertaken an the use of thesauri as sources of term selection for query formulation and expansion during the search process. It summarises the ways in which domain-specific thesauri from different disciplines have been used by various types of users and how these tools aid users in the selection of search terms. The review consists of two main sections: first, studies an thesaurus-aided search term selection; and second, studies dealing with query expansion using thesauri. Both sections are illustrated with case studies that have adopted a user-centred approach.
    Theme
    Konzeption und Anwendung des Prinzips Thesaurus
    Semantisches Umfeld in Indexierung u. Retrieval
  15. Shiri, A.A.; Revie, C.: Query expansion behavior within a thesaurus-enhanced search environment : a user-centered evaluation (2006) 0.01 
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    Abstract
    The study reported here investigated the query expansion behavior of end-users interacting with a thesaurus-enhanced search system on the Web. Two groups, namely academic staff and postgraduate students, were recruited into this study. Data were collected from 90 searches performed by 30 users using the OVID interface to the CAB abstracts database. Data-gathering techniques included questionnaires, screen capturing software, and interviews. The results presented here relate to issues of search-topic and search-term characteristics, number and types of expanded queries, usefulness of thesaurus terms, and behavioral differences between academic staff and postgraduate students in their interaction. The key conclusions drawn were that (a) academic staff chose more narrow and synonymous terms than did postgraduate students, who generally selected broader and related terms; (b) topic complexity affected users' interaction with the thesaurus in that complex topics required more query expansion and search term selection; (c) users' prior topic-search experience appeared to have a significant effect on their selection and evaluation of thesaurus terms; (d) in 50% of the searches where additional terms were suggested from the thesaurus, users stated that they had not been aware of the terms at the beginning of the search; this observation was particularly noticeable in the case of postgraduate students.
    Date
    22. 7.2006 16:32:43
    Theme
    Semantisches Umfeld in Indexierung u. Retrieval
  16. Sihvonen, A.; Vakkari, P.: Subject knowledge improves interactive query expansion assisted by a thesaurus (2004) 0.01 
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    Abstract
    This study explores how experts and novices in pedagogics expanded queries supported by the ERIC thesaurus, and how this was connected to the search effectiveness in an easy and a difficult search task. The expert group consisted of 15 undergraduates in pedagogy and the novice group of 15 students with no previous studies in this field. Their search logs were recorded and a pre- and post-search interview was conducted. The results show that the number and type of terms selected from the thesaurus for expansion by experts improved search effectiveness, whereas there were no connections between the use of thesaurus and improvement of effectiveness among novices. The effectiveness of expansions varied between the facets of the queries. Thus, a vital condition for benefiting from a thesaurus in query expansion to improve search results is sufficient familiarity with the search topic. The results suggest also that it is not in the first place the number of terms used in expansion, but their type and quality that are crucial for search success.
    Theme
    Konzeption und Anwendung des Prinzips Thesaurus
    Semantisches Umfeld in Indexierung u. Retrieval
  17. Tudhope, D.; Alani, H.; Jones, C.: Augmenting thesaurus relationships : possibilities for retrieval (2001) 0.01 
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    Abstract
    This paper discusses issues concerning the augmentation of thesaurus relationships, in light of new application possibilities for retrieval. We first discuss a case study that explored the retrieval potential of an augmented set of thesaurus relationships by specialising standard relationships into richer subtypes, in particular hierarchical geographical containment and the associative relationship. We then locate this work in a broader context by reviewing various attempts to build taxonomies of thesaurus relationships, and conclude by discussing the feasibility of hierarchically augmenting the core set of thesaurus relationships, particularly the associative relationship. We discuss the possibility of enriching the specification and semantics of Related Term (RT relationships), while maintaining compatibility with traditional thesauri via a limited hierarchical extension of the associative (and hierarchical) relationships. This would be facilitated by distinguishing the type of term from the (sub)type of relationship and explicitly specifying semantic categories for terms following a faceted approach. We first illustrate how hierarchical spatial relationships can be used to provide more flexible retrieval for queries incorporating place names in applications employing online gazetteers and geographical thesauri. We then employ a set of experimental scenarios to investigate key issues affecting use of the associative (RT) thesaurus relationships in semantic distance measures. Previous work has noted the potential of RTs in thesaurus search aids but also the problem of uncontrolled expansion of query term sets. Results presented in this paper suggest the potential for taking account of the hierarchical context of an RT link and specialisations of the RT relationship
    Theme
    Semantisches Umfeld in Indexierung u. Retrieval
    Konzeption und Anwendung des Prinzips Thesaurus
  18. Bradford, R.B.: Relationship discovery in large text collections using Latent Semantic Indexing (2006) 0.01 
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    Abstract
    This paper addresses the problem of information discovery in large collections of text. For users, one of the key problems in working with such collections is determining where to focus their attention. In selecting documents for examination, users must be able to formulate reasonably precise queries. Queries that are too broad will greatly reduce the efficiency of information discovery efforts by overwhelming the users with peripheral information. In order to formulate efficient queries, a mechanism is needed to automatically alert users regarding potentially interesting information contained within the collection. This paper presents the results of an experiment designed to test one approach to generation of such alerts. The technique of latent semantic indexing (LSI) is used to identify relationships among entities of interest. Entity extraction software is used to pre-process the text of the collection so that the LSI space contains representation vectors for named entities in addition to those for individual terms. In the LSI space, the cosine of the angle between the representation vectors for two entities captures important information regarding the degree of association of those two entities. For appropriate choices of entities, determining the entity pairs with the highest mutual cosine values yields valuable information regarding the contents of the text collection. The test database used for the experiment consists of 150,000 news articles. The proposed approach for alert generation is tested using a counterterrorism analysis example. The approach is shown to have significant potential for aiding users in rapidly focusing on information of potential importance in large text collections. The approach also has value in identifying possible use of aliases.
    Source
    Proceedings of the Fourth Workshop on Link Analysis, Counterterrorism, and Security, SIAM Data Mining Conference, Bethesda, MD, 20-22 April, 2006. [http://www.siam.org/meetings/sdm06/workproceed/Link%20Analysis/15.pdf]
    Theme
    Semantisches Umfeld in Indexierung u. Retrieval
  19. Shiri, A.: Topic familiarity and its effects on term selection and browsing in a thesaurus-enhanced search environment (2005) 0.01 
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    Abstract
    Purpose - To evaluate the extent to which familiarity with search topics affects the ways in which users select and browse search terms in a thesaurus-enhanced search setting. Design/methodology/approach - An experimental methodology was adopted to study users' search behaviour in an operational information retrieval environment. Findings - Topic familiarity and subject knowledge influence some search and interaction behaviours. Searches involving moderately and very familiar topics were associated with browsing around twice as many thesaurus terms as was the case for unfamiliar topics. Research limitations/implications - Some search behaviours such as thesaurus browsing and term selection could be used as an indication of user levels of topic familiarity. Practical implications - The results of this study provide design implications as to how to develop personalized search interfaces where users with varying levels of familiarity with search topics can carry out searches. Originality/value - This paper establishes the importance of topic familiarity characteristics and the effects of those characteristics on users' interaction with search interfaces enhanced with semantic tools such as thesauri.
    Theme
    Semantisches Umfeld in Indexierung u. Retrieval
    Konzeption und Anwendung des Prinzips Thesaurus
  20. Cool, C.; Spink, A.: Issues of context in information retrieval (IR) : an introduction to the special issue (2002) 0.00 
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    Abstract
    The subject of context has received a great deal of attention in the information retrieval (IR) literature over the past decade, primarily in studies of information seeking and IR interactions. Recently, attention to context in IR has expanded to address new problems in new environments. In this paper we outline five overlapping dimensions of context which we believe to be important constituent elements and we discuss how they are related to different issues in IR research. The papers in this special issue are summarized with respect to how they represent work that is being conducted within these dimensions of context. We conclude with future areas of research which are needed in order to fully understand the multidimensional nature of context in IR.
    Footnote
    Einführung in ein Themenheft: "Issues of context in information retrieval (IR)"
    Theme
    Semantisches Umfeld in Indexierung u. Retrieval

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  • d 25

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