Search (114 results, page 2 of 6)

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Abstract

Addresses the challenges and opportunities which new technology offers at the British Library, with the example of the DISCovery' project which will enable end users to search for and order materials from the British Library Lending Division. DISCovery aims to combine the latest technology and operational practices for accessing and receiving material. The key components are a graphical user interface, an index and ordering facilities. The product will be a current awareness service, by copyright fee paid and have document retrieval and delivery within a predetermined time

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Abstract

Reviews STN Easy, a Web service that provides access to 2 dozen leading sci-tech databases which is produced jointly by the Chemical Abstracts Service of the American Chemical Society, Germany's FIZ-Karlsruhe, and Japan' SCience and Technology Corporation. It employs a graphical interface, relevance searching, and output based pricing. STN Easy is STN's solution for members of the technical community and others who are not users of the main STN service. The databases included the leading files in STN's major subject areas namely: SCISEARCH; Mathematics Abstracts; MEDLINE; EMBASE; BIOSIS; COMPENDEX; INSPEC; Worlds Patent Index; Inpadoc; US Patents Fulltext; PROMPT; and Chemical & Engineering News. Discusses searching; pricing; and the pros and cons of end user searching

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Abstract

Decribes the BookHouse, a system for the retrieval and indexing of fiction and non fiction literature developed for public and school libraries though cooperation between library and information science professionals. Discusses 3 aspects of the system: domain characteristic; task analysis; and user characteristics. Outlines the framework underlying the collection of field data with special emphasis on the work involved in transforming the empirical field studies of user behaviour in the library into computer system specifications and subsequent design of a retrieval system providing subject access to fiction. Describes a few of the many indexing policies, rules and practices which evolved for concept identification and book descriptions as well as the functionality and associated displays of the system for supporting the retrieval and indexing of fiction

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Abstract

Proposes a model for integrating hypermedia and expert systems and describes an implementation. The proposed model consists of an expert system with a hypermedia user interface module and hypermedia output explanation module. Describes implementation based on the proposed model, and expert system named the Tourist Hyper-Expert Consultant (THECO). The results showed that the proposed model and structure, which employ hypermedia features, can enhance the user interface and output explanation modules of expert systems. Incorporating hypermedia into the user interface module enhances the flexibility of the expert system application in acquiring inputs from the users. Hypermedia also improved the ability of the output explanation module to give more comprehensive recommendations

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Abstract

Presents a complete analysis of the underlying principles of natural language interfaces from the screen manager to the parser / understander. The main focus is on the design and development of a subsystem for understanding natural language input in an expert system. Considers that fast response time and user friendliness are the most important considerations in the design. The screen manager provides an easy editing capability for users and the spelling correction system can detect most spelling errors and correct them automatically, quickly and effectively. The Lexical Functional Grammar (LFG) parser and the understander are designed to handle most types of simple sentences, fragments, and ellipses

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Abstract

Explores interface design raised by the development and evaluation of Okapi, a highly interactive information retrieval system based on a probabilistic retrieval model with relevance feedback. It uses terms frequency weighting functions to display retrieved items in a best match ranked order; it can also find additional items similar to those marked as relevant by the searcher. Compares the effectiveness of automatic and interactive query expansion in different user interface environments. focuses on the nature of interaction in information retrieval and the interrelationship between functional visibility, the user's cognitive loading and the balance of control between user and system

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Abstract

Science mapping is discussed in the general context of information visualization. Attempts to construct maps of science using citation data are reviewed, focusing on the use of co-citation clusters. New work is reported on a dataset of about 36.000 documents using simplified methods for ordination, and nesting maps hierarchically. an overall map of the dataset shows the multidisciplinary breadth of the document sample, and submaps allow drilling down the document level. An effort to visualize these data using advanced virtual reality software is described, and the creation of document pathways through the map is seen as a realization of Bush's associative trails

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Abstract

The ENQUIRE project forms part of a series of investigations on query expansion in the Okapi experimental text retrieval system. A configurable user interface was implemented as an evaluative tool and tested in two locations on two different databases: the library catalogue of The London Business SChool and the computing section of INSPEC. The system offered a range of possible strategies based on thesaural terms for reformulating queries. These could be initiated automatically by the system or interactively with the user. The formative phase of the evaluation established the appropriateness and usability of the interface as well as users' perceptions of the underlying functionality. The aim of the large scale field trial was to determine to what extent user would select thesaural terms suggested by the system to reformulate queries, and to evaluate the effectiveness of a new dynamic form of query expansion implemented for this project

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Abstract

Prism is a retrieval system that provides an online catalogue for a collection of original cartoon drawings at the Univ. of Kent. The article starts with a general discussion of graphical user interfaces for retrieval systems and then describes the Prism sysem itself. Prism is unusual in that it has largely direct manipulation graphical user interface and also in that it stores and displays digitised images of the cartoon drawings along with conventional textual catalogue records

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Abstract

Describes the use of MenUSE, developed at the National Library of Medicine in the USA on an IBM personal computer, in improving multilingual access to document databases. Explains how using menus enabled searching the NLM MEDLINE database in French and how the system was developed for application in other languages and databases in other subjects, such as the European Parliament System EPOQUE

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Abstract

Identifies some of the behaviour factors that influence the design effectiveness of an information retrieval system and applies some of the principles of human behaviour to the design of the user interface. Considers: the saturation principle, the concreteness principle, the principle of least resistance; the familiarity principle, the stimulation principle, the certainty principle, the simplicity principle, and the following form principle

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Abstract

Das System HYPERQUERY ist ein Informationssystem, das Benutzern den Zugriff auf stark vernetzte multimediale Informationen erleichtern soll. Hierzu wurde ein Hypertext- bzw. Hypermediasystem um eine Anfragekomponente erweitert, die den gezielten Einstieg in eine objektorientierte Datenbasis erleichtert. Das System soll insbesondere Gelegenheitsbenutzern ermöglichen, Reiseinformationen abzurufen. Der Benutzerschnittstelle fällt dabei eine wichtige Rolle zu. Die Implementierungen zweier unterschiedlicher graphischer Benutzeroberflächen der Anfragekomponente werden vorgestellt und diskutiert

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Abstract

User interfaces for CD-ROM products in the academic library environment must accomodate a variety of user and task profiles. Discusses the practical considerations that govern the implementation of interface design principles for such electronic data bases under the following headings: redesign goals; interaction style; menu design and implementation; system structure and the search paradigm; basic system operation and screen layout; simplified features; integrated novice and expert mode; redesign constraints; and hardware and software constraints

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Abstract

Recent advances in technology assume a separation of content and presentation with respect to data structures. In terms of access, however, there are important reasons for relating content and presentation (differnt views, perspectives). The paper outlines some fundamental concepts underlying a prototype for a System for Universal Media Searching (SUMS), namely, learning filters, and knowledge contexts, levels of knowledge, questions as strategy: pupose as orientation; media choices, quality, quantity, questions, space using maps and projections; multi-temporal views and integrating tools. It foresees how such a system, linked with the equivalent of a digital reference room, will provide the basis for a System for Universal Multimedia Access (SUMMA). The latter part of the paper addresses recent developments in three-dimensional interfaces. It claims that these are particularly suited for certain tasks such as visualising conncetions in conceptual spaces; seeing invisible differences as well as comprehension and prediction by seeing absence. It suggests also some ways in which two- and three-dimensional interfaces can be used in complementary ways

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Abstract

Information retrieval and exploration of work domains through databases and integrated information systems has become increasingly important in many modern work settings (as well as in libraries). The problem space of the users is defined on occasion by the dynamically changing requirements from their tasks and goals. it is argued that IR system design should be based on an analysis of the properties of the work domain, the task situation and the user characteristics. The paper describes a general framework for IR system design that has been used in the design of a library system. A special problem identified from use of the framework in domain analysis of fiction retrieval is treated in more detail: mapping the authors' domain structures to the domain structures expressed in users' needs in indexing and representation of fiction

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Abstract

Part of a special section on OPACs. Gives an overview of OPACs. Describes and examines: Boolean searching, post Boolean searching, bibliographic records, user interfaces, current research, added OPAC functionality, and comment on the provision of OPAC equipment for the end user. Introduces the OPAC 93 system developed by the British Library

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Abstract

Describes the development, by the Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology, Malaya University, of ONLIS (Online Library Information System), a customized user interface for coputerized MARC cataloguing and information retrieval, targeted for use in small libraries and information centres. Micro CDS/ISIS ver. 3.07 software package and its built in PAscal language were used for the design process and development. Design philosophy centres on the development of a very user friendly and simple interface, capable of mimicking the salient features of a contemporary commercial library package, yet easy to implement and maintain in a small library environment requiring little or no technical expertise. The system incorporates many new features and comprises 2 main components: data entry and file maintenace; and information retrieval. A security system is incorporated into the former environment to ensure data integrity and regulate important file maintenance tasks. While the system is ready for immediate implementation in libraries, modifications and enhancements are currently being undertaken to make it a truly reliable product. Concludes that some degree of user training in MARC and cataloguing using AACR2 is necessary to get the maximum benefits from the systems

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Abstract

Reports on a continuing project to study children's use of a graphically-based direct manipulation interface for science materials. The Science Library Catalogue (SLC), a component of project SEED, has been implemented in the libraries of 21 elementary schools in Los Angeles and will soon be implemented in a public library. The interface employs a hierarchical structure drawn from the DDC and implemented in HyperCard on the Macintosh. The study on the 2nd version of the interface indicates that children are able to use the Science Library Catalogue unaided, with reasonable success in finding items. Search success on the same topics on a Boolean command driven system was equivalent, but Boolean searches were faster. However, the Boolean system was more sensitive to differences in age, with 12-year-olds having significantly better success rates than 10-year-olds; and to search topic, with one set of questions being much easier to search than the other. On average, children liked the 2 systems about the same; the Boolean system was more attractive to certain age and gender combinations, while the Science Library Catalogue was more consistently liked across groups. results are compared to prior studies on the Science Library Catalogue and other online catalogues

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Abstract

This paper describes a new OPAC system called The Book House and discusses its relevance as a solution to current OPAC developments. The Book House is an interactive, multimedia, online public access catalogue system designed to support casual and/or novice end-users in information retrieval. It runs on a Macintosh and is available on CD-ROM and disks in English and Danish (it can be purchased from Risø for $100). It comprises an interface and module for classifying and indexing fact and fiction books in the database called Book House Write. It uses icons, text and animation in the display interface in order to enhance the utility of the system for the general public. Both words and pictures can be used for searching, which makes the system suitable for all age groups. It plays on users' previous experiencees with computer games to support learning by doing something in an enjoyable way. A prerequisite for the design of The Book House was a new approach to cognitive analysis of retrieval in libraries. Based on the success of this approach, it is claimed that OPAC systems will only be really useful and widespread (1) when their domain and task characteristics allow supplementary information to be added to existing descriptions of book content in online card catalogues in order to match end-users' intentions and needs, and (2) when the user interface and routes to the databases are configured as an integrated and uniform set of displays which match the search strategies of users, as well as their mental capabilities and limitations