Search (77 results, page 4 of 4)

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Abstract

Presents a chart comparing the subject access features available on 4 different catalogues (card catalogues, GEAC, MELVYL and NOTIS) and develops a method for 'walking through' subject searches in different catalogues using a 'naive subject searcher' model in which searching behaviour is determined by 3 basic characteristics: a lack of understanding of how information is stored, indexed, and retrieved in library catalogues; a preference for the simplest available mode of interaction with the catalogue and a lack of any searching strategy or tactics beyond simple 'subject searching'. A complete 'naive Subject search' of the GEAC 8000-based GLIS on-line catalogue is presented, and sample NOTIS and MELVYL screens are discussed

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Abstract

Explores the hypothesis that using a zooming graphical interface minimizes user disorientation when reading documents in an electronic environment. 36 graduate students at the University of Maryland at College Park, USA, were randomly assigned to read a hypertext document in either Pad++, a zooming graphical interface, or Mosaic, a jump-based interface. Questionnaires, observation, and taped interviews were used to compare and evalutae the use of the 2 interfaces with regard to learning time, performance and user satisfaction. Findings suggest as workstations become more powerful, a hybrid interface that adds continuous zooming to the existing mechanisms of scroll, pan and jump will emerge

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Abstract

Capability and capacity in handling the topology of a special subject information field has made infomapping techniques and systems instrumental in information searching, monitoring and navigation. Applying the technique to communication networks can reveal the intellectual relationships among junior and senior researchers in the field, and can also show the continuing popularity of a particular researcher's citation record over time. Reports the use of Java in making a cartoon series of chronological maps based on citation analysis on a special subject field (nutrition and dietetics). The map making methods, Java programming, and statistical analysis of the map data are presented, and the advantage and significance of constructing Java maps in enhancing information retrieval discussed. Further technical developments in applying VRML to link together a 3-D spatial indexing system and a 2-D HTML Web site are suggested

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Abstract

In an effort to assist users in the identification of significant Internet resources, libraries and librarians have begun to apply established library classification and subject schemes as the organizational framework for accessing and navigating these electronic sources. We will profile selected notable applications of national and international library classification schemes for organizing World Wide Web (WWW) resources as well as sites that have applied controlled vocabularies to facilitate access to selected collections of Net resources. With these and similar efforts as a conceptual foundation, we then focus on the potential application of new and emerging technologies to further enhance use of digital collections, notably intelligent software agents, information visualization techniques, auditory displays and haptic interactive devices. We conclude with a review of significant Natural Language Processing (NLP) technologies and computer-based ontologies, and speculate on their potential application for representing, accessing, and navigating digital resources

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Abstract

The physical organisation of items on library shelves using any classification scheme is inevitable a compromise. The best efforts to achieve an arrangement that is helpful to users will be thwarted by the multifaceted nature of these items and the specific needs of the user and the library. Items on a particular subject will be scattered throughout the library building(s) across disciplines, by physical form, by frequency of use and whether and for how long they may be borrowed. Even thought he rich information content of multifaceted items may be represented in the notation, the items required by a user will be scattered across library shelves when the item is placed in a single relative location. This paper explores these issues uisng examples from a University Library classified using the DDC. The electronic context of the library OPAC can transcend the constraints imposed by the predominantly physical nature of library collections, yet the current use of classification schemes in on-line systems retains many of these limitations. Examples of such systems applying DDC on the WWW are discussed and compared with a system that seeks to use DDC in what is called view-based searching. The interface and the resulting browsing and searching capability of a view-based OPAC are described. Ways in which subject access to library collections can be improved and disciplinary scatter resolved by assigning multiple class number to items and exploiting the rich Dewey structure in a faceted form are discussed. It is suggested that the informative power of visual classificatory structures at the search interface will be beneficial to the broader learning experience of the user. The paper concludes that the application of classification schemes in electronic interfaces should not be bound by the the physical constraints that no longer apply in an electronic context but be exploited to provide a complete, flexible and individual interface as determined by the needs of each user

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Abstract

As mentioned above, the guidelines are intended to apply to all types of catalogue, including Web-based catalogues, GUI-based interfaces, and Z39.50-web interfaces. The focus of the guidelines is on the display of cataloguing information (as opposed to circulation, serials check-in, fund accounting, acquisitions, or bindery information). However, some general statements are made concerning the value of displaying to users information that is drawn from these other types of records. The guidelines do not attempt to cover HELP screens, searching methods, or command names and functions. Thus, the guidelines do not directly address the difference between menu-mode access (so common now in GUI and Web interfaces) vs. command-mode access (often completely unavailable in GUI and Web interfaces). However, note that in menu-mode access, the user often has to go through many more screens to attain results than in command-mode access, and each of these screens constitutes a display. The intent is to recommend a standard set of display defaults, defined as features that should be provided for users who have not selected other options, including users who want to begin searching right away without much instruction. It is not the intent to restrict the creativity of system designers who want to build in further options to offer to advanced users (beyond the defaults), advanced users being those people who are willing to put some time into learning how to use the system in more sophisticated and complex ways. The Task Force is aware of the fact that many existing systems are not capable of following all of the recommendations in this document. We hope that existing systems will attempt to work toward the implementation of the guidelines as they develop new versions of their software in the future.

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Source

Online and CD-ROM review. 22(1998) no.3, S.155-167

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Pages

S.20-22

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Date

1. 8.1996 22:08:06

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Abstract

Reports on a continuing project to study children's use of a graphically-based direct manipulation interface for science materials. The Science Library Catalogue (SLC), a component of project SEED, has been implemented in the libraries of 21 elementary schools in Los Angeles and will soon be implemented in a public library. The interface employs a hierarchical structure drawn from the DDC and implemented in HyperCard on the Macintosh. The study on the 2nd version of the interface indicates that children are able to use the Science Library Catalogue unaided, with reasonable success in finding items. Search success on the same topics on a Boolean command driven system was equivalent, but Boolean searches were faster. However, the Boolean system was more sensitive to differences in age, with 12-year-olds having significantly better success rates than 10-year-olds; and to search topic, with one set of questions being much easier to search than the other. On average, children liked the 2 systems about the same; the Boolean system was more attractive to certain age and gender combinations, while the Science Library Catalogue was more consistently liked across groups. results are compared to prior studies on the Science Library Catalogue and other online catalogues

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Abstract

In this paper, we report on the second part of an empirical study designed to observe how users interact with World Wide Web resources. Applying a holistic approach, the researches examine users' cognitive, affective, and physical behaviors during user-Web interaction in order to understand better the nature of information retrieval on the Web, the needs of Web users, and the problem-solving strategies Web users employ. From analyses and the participant verbalizations collected during monitored searches, the researchers developed a taxonomy of problem solving strategies. The coding scheme was developed based on a content analysis of the integrated process data. Information from triangulation follow-up with participants via anonymously completed questionnaires, the taxonomy, and analyses of search transcripts were collected to determine 1) what problems users encountered during the interaction and how users solved these problems; and 2) which problem-solving strategies Web users considered and selected for finding factual information. The focus of the coding was on the participants' cognitive, affective, and physical behaviors in response to the components of the problems encountered, which included problems of the following types: Web interfaces, users' mental models, and the Web information sources. Searching behavior and problem-solving patterns are described and interpreted within the relevant situational context and the problems users encountered are identified and analyzed. Both the problems users faced and their problem-solving approaches endeavored evidence a strong reliance on mental models of the features available on sites, the location of those features, and other interface design concepts

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Abstract

The web has brought to the business world an inexpensive way of distributing corporate information to employees, business partners and customers. The term intranet describes a closed computer network built upon World Wide Web technology in which access is restricted to a particular group of users, typically employees of a company. The term extranet is used when access is extended to a privileged user group: customers and suppliers for example. This paper examines the role of the World Wide Web in the Research Library at Scottish Media Newspapers, in particular how it complements the portfolio of traditional online sources, CD Roms and books. It also describes the extent to which searching has moved from the intermediary to the end user. In the mid 1990s, just as the web was beginning its spectacular rise to fame, Scottish Media Newspapers developed a browser-based interface to the in-house database of newspaper stories, a process that led to the creation of a corporate intranet. The creation of the intranet has been accompanied by a redefining of staff roles in an attempt to change the image from passive librarian to dynamic research specialist. The paper concludes by examining the role of the information professional/librarian in a world where end users will have a vast range of information from internal and external sources at their fingertips.

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Abstract

This paper describes a new OPAC system called The Book House and discusses its relevance as a solution to current OPAC developments. The Book House is an interactive, multimedia, online public access catalogue system designed to support casual and/or novice end-users in information retrieval. It runs on a Macintosh and is available on CD-ROM and disks in English and Danish (it can be purchased from Risø for $100). It comprises an interface and module for classifying and indexing fact and fiction books in the database called Book House Write. It uses icons, text and animation in the display interface in order to enhance the utility of the system for the general public. Both words and pictures can be used for searching, which makes the system suitable for all age groups. It plays on users' previous experiencees with computer games to support learning by doing something in an enjoyable way. A prerequisite for the design of The Book House was a new approach to cognitive analysis of retrieval in libraries. Based on the success of this approach, it is claimed that OPAC systems will only be really useful and widespread (1) when their domain and task characteristics allow supplementary information to be added to existing descriptions of book content in online card catalogues in order to match end-users' intentions and needs, and (2) when the user interface and routes to the databases are configured as an integrated and uniform set of displays which match the search strategies of users, as well as their mental capabilities and limitations

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Date

6. 2.1999 20:10:22

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Source

Library and information research news. 22(1998) no.71, S.34-39

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Date

1. 8.1996 22:08:06

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Date

9. 2.1997 18:44:22