-
Spink, A.; Ozmultu, H.C.: Characteristics of question format web queries : an exploratory study (2002)
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- Abstract
- Web queries in question format are becoming a common element of a user's interaction with Web search engines. Web search services such as Ask Jeeves - a publicly accessible question and answer (Q&A) search engine - request users to enter question format queries. This paper provides results from a study examining queries in question format submitted to two different Web search engines - Ask Jeeves that explicitly encourages queries in question format and the Excite search service that does not explicitly encourage queries in question format. We identify the characteristics of queries in question format in two different data sets: (1) 30,000 Ask Jeeves queries and 15,575 Excite queries, including the nature, length, and structure of queries in question format. Findings include: (1) 50% of Ask Jeeves queries and less than 1% of Excite were in question format, (2) most users entered only one query in question format with little query reformulation, (3) limited range of formats for queries in question format - mainly "where", "what", or "how" questions, (4) most common question query format was "Where can I find ..." for general information on a topic, and (5) non-question queries may be in request format. Overall, four types of user Web queries were identified: keyword, Boolean, question, and request. These findings provide an initial mapping of the structure and content of queries in question and request format. Implications for Web search services are discussed.
-
Vakkari, P.: ¬A theory of the task-based information retrieval process : a summary and generalisation of a longitudinal study (2001)
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- Abstract
- The aim of this article is threefold: (1) to give a summary of empirical results reported earlier on relations between students' problem stages in the course of writing their research proposals for a master's thesis and the information sought, choice of search terms and tactics and relevance assessments of the information found for that task; (2) to show how the findings of the study refine Kuhlthau's model of the information search process in the field of information retrieval (IR); and (3) to construe a tentative theory of a task-based IR process based on the supported hypotheses. The results of the empirical studies show that there is a close connection between the students' problem stages (mental model) in the task performance and the information sought, the search tactics used and the assessment of the relevance and utility of the information found. The corroborated hypotheses expand the ideas in Kuhlthau's model in the domain of IR. A theory of task-based information searching based on the empirical findings of the study is presented.
- Source
- Journal of documentation. 57(2001) no.1, S.44-60
-
Drabenstott, K.M.: Web search strategies (2000)
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- Date
- 22. 9.1997 19:16:05
-
Wang, P.; Berry, M.W.; Yang, Y.: Mining longitudinal Web queries : trends and patterns (2003)
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- Abstract
- This project analyzed 541,920 user queries submitted to and executed in an academic Website during a four-year period (May 1997 to May 2001) using a relational database. The purpose of the study is three-fold: (1) to understand Web users' query behavior; (2) to identify problems encountered by these Web users; (3) to develop appropriate techniques for optimization of query analysis and mining. The linguistic analyses focus an query structures, lexicon, and word associations using statistical measures such as Zipf distribution and mutual information. A data model with finest granularity is used for data storage and iterative analyses. Patterns and trends of querying behavior are identified and compared with previous studies.
-
Whitmire, E.: Disciplinary differences and undergraduates' information-seeking behavior (2002)
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- Abstract
- This study applied the Biglan model of disciplinary differences to the information-seeking behavior patterns of 5,175 undergraduates responding to questions on the College Student Experiences Questionnaire (CSEQ). The Biglan model categorizes academic disciplines along three dimensions: (1) hard-soft, (2) pure-applied, and (3) life-nonlife systems. Using t-tests, this model proved to be valid for distinguishing differences in undergraduates' information-seeking behavior patterns among various academic disciplines. The results indicate that the Biglan model has implications for the redesign of academic library services and use as a valid theoretical framework for future library and information science research.
-
Kim, K.-S.: Effects of emotion control and task on Web searching behavior (2008)
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- Source
- Information processing and management. 44(2008) no.1, S.373-385
-
Wolfram, D.: Search characteristics in different types of Web-based IR environments : are they the same? (2008)
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- Date
- 1. 8.2008 11:55:33
-
Stacey, Alison; Stacey, Adrian: Effective information retrieval from the Internet : an advanced user's guide (2004)
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- Isbn
- 1-84334-078-X (hb)
1-84334-077-1 (pb)
-
Slone, D.J.: Encounters with the OPAC : On-line searching in public libraries (2000)
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- Abstract
- This article reports on a qualitative study exploring: (1) strategies and behaviors of public library users during interaction with an OPAC; and (2) users' confidence in finding needed information on-line. Questionnaires, interviews, and observations were employed to gather data from 32 public library users. the results found search behaviors, confidence, and other feelings varied, based on 3 types of searches: unknown-item searches; area searches; and known-item searches. Term generation was the most important factor in unknown-item search strategies. Speed and convenience palyed a role in area searches, and simplicity characterized known-item searches. Of the 3 types, unknown-item searchers experienced the most frustration and doubt; known-item searchers the most disappointment; and area searchers the most confidence and contentment. Knowledge of these differences may prove helpful for librarians and interface designers
-
Byström, K.: Information and information sources in tasks of varying complexity (2002)
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- Abstract
- This article presents the research findings of a study on task complexity and information-seeking activities in real-life work tasks. The focus was on perceived task complexity, which was determined according to the task performers' prior knowledge about the task ahead. This view on task complexity is closely related to research considering task uncertainty and analyzability. Information-seeking activities considered were a need to acquire different types of information and the subsequent use of different types of sources. The research data were mainly collected by (1) self-recorded journals that were filled out by municipal administrators in the course of performing their ordinary work duties (altogether 78 task diaries), and (2) subsequent interviews. The results indicated that there is a relatively strong relationship between types of information and types of sources. The effects of task complexity made experts more attractive as a source than other people and all types of documentary sources.
-
Whitmire, E.: ¬The relationship between undergraduates' epistemological beliefs, reflective judgment, and their information-seeking behavior (2004)
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- Source
- Information processing and management. 40(2004) no.1, S.97-111
-
Chen, S.Y.; Magoulas, G.D.; Dimakopoulos, D.: ¬A flexible interface design for Web directories to accommodate different cognitive styles (2005)
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- Source
- Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology. 56(2005) no.1, S.70-83
-
Nicholas, D.; Huntington, P.; Williams, P.; Dobrowolski, T.: Re-appraising information seeking behaviour in a digital environment : bouncers, checkers, returnees and the like (2004)
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- Source
- Journal of documentation. 60(2004) no.1, S.24-43
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Ford, N.; Miller, D.; Moss, N.: Web search strategies and retrieval effectiveness : an empirical study (2002)
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- Source
- Journal of documentation. 58(2002) no.1, S.30-48
-
Spink, A.; Wilson, T.D.; Ford, N.; Foster, A.; Ellis, D.: Information seeking and mediated searching : Part 1: theoretical framework and research design (2002)
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-
Jansen, B.J.; Booth, D.L.; Spink, A.: Determining the informational, navigational, and transactional intent of Web queries (2008)
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- Date
- 1. 8.2008 11:51:40
-
Zhang, Y.: ¬The influence of mental models on undergraduate students' searching behavior on the Web (2008)
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- Date
- 1. 8.2008 12:09:54
-
Drabenstott, K.M.: Do nondomain experts enlist the strategies of domain experts? (2003)
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- Abstract
- User studies demonstrate that nondomain experts do not use the same information-seeking strategies as domain experts. Because of the transformation of integrated library systems into Information Gateways in the late 1990s, both nondomain experts and domain experts have had available to them the wide range of information-seeking strategies in a single system. This article describes the results of a study to answer three research questions: (1) do nondomain experts enlist the strategies of domain experts? (2) if they do, how did they learn about these strategies? and (3) are they successful using them? Interviews, audio recordings, screen captures, and observations were used to gather data from 14 undergraduate students who searched an academic library's Information Gateway. The few times that the undergraduates in this study enlisted search strategies that were characteristic of domain experts, it usually took perseverance, trial-and-error, serendipity, or a combination of all three for them to find useful information. Although this study's results provide no compelling reasons for systems to support features that make domain-expert strategies possible, there is need for system features that scaffold nondomain experts from their usual strategies to the strategies characteristic of domain experts.
-
Kuhlthau, C.C.; Tama, S.L.: Information search process of lawyers : a call for 'just for me' information services (2001)
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- Source
- Journal of documentation. 57(2001) no.1, S.25-43
-
Bhavnani, S.K.; Bichakjian, C.K.; Johnson, T.M.; Little, R.J.; Peck, F.A.; Schwartz, J.L.; Strecher, V.J.: Strategy hubs : Domain portals to help find comprehensive information (2006)
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- Source
- Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology. 57(2006) no.1, S.4-24
