-
Boldi, P.; Santini, M.; Vigna, S.: PageRank as a function of the damping factor (2005)
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- Abstract
- PageRank is defined as the stationary state of a Markov chain. The chain is obtained by perturbing the transition matrix induced by a web graph with a damping factor alpha that spreads uniformly part of the rank. The choice of alpha is eminently empirical, and in most cases the original suggestion alpha=0.85 by Brin and Page is still used. Recently, however, the behaviour of PageRank with respect to changes in alpha was discovered to be useful in link-spam detection. Moreover, an analytical justification of the value chosen for alpha is still missing. In this paper, we give the first mathematical analysis of PageRank when alpha changes. In particular, we show that, contrarily to popular belief, for real-world graphs values of alpha close to 1 do not give a more meaningful ranking. Then, we give closed-form formulae for PageRank derivatives of any order, and an extension of the Power Method that approximates them with convergence O(t**k*alpha**t) for the k-th derivative. Finally, we show a tight connection between iterated computation and analytical behaviour by proving that the k-th iteration of the Power Method gives exactly the PageRank value obtained using a Maclaurin polynomial of degree k. The latter result paves the way towards the application of analytical methods to the study of PageRank.
- Date
- 16. 1.2016 10:22:28
-
Bittner, T.; Donnelly, M.; Winter, S.: Ontology and semantic interoperability (2006)
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- Date
- 3.12.2016 18:39:22
-
Baker, T.: ¬A grammar of Dublin Core (2000)
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- Date
- 26.12.2011 14:01:22
-
Baker, T.; Dekkers, M.; Heery, R.; Patel, M.; Salokhe, G.: What Terms Does Your Metadata Use? : Application Profiles as Machine-Understandable Narratives (2002)
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- Content
- Teil eines Sonderheftes: Selected papers from the Dublin Core 2001 Conference. Ed. T. Koch
-
Wen, D.; Sakaguchi, T.; Sugimoto, S.; Tabata, K.: Multilingual Access to Dublin Core Metadata of ULIS Library (2002)
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- Teil eines Sonderheftes: Selected papers from the Dublin Core 2001 Conference. Ed. T. Koch
-
Franklin, B.; Plum, T.: Library usage patterns in the electronic information environment (2004)
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-
Maaten, L. van den: Learning a parametric embedding by preserving local structure (2009)
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- Abstract
- The paper presents a new unsupervised dimensionality reduction technique, called parametric t-SNE, that learns a parametric mapping between the high-dimensional data space and the low-dimensional latent space. Parametric t-SNE learns the parametric mapping in such a way that the local structure of the data is preserved as well as possible in the latent space. We evaluate the performance of parametric t-SNE in experiments on three datasets, in which we compare it to the performance of two other unsupervised parametric dimensionality reduction techniques. The results of experiments illustrate the strong performance of parametric t-SNE, in particular, in learning settings in which the dimensionality of the latent space is relatively low.
-
Maaten, L. van den; Hinton, G.: Visualizing data using t-SNE (2008)
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- Abstract
- We present a new technique called "t-SNE" that visualizes high-dimensional data by giving each datapoint a location in a two or three-dimensional map. The technique is a variation of Stochastic Neighbor Embedding (Hinton and Roweis, 2002) that is much easier to optimize, and produces significantly better visualizations by reducing the tendency to crowd points together in the center of the map. t-SNE is better than existing techniques at creating a single map that reveals structure at many different scales. This is particularly important for high-dimensional data that lie on several different, but related, low-dimensional manifolds, such as images of objects from multiple classes seen from multiple viewpoints. For visualizing the structure of very large data sets, we show how t-SNE can use random walks on neighborhood graphs to allow the implicit structure of all of the data to influence the way in which a subset of the data is displayed. We illustrate the performance of t-SNE on a wide variety of data sets and compare it with many other non-parametric visualization techniques, including Sammon mapping, Isomap, and Locally Linear Embedding. The visualizations produced by t-SNE are significantly better than those produced by the other techniques on almost all of the data sets.
-
Kunze, J.: ¬A Metadata Kernel for Electronic Permanence (2002)
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- Content
- Teil eines Sonderheftes: Selected papers from the Dublin Core 2001 Conference. Ed. T. Koch
-
Lagoze, C.; Hunter, J.: ¬The ABC Ontology and Model (2002)
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- Content
- Teil eines Sonderheftes: Selected papers from the Dublin Core 2001 Conference. Ed. T. Koch
-
Tennis, J.T.: Social tagging and the next steps for indexing (2006)
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- Source
- Proceedings 17th SIG/CR Classification Research Workshop, November 4, 2006, Austin, Texas. Eds.: Jonathan Furner and Joseph T. Tennis
-
Van der Veer Martens, B.: Do citation systems represent theories of truth? (2001)
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- Date
- 22. 7.2006 15:22:28
-
Anutariya, C.; Wuwongse, K.; Akama, E.; Nantajeewarawat, E.: RDF Declarative Description (RDD) : A Language for Metadata (2002)
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- Content
- Teil eines Sonderheftes: Selected papers from the Dublin Core 2001 Conference. Ed. T. Koch
-
Apps, A.; MacIntyre, R.; Heery, R.; Patel, M.; Salokhe, G.: Zetoc : a Dublin Core Based Current Awareness Service (2002)
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- Content
- Teil eines Sonderheftes: Selected papers from the Dublin Core 2001 Conference. Ed. T. Koch
-
Greenberg, J.; Pattuelli, M.; Parsia, B.; Robertson, W.: Author-generated Dublin Core Metadata for Web Resources : A Baseline Study in an Organization (2002)
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- Teil eines Sonderheftes: Selected papers from the Dublin Core 2001 Conference. Ed. T. Koch
-
Qin, J.; Paling, S.: Converting a controlled vocabulary into an ontology : the case of GEM (2001)
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- Date
- 24. 8.2005 19:20:22
-
Lindholm, J.; Schönthal, T.; Jansson , K.: Experiences of harvesting Web resources in engineering using automatic classification (2003)
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-
Hammond, T.; Hannay, T.; Lund, B.; Flack, M.: Social bookmarking tools (II) : a case study - Connotea (2005)
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Cranefield, S.: Networked knowledge representation and exchange using UML and RDF (2001)
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- Abstract
- This paper proposes the use of the Unified Modeling Language (UML) as a language for modelling ontologies for Web resources and the knowledge contained within them. To provide a mechanism for serialising and processing object diagrams representing knowledge, a pair of XSI-T stylesheets have been developed to map from XML Metadata Interchange (XMI) encodings of class diagrams to corresponding RDF schemas and to Java classes representing the concepts in the ontologies. The Java code includes methods for marshalling and unmarshalling object-oriented information between in-memory data structures and RDF serialisations of that information. This provides a convenient mechanism for Java applications to share knowledge on the Web
-
Matylonek, J.C.; Ottow, C.; Reese, T.: Organizing ready reference and administrative information with the reference desk manager (2001)
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