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Abstract

The technical and administrative problems involved in the storage, handling, and retrieval of library information are emphasized throughout this detailed account of the present equipment used. Reference is made to previous studies and suggestions given for future research. Particular attention is paid to the need for fundamental systems studies and for full investigation of the requirements of the scholar. The author concludes that the problem was proceeded in a piecemeal and 'gadget' fashion and stresses the need for more detailed analysis of the usefulness and economic justification of each separate piece of machinery, without, however, losing sight of the problem in its entirely. By way of practical illustration a method for making the recources of Harvard University's Lamont Library available to all colleges is suggested at the end.

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Abstract

In distinction to current Theory of Communication which treats amount of information as a measure of the statistical rarity of a message, a Theory of Semantic Information is outlined, in which the concept of information carried by a sentence within a given language system is treated as synonymous with the content of this sentence, normalized in a certain way, and the concept of amount of semantic information is explicated by various measures of this content, all based on logical probability functions ranging over the contents. Absolute and relative measures are distinguished, so are D-functions suitable for contexts where deductive reasoning alone is relevant and I-functions suitable for contexts where inductive reasoning is adequate. Of the two major types of amount of information investigated, the one, cont, is additive with respect to sentences whose contents are exclusive, the other, inf, with respect to sentences which are inductively independent. The latter turns out to be formally analogous to the customary information measure function. Various estimate functions of amount of information are investigated leading to generalized semantic correlates of concepts and theorems of current Communication Theory. A concept of semantic noise is tentatively defined, so are efficiency and redundancy of the conceptual framework of a language system. It is suggested that semantic information is a concept more readily applicable to psychological and other investigations than its communicational counterpart.