-
Arms, W.Y.; Blanchi, C.; Overly, E.A.: ¬An architecture for information in digital libraries (1997)
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- Abstract
- Flexible organization of information is one of the key design challenges in any digital library. For the past year, we have been working with members of the National Digital Library Project (NDLP) at the Library of Congress to build an experimental system to organize and store library collections. This is a report on the work. In particular, we describe how a few technical building blocks are used to organize the material in collections, such as the NDLP's, and how these methods fit into a general distributed computing framework. The technical building blocks are part of a framework that evolved as part of the Computer Science Technical Reports Project (CSTR). This framework is described in the paper, "A Framework for Distributed Digital Object Services", by Robert Kahn and Robert Wilensky (1995). The main building blocks are: "digital objects", which are used to manage digital material in a networked environment; "handles", which identify digital objects and other network resources; and "repositories", in which digital objects are stored. These concepts are amplified in "Key Concepts in the Architecture of the Digital Library", by William Y. Arms (1995). In summer 1995, after earlier experimental development, work began on the implementation of a full digital library system based on this framework. In addition to Kahn/Wilensky and Arms, several working papers further elaborate on the design concepts. A paper by Carl Lagoze and David Ely, "Implementation Issues in an Open Architectural Framework for Digital Object Services", delves into some of the repository concepts. The initial repository implementation was based on a paper by Carl Lagoze, Robert McGrath, Ed Overly and Nancy Yeager, "A Design for Inter-Operable Secure Object Stores (ISOS)". Work on the handle system, which began in 1992, is described in a series of papers that can be found on the Handle Home Page. The National Digital Library Program (NDLP) at the Library of Congress is a large scale project to convert historic collections to digital form and make them widely available over the Internet. The program is described in two articles by Caroline R. Arms, "Historical Collections for the National Digital Library". The NDLP itself draws on experience gained through the earlier American Memory Program. Based on this work, we have built a pilot system that demonstrates how digital objects can be used to organize complex materials, such as those found in the NDLP. The pilot was demonstrated to members of the library in July 1996. The pilot system includes the handle system for identifying digital objects, a pilot repository to store them, and two user interfaces: one designed for librarians to manage digital objects in the repository, the other for library patrons to access the materials stored in the repository. Materials from the NDLP's Coolidge Consumerism compilation have been deposited into the pilot repository. They include a variety of photographs and texts, converted to digital form. The pilot demonstrates the use of handles for identifying such material, the use of meta-objects for managing sets of digital objects, and the choice of metadata. We are now implementing an enhanced prototype system for completion in early 1997.
-
Cole, T.W.; Kazmer, M.M.: SGML as a component of the digital library (1995)
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- Abstract
- Sets out the background, history and distinguishing characteristics of SGML as an electronic format for handling electronic records and for electronic publishing. Describes available SGML authoring tools and editing packages. Assesses the suitability of SGML for electronic document delivery and document distribution systems for libraries (electronic library concept) with particular reference to the Illinois University at Urbana-Champaign Digital Library project. Contrasts the willingness with which publishers have embraced SGML with the problems that still need to be overcome in its implementation
- Source
- Library hi tech. 13(1995) no.4, S.75-90
-
Matson, L.D.; Bonski, D.J.: Do digital libraries need librarians? (1997)
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- Abstract
- Defines digital libraries and discusses the effects of new technology on librarians. Examines the different viewpoints of librarians and information technologists on digital libraries. Describes the development of a digital library at the National Drug Intelligence Center, USA, which was carried out in collaboration with information technology experts. The system is based on Web enabled search technology to find information, data visualization and data mining to visualize it and use of SGML as an information standard to store it
- Date
- 22.11.1998 18:57:22
-
Jain, R.: Visual information retrieval in digital libraries (1997)
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- Abstract
- The growth of interest in the electronic library concept and increasing reliance on multimedia materials has increased the demand for image databases as functional parts of digital libraries. Discusses the requirements for these emerging information systems and presents query methods and data models suitable for such systems. Presents selected practical examples of approaches that provide a preview of how digital libraries may operate in the near future
- Date
- 22. 9.1997 19:16:05
- Imprint
- Urbana-Champaign, IL : Illinois University at Urbana-Champaign, Department of Library and Information Science
- Source
- Digital image access and retrieval: Proceedings of the 1996 Clinic on Library Applications of Data Processing, 24-26 Mar 1996. Ed.: P.B. Heidorn u. B. Sandore
-
Fox, E.A.: Users, user interfaces and objects : envision, a digital library (1993)
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- Abstract
- Part of a special section on digital libraries. Reports on Project Envision which aims to build a user centred database from computer science literature. Sets out principles for digital libraries which cover issues of representation of architecture and interfacing. Describes interviews with users which led to design and evaluation of the Envision user interface which features innovative query formulation and search results screens. Describes how the system builds upon work to identity and represent 'objects' in computer science that will facilitate reuse and high level communication of information from author to reader
-
Hill, L.L.; Janée, G.; Dolin, R.; Frew, J.; Larsgaard, M.: Collection metadata solutions for digital library applications (1999)
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- Abstract
- Within a digital library, collections may range from an ad hoc set of objects that serve a temporary purpose to established library collections intended to persist through time. The objects in these collections vary widely, from library and data center holdings to pointers to real-world objects, such as geographic places, and the various metadata schemes that describe them. The key to integrated use of such a variety of collections in a digital library is collection metadata that represents the inherent and contextual characteristics of a collection. The Alexandria Digital Library (ADL) Project has designed and implemented collection metadata for several purposes: in XML form, the collection metadatada 'registers' the collection with the user interface client; in HTML form, it is used for user documentation; eventually, it will be used to describe the collection to network search agents; and it is used for internal collection management, including mapping the object metadata attributes to the common search parameters of the system
-
¬The electronic Vatican Library (1994)
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- Abstract
- The Vatican Library has begun a pilot project to find new ways to provide access to selected works from the Vatikan Library to scholars and educators. It involves: creation of a digital-image database, investigation of the feasibility of using networks and the electronic media to distribute images, conversion of the library's pre 1985 catalogue to an electronic database, and exploration of the related issues of usability, protection of distributed images and cost and permissions management. Gives a background to the project and outlines how it will be carried out
- Source
- Information retrieval and library automation. 29(1994) no.12, S.1-2
-
Barden, P.: Multimedia document delivery : the birth of a new industry (1995)
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- Abstract
- Reviews the current state of the art in the field of electronic publishing of periodical articles in full text, with particular reference to the experiences of Elsevier Science. Distinguishes between 4 types of full text electronic publishing: bibliographic data, for example CAPCAS, with SGML type electronic bibliographic records for articles in Elsevier journals; electronic access to an existing periodical on a single title basis, similar to the way in which Elsevier provides access to articles in the well established printed periodical Nuclear Physics; enhancement of an existing periodical through expanded hypertext links, in the same way that Immunology Today Online is provided with value added features impossible to emulate in a printed periodical; and the TULIP model, an Elsevier initiative which enables large scale full text document delivery of electronic periodicals via unedited ASCII full text created by OCR and cover to cover 300 dpi bitmapped page images. Pays tribute to other initiatives in the field, including: document delivery services such as UnCover and the British Library's Inside Information; Digital Libraries Initiative; Informedia Digital Video Library Project; Stanford Integrated Digital Library Project; California University at Berkeley Digital Library Project and Alexandria Digital Library Project. Discusses the future of the information and publishing industries in the light of these developments, noting the implications and problems likely to be encountered and the opportunities for new, multimedia publications
-
Gomez, J.: ¬A cataloger's workstation : using a NeXT computer and Digital Librarian software to access the Anglo-American Cataloguing Rules (1993)
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- Abstract
- Describes a project aimed at adapting a NeXT computer as a cataloguing workstation and employing a magneto optical disc as storage medium and Digital Librarian software. The workstation was evaluated by loading the floppy disc version of AACR2, supplied by the American Library Association, onto the magneto optical disc and running the workstation for 3 months with 6 cataloguers
- Source
- Library resources and technical services. 37(1993) no.1, S.87-95
-
Crane, G.: ¬The Perseus Project and beyond : how building a digital library challenges the humanities and technology (1998)
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- Abstract
- For more than ten years, the Perseus Project has been developing a digital library in the humanities. Initial work concentrated exclusively on ancient Greek culture, using this domain as a case study for a compact, densely hypertextual library on a single, but interdisciplinary, subject. Since it has achieved its initial goals with the Greek materials, however, Perseus is using the existing library to study the new possibilities (and limitations) of the electronic medium and to serve as the foundation for work in new cultural domains: Perseus has begun coverage of Roman and now Renaissance materials, with plans for expansion into other areas of the humanities as well. Our goal is not only to help traditional scholars conduct their research more effectively but, more importantly, to help humanists use the technology to redefine the relationship between their work and the broader intellectual community.
- Object
- Perseus Project
-
Davies-Brown, B.; Williamson, D.: Cataloging at the Library of Congress in the digital age (1996)
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- Abstract
- The Library of Congress is participating in a number of initiatives to explore issues surrounding description and cataloging of digital materials. Additionally, programs have been written by LC staff which enable electronic enhancements in cataloging activities, such as the receipt of online information from publishers in the Electronic CIP Program. This paper is both an overview of the status of cataloging-related digital projects at LC and a description of software which facilitates productivity through the provision of advanced search capabilities and the elimination of repetitive keying.
- Series
- Cataloging and classification quarterly; vol.22, nos.3/4
-
Davis-Brown, B.; Williamson, D.: Cataloging at the Library of Congress in the digital age (1996)
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- Abstract
- The Library of Congress is participating in a number of initiatives to explore issues surrounding description and cataloging of digital materials. Addtionally, programs have been written by LC staff which enable electronic enhancements in cataloging activities, such as the receipt of online information from publishers in the Electronic CIP Program. This paper is both an overview of the status of cataloging-related digital projects at LC and a description of software which facilitates productivity through the provision of software which facilitates productivity through the provision of advanced search capabilities and the elimination of repetitive keying.
- Source
- Cataloging and classification quarterly. 22(1996) nos.3/4, S.171-196
-
Hill, L.L.; Zheng, Q.: Indirect geospatial referencing through place names in the digital library : Alexandra digital library experience with developing and implementing gazetteers (1999)
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- Abstract
- All types of information can be referenced to a geographic place. Maps, aerial photographs, and remote sensing images are spatially georeferenced. Other forms of information such as books, articles, research papers, pieces of music, and art are often linked to a geographic location through place names (geographic names). A gazetteer (a dictionary of geographic names) that is spatially referenced itself provides the bridge between these two types of georeferencing. With a georeferenced gazetteer translation service, a user can start with a geographic name and find information that is described with either geographic names or with geospatial coordinates. Use of this powerful indirect geospatially referencing tool can be applied as a common approach to libraries, bibliographic files, data centers, web resources, and museum and specimen collections and can be particular useful across language barriers since latitude and longitude coordinates are universally understood. The Alexandria Digital Library has implemented a gazetteer component for its georeferenced digital library. This experience resulted in the creation of a Gazetteer Content Standard, a Feature Type Thesaurus, and an operational interactive gazetteer service. This paper describes the development of these components and illustrates the use of this tool in a georeferenced digital library. It also relates progress in working with Federal agencies and others toward developing shareable gazetteer data through Digital Gazetteer Information Exchange programs
- Date
- 29. 9.2001 20:22:45
-
Larson, R.R.; Carson, C.: Information access for a digital library : Cheshire II and the Berkeley environment digital library (1999)
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- Abstract
- The Cheshire II system was originally developed to provide a bridge from conventional online library catalogs to full-text online resources. Recently we have begun using the system to implement full-text and fielded searching of bibliographic information for the UC Berkeley Digital Library Initiative project sponsored by NSF, NASA and ARPA. The Cheshire system is also being used to provide scalable performance for image querying using the "Blobworld" image representation. This paper will review the characteristics of the Cheshire II system and examine its performance and behavior when applied to a collection of large full-text documents in the TREC Interactive Retrieval Track and its performance in Blobworld image searching
-
Schössow, T.; Christoffersen, A.; Norlem, E.; Christensen, S.: Art in the children's library (1992)
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- Abstract
- Describes a project designed to integrate art into the children's library at Espergaerde in Denmark. Explains the aims of the project, principally to make the use of the library an artistic experience, and the 3 tasks the project was to fulfil: the redesign of the interior using artwork by local artists; a change from the traditional arrangement of fiction; and provision of workshop facilities for children to exercise their artistic inclinations. Details how these tasks were accopmplished and discusses the results of the project, stressing the renewed appreciation of art and the importance of passing that on to children
- Source
- Scandinavian public library quarterly. 25(1992) no.1, S.20-22
-
Wittbrock, M.J.; Hauptmann, A.G.: Speech recognition for a digital video library (1998)
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- Abstract
- The standard method for making the full content of audio and video material searchable is to annotate it with human-generated meta-data that describes the content in a way that search can understand, as is done in the creation of multimedia CD-ROMs. However, for the huge amounts of data that could usefully be included in digital video and audio libraries, the cost of producing the meta-data is prohibitive. In the Informedia Digital Video Library, the production of the meta-data supporting the library interface is automated using techniques derived from artificial intelligence (AI) research. By applying speech recognition together with natural language processing, information retrieval, and image analysis, an interface has been prduced that helps users locate the information they want, and navigate or browse the digital video library more effectively. Specific interface components include automatc titles, filmstrips, video skims, word location marking, and representative frames for shots. Both the user interface and the information retrieval engine within Informedia are designed for use with automatically derived meta-data, much of which depends on speech recognition for its production. Some experimental information retrieval results will be given, supporting a basic premise of the Informedia project: That speech recognition generated transcripts can make multimedia material searchable. The Informedia project emphasizes the integration of speech recognition, image processing, natural language processing, and information retrieval to compensate for deficiencies in these individual technologies
-
Arms, C.R.: ¬A new information infrastructure (1990)
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- Abstract
- Recommends that librarians apply their expertise to the changing world of information communication and adopt their services to the increasing exploration of cooperation and networking of computerised information services. Traces the development of Internet, BITNET and similar networks and outlines the proposal structure of a future Digital Library System.
- Source
- Online. 14(1990) no.5, S.15-22
-
Davies, C.: Future user issues for the networked multimedia electronic library (1998)
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- Abstract
- Focuses on 2 main themes: the diversification of the electronic library to encompass different material types anf formats, creating issues of integration as well as cataloguing and navigation; and the phenomenal growth of the WWW since the start of the ELINOR project, compelling most new projects to include an interface to the Web to some degree
- Imprint
- London : Bowker-Saur for British Library
- Series
- British Library Research and Innovation Centre (BLRIC) report; 22
- Source
- ELINOR: Electronic Library Project. Ed.: A. Ramsden
-
Purday, J.: ¬The British Library's initiatives for access (1994)
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- Abstract
- The British Library underlined its commitment to digital and networking technologies with the announcement of its Initiatives for Access programme: the intention of which is to make the library collection more available to users, including other libraries, visitors to the exhibtion galleries, and researchers in the reading rooms or off site. One of the first projects is the British Library Network OPAC, available to all JANET Internet sites. Other projects include a project at the Document Supply Centre to scan and index 50 top scientific periodicals, making information retrieval by users very rapid; and the digitization of manuscripts (Electronic Beowolf project) for dissemination and preservation
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Warner, B.F.; Barber, D.: Building the digital library : the University of Michigan's UMLib Text Project (1994)
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- Abstract
- Over the past decade, new data formats and new tools have emerged that hold the promise of greatly enhancing the resources available to scholars. The UMLib Text initiative is one of several evolving projects designed to provide expanded and/or enhanced access to electronic information resources for the University of Michigan community. Following a review of the history of this textual analysis project, its current status and continuing development are discussed in the context of the rapidly emerging electronic information environment on campus
