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  1. Gierke, B.: ¬Der Fachinformationsdienst Buch-, Bibliotheks- und Informationswissenschaft : eine Kurzvorstellung (2020) 0.01 
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    Abstract
    Im Rahmen des DFG Förderprogramms Fachinformationsdienste (FID) nahm der FID Buch- Bibliotheks- und Informationswissenschaft, eine Kooperation der Herzog August Bibliothek Wolfenbüttel und der Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig, im Oktober 2017 seine Arbeit auf. Ziel ist, die Spitzenversorgung mit Literatur für Wissenschaftlerinnen und Wissenschaftler dieser und angrenzenden Disziplinen sicher zu stellen. Dazu hat der FID BBI ein Discovery Tool entwickelt. Grundlage dafür ist die Open-Source-Software VuFind. Eine Herausforderung für den FID BBI ist die Auswertung unterschiedlichster Datenquellen, weil die Themengebiete des FID BBI sehr weit gefächert sind. Das Portal bietet einen schnellen Rechercheeinstieg. Es ist aber auch möglich komplexere Suchanfragen zu stellen. Der Kontakt zu der wissenschaftlichen Gemeinschaft, die der FID BBI bedient, hat große Priorität, um die Ziele, die von der Deutschen Forschungsgemeinschaft gesetzt wurden, zu erfüllen. Ein erster Kontakt kann über das Nachweisportal hergestellt werden: https://katalog.fid-bbi.de.
  2. Bredemeier, W.: Podiumsdiskussion "Zukunft wissenschaftlicher Bibliotheken?!" : Mit provokanten Thesen an neues Format angepasst (2020) 0.01 
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    Content
    These 3: Citizen Science: Die breite Öffentlichkeit als wichtige Zielgruppe für Wissenschaftliche Bibliotheken? Bibliotheken sollten Bürger befähigen, wissenschaftlichen Prozess zu verstehen Bei Citizen Science sind zwei Aspekte zu unterscheiden: die Bürger an der Forschung zu beteiligen (beispielsweise mit dem Sammeln von Daten), auf dass sie selbst einen Mehrwert für die Entwicklung neuer bibliothekarischer Methoden zu schaffen - die Bürger an die Wissenschaft heranzuführen und Verständnis für diese zu vermitteln. Dabei sollte die Bibliothek als Ansprechpartner für belastbares Wissen, für Evidenzbasierung und gute Empirie fungieren. Sie hat die Fragen zu beantworten: Welches Wissen ist vertrauenswürdig und unter welchen Vorussetzungen kann ich ein bestimmtes Wissen nutzen? Dies ist eine Kernaufgabe nicht jeder einzelnen wissenschaftlichen Bibliothek, aber der wissenschaftlichen Bibliotheken insgesamt (Nelle).
    These 4: Wissenschaftliche Bibliotheken und Privatwirtschaft: Notwendig, sinnvoll oder verwerflich? Keiner der Referenten sah die Zusammenarbeit zwischen Wissenschaft und Wirtschaft als verwerflich an, aber in jedem Statement wurden mögliche Gefahren und Problematiken einer solchen Zusammenarbeit betont. Wissenschaft und Gesellschaft sollten sich in einen interaktiven Austausch zum wechselseitigen Vorteil begeben und die Wirtschaft ist ein wesentlicher Teil der Gesellschaft. Allerdings kommt es auf die Setzung geeigneter Rahmenbedingungen an. Die Wissenschaft darf sich nicht in einseitige Abhängigkeiten begeben. Zudem hat die Bibliothek ihr Wissen nach vielen Seiten zur Verfügung zu stellen (Nelle). Anne Christensen, die sich erst vor fünf Monaten aus einer wissenschaftlichen Bibliothek in die Privatwirtschaft begeben hatte, machte bereits die Erfahrung, dass sie nicht mehr uneingeschränkt Teil der Bibliotheksgemeinschaft ist, schon weil sie das Privileg verloren hat, keine Umsätze machen zu müssen. Große private Anbieter wie EBSCO haben wichtigen Projekten einen großen Schub gegeben, weniger wegen ihres Know hows, sondern weil sie anders als die beteiligten wissenschaftlichen Bibliotheken über ausreichende Entwicklungsressourcen geboten. Aber die Bibliotheken müssen in jedem Fall ihre Unabhängigkeit bewahren und die Hoheit über die eigenen Daten und Dienste behalten (Christensen).
  3. Franke-Maier, M.; Beck, C.; Kasprzik, A.; Maas, J.F.; Pielmeier, S.; Wiesenmüller, H: ¬Ein Feuerwerk an Algorithmen und der Startschuss zur Bildung eines Kompetenznetzwerks für maschinelle Erschließung : Bericht zur Fachtagung Netzwerk maschinelle Erschließung an der Deutschen Nationalbibliothek am 10. und 11. Oktober 2019 (2020) 0.01 
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    Abstract
    Am 10. und 11. Oktober 2019 trafen sich rund 100 Vertreterinnen und Vertreter aus Bibliothek, Wissenschaft und Wirtschaft an der Deutschen Nationalbibliothek (DNB) in Frankfurt am Main zu einer Fachtagung über das derzeitige Trend-Thema "maschinelle Erschließung". Ziel der Veranstaltung war die "Betrachtung unterschiedlicher Anwendungsbereiche maschineller Textanalyse" sowie die Initiation eines Dialogs zu Technologien für die maschinelle Textanalyse, Aufgabenstellungen, Erfahrungen und den Herausforderungen, die maschinelle Verfahren nach sich ziehen. Hintergrund ist der Auftrag des Standardisierungsausschusses an die DNB, regelmäßig einschlägige Tagungen durchzuführen, aus denen "perspektivisch ein Kompetenznetzwerk für die maschinelle Erschließung entsteh[t]".
  4. Lackner, K.; Schilhan, L.: ¬Der Einzug der EDV im österreichischen Bibliothekswesen am Beispiel der Universitätsbibliothek Graz (2022) 0.01 
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    Abstract
    Durch den Einsatz von EDV-Systemen kam es ab den 1970er Jahren zu einem radikalen Wandel in der Benutzung und Verwaltung von Universitätsbibliotheken. Die Universitätsbibliothek Graz war die erste Bibliothek in Österreich, die ein elektronisches Bibliothekssystem entwickelte und einsetzte, womit sie zu den Vorreitern in Europa zählte. Dieser Artikel liefert einen historischen Überblick über die Anfänge, die Entwicklung und Verbreitung der elektronischen Bibliothekssysteme im Allgemeinen sowie an der Universitätsbibliothek Graz im Speziellen. Vorgestellt werden die im Lauf der Jahrzehnte an der UB Graz eingesetzten Bibliothekssysteme GRIBS, EMILE, FBInfo, BIBOS, ALEPH und ALMA sowie die Entwicklung von den ersten Online- über die CD-ROM-Datenbanken bis hin zum modernen Datenbank-Retrieval.
  5. Bärnreuther, K.: Informationskompetenz-Vermittlung für Schulklassen mit Wikipedia und dem Framework Informationskompetenz in der Hochschulbildung (2021) 0.01 
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    Date
    30. 6.2021 16:29:52
    Source
    o-bib: Das offene Bibliotheksjournal. 8(2021) Nr.2, S.1-22
  6. Hertzum, M.: Information seeking by experimentation : trying something out to discover what happens (2023) 0.01 
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    Date
    21. 3.2023 19:22:29
  7. Burgess, S.; Parker, C.M.; Bingley, S.: Mapping the online presence of small local sporting clubs (2021) 0.01 
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    Abstract
    The contribution of local ("grassroots") sporting clubs to their economies amounts to billions of dollars. These clubs typically rely on volunteers who use Internet platforms (such as websites and social media) to support their roles. Use of the Internet can assist these volunteers by facilitating improved information access, communication, and efficiency. Little is known about how local sporting clubs use this important information systems' function. This study extends Burgess' (2016) web presence pyramid model to examine factors leading to differences in Internet use by athletics and cricket clubs in the United Kingdom and Australia. The findings suggest that higher adoption levels of websites set up by clubs and social media and more sophisticated Internet usage are apparent in "upper" level (or well-resourced) local clubs than in "lower" level clubs, but with some important variations (such as interventions by sport governing bodies) that may assist smaller clubs to adopt online platforms. Guidance on using the extended model in other contexts is offered, as is advice for clubs and sporting associations looking to improve their use of Internet platforms.
  8. Meineck, S.: Gesichter-Suchmaschine PimEyes bricht das Schweigen : Neuer Chef (2022) 0.01 
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    Abstract
    PimEyes untergräbt die Anonymität von Menschen, deren Gesicht im Internet zu finden ist. Nach breiter Kritik hatte sich die polnische Suchmaschine auf die Seychellen abgesetzt. Jetzt hat PimEyes einen neuen Chef - und geht an die Öfffentlichkeit.
  9. dpa: ¬Das sind die besten Google-Alternativen (2023) 0.01 
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    Abstract
    Wer nicht möchte, dass seine oder ihre Daten beim Surfen im Internet gesammelt werden, muss sich nach anderen Suchmaschinen umsehen. Die arbeiten auch gut - teils sogar mit künstlicher Intelligenz.
  10. Ogden, J.; Summers, E.; Walker, S.: Know(ing) Infrastructure : the wayback machine as object and instrument of digital research (2023) 0.01 
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    Abstract
    From documenting human rights abuses to studying online advertising, web archives are increasingly positioned as critical resources for a broad range of scholarly Internet research agendas. In this article, we reflect on the motivations and methodological challenges of investigating the world's largest web archive, the Internet Archive's Wayback Machine (IAWM). Using a mixed methods approach, we report on a pilot project centred around documenting the inner workings of 'Save Page Now' (SPN) - an Internet Archive tool that allows users to initiate the creation and storage of 'snapshots' of web resources. By improving our understanding of SPN and its role in shaping the IAWM, this work examines how the public tool is being used to 'save the Web' and highlights the challenges of operationalising a study of the dynamic sociotechnical processes supporting this knowledge infrastructure. Inspired by existing Science and Technology Studies (STS) approaches, the paper charts our development of methodological interventions to support an interdisciplinary investigation of SPN, including: ethnographic methods, 'experimental blackbox tactics', data tracing, modelling and documentary research. We discuss the opportunities and limitations of our methodology when interfacing with issues associated with temporality, scale and visibility, as well as critically engage with our own positionality in the research process (in terms of expertise and access). We conclude with reflections on the implications of digital STS approaches for 'knowing infrastructure', where the use of these infrastructures is unavoidably intertwined with our ability to study the situated and material arrangements of their creation.
    Object
    Internet Archive Wayback Machine
  11. Liu, J.; Zhao, J.: More than plain text : censorship deletion in the Chinese social media (2021) 0.01 
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    Abstract
    Although the Internet allows people to circulate messages using different media, most censorship studies discuss the removal of text content. This article presents a systematic study regarding the censorship of both plain text and multimedia content on the Chinese Internet. By analyzing both censored and surviving posts on the Chinese social media platform Weibo during the 2014 Hong Kong Umbrella Movement, we find that multimedia posts suffered more intensive censorship deletion than plain text posts, with censorship programs being oriented more toward multimedia content like images than the text content of multimedia posts. Our analysis has significant implications for censorship studies, information control, and politics in the "post-text" era.
  12. Auer, S.; Oelen, A.; Haris, A.M.; Stocker, M.; D'Souza, J.; Farfar, K.E.; Vogt, L.; Prinz, M.; Wiens, V.; Jaradeh, M.Y.: Improving access to scientific literature with knowledge graphs : an experiment using library guidelines to judge information integrity (2020) 0.01 
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    Source
    Bibliothek: Forschung und Praxis. 44(2020) H.3, S.516-529
  13. Thelwall, M.; Thelwall, S.: ¬A thematic analysis of highly retweeted early COVID-19 tweets : consensus, information, dissent and lockdown life (2020) 0.01 
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    Abstract
    Purpose Public attitudes towards COVID-19 and social distancing are critical in reducing its spread. It is therefore important to understand public reactions and information dissemination in all major forms, including on social media. This article investigates important issues reflected on Twitter in the early stages of the public reaction to COVID-19. Design/methodology/approach A thematic analysis of the most retweeted English-language tweets mentioning COVID-19 during March 10-29, 2020. Findings The main themes identified for the 87 qualifying tweets accounting for 14 million retweets were: lockdown life; attitude towards social restrictions; politics; safety messages; people with COVID-19; support for key workers; work; and COVID-19 facts/news. Research limitations/implications Twitter played many positive roles, mainly through unofficial tweets. Users shared social distancing information, helped build support for social distancing, criticised government responses, expressed support for key workers and helped each other cope with social isolation. A few popular tweets not supporting social distancing show that government messages sometimes failed. Practical implications Public health campaigns in future may consider encouraging grass roots social web activity to support campaign goals. At a methodological level, analysing retweet counts emphasised politics and ignored practical implementation issues. Originality/value This is the first qualitative analysis of general COVID-19-related retweeting.
    Date
    20. 1.2015 18:30:22
  14. Barité, M.; Parentelli, V.; Rodríguez Casaballe, N.; Suárez, M.V.: Interdisciplinarity and postgraduate teaching of knowledge organization (KO) : elements for a necessary dialogue (2023) 0.01 
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    Abstract
    Interdisciplinarity implies the previous existence of disciplinary fields and not their dissolution. As a general objective, we propose to establish an initial approach to the emphasis given to interdisciplinarity in the teaching of KO, through the teaching staff responsible for postgraduate courses focused on -or related to the KO, in Ibero-American universities. For conducting the research, the framework and distribution of a survey addressed to teachers is proposed, based on four lines of action: 1. The way teachers manage the concept of interdisciplinarity. 2. The place that teachers give to interdisciplinarity in KO. 3. Assessment of interdisciplinary content that teachers incorporate into their postgraduate courses. 4. Set of teaching strategies and resources used by teachers to include interdisciplinarity in the teaching of KO. The study analyzed 22 responses. Preliminary results show that KO teachers recognize the influence of other disciplines in concepts, theories, methods, and applications, but no consensus has been reached regarding which disciplines and authors are the ones who build interdisciplinary bridges. Among other conclusions, the study strongly suggests that environmental and social tensions are reflected in subject representation, especially in the construction of friendly knowl­edge organization systems with interdisciplinary visions, and in the expressions through which information is sought.
    Date
    20.11.2023 17:29:13
  15. DeSilva, J.M.; Traniello, J.F.A.; Claxton, A.G.; Fannin, L.D.: When and why did human brains decrease in size? : a new change-point analysis and insights from brain evolution in ants (2021) 0.01 
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    Footnote
    Vgl. auch: Rötzer, F.: Warum schrumpft das Gehirn des Menschen seit ein paar Tausend Jahren? Unter: https://krass-und-konkret.de/wissenschaft-technik/warum-schrumpft-das-gehirn-des-menschen-seit-ein-paar-tausend-jahren/. "... seit einigen tausend Jahren - manche sagen seit 10.000 Jahren -, also nach dem Beginn der Landwirtschaft, der Sesshaftigkeit und der Stadtgründungen sowie der Erfindung der Schrift schrumpfte das menschliche Gehirn überraschenderweise wieder. ... Allgemein wird davon ausgegangen, dass mit den ersten Werkzeugen und vor allem beginnend mit der Erfindung der Schrift kognitive Funktionen, vor allem das Gedächtnis externalisiert wurden, allerdings um den Preis, neue Kapazitäten entwickeln zu müssen, beispielsweise Lesen und Schreiben. Gedächtnis beinhaltet individuelle Erfahrungen, aber auch kollektives Wissen, an dem alle Mitglieder einer Gemeinschaft mitwirken und in das das Wissen sowie die Erfahrungen der Vorfahren eingeschrieben sind. Im digitalen Zeitalter ist die Externalisierung und Entlastung der Gehirne noch sehr viel weitgehender, weil etwa mit KI nicht nur Wissensinhalte, sondern auch kognitive Fähigkeiten wie das Suchen, Sammeln, Analysieren und Auswerten von Informationen zur Entscheidungsfindung externalisiert werden, während die externalisierten Gehirne wie das Internet kollektiv in Echtzeit lernen und sich erweitern. Über Neuimplantate könnten schließlich Menschen direkt an die externalisierten Gehirne angeschlossen werden, aber auch direkt ihre kognitiven Kapazitäten erweitern, indem Prothesen, neue Sensoren oder Maschinen/Roboter auch in der Ferne in den ergänzten Körper der Gehirne aufgenommen werden.
    Source
    Frontiers in ecology and evolution, 22 October 2021 [https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fevo.2021.742639/full]
  16. Nori, R.: Web searching and navigation : age, intelligence, and familiarity (2020) 0.01 
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    Abstract
    In using the Internet to solve everyday problems, older adults tend to find fewer correct answers compared to younger adults. Some authors have argued that these differences could be explained by age-related decline. The present study aimed to analyze the relationship between web-searching navigation and users' age, considering the Intelligence Quotient (IQ) and frequency of Internet and personal computer use. The intent was to identify differences due to age and not to other variables (that is, cognitive decline, expertise with the tool). Eighteen students (18-30?years) and 18 older adults (60-75?years) took part in the experiment. Inclusion criteria were the frequent use of computers and a web-searching activity; the older adults performed the Mini-Mental State Examination to exclude cognitive impairment. Participants were requested to perform the Kaufman Brief Intelligence Test 2nd ed. to measure their IQ level, and nine everyday web-searching tasks of differing complexity. The results showed that older participants spent more time on solving tasks than younger participants, but with the same accuracy as young people. Furthermore, nonverbal IQ improved performance in terms of time among the older participants. Age did not influence web-searching behavior in users with normal expertise and intelligence.
    Theme
    Internet
  17. Choi, W.: Older adults' credibility assessment of online health information : an exploratory study using an extended typology of web credibility (2020) 0.01 
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    Abstract
    Credibility assessment is a crucial component in the process of people's health information seeking, especially in the web context. Finding "credible" health information from a plethora of information on the web may be more challenging for older adults, who have relatively less experience with the Internet. This article reports on the findings of an exploratory study of older adults' credibility assessments of online health information. The data collected through semistructured interviews with 21 older adult Internet users in the United States were analyzed based on the extended typology of web credibility (Choi & Stvilia, 2015, Journal of the Association for Information Science and Technology, 66, 2399-2414). The findings of the study revealed that older adults paid closer attention to operator-related credibility cues and heuristics when judging the credibility of health information on the web, followed by content- and design-related ones. Also, the findings suggest that participants who were younger and used the Internet more frequently employed a wider variety of cues and heuristics to evaluate the credibility of online health information. Based on these findings, both theoretical and practical implications of the research and future research directions are discussed.
  18. Çetta, D.; Griesbaum, J.; Montanari, E.G.; Mandl, T.: Selbstbestimmt durch Informationskompetenz (2021) 0.01 
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    Abstract
    Das Internet verändert die Informationswelt und Gesellschaft. Es bietet zum einen umfassenden Zugriff auf Informationen, zugleich stellt es einen komplexen, interessengesteuerten und teilweise intransparenten Informationsraum dar. Die Menge an verfügbaren Informationen nimmt stetig zu, was auch daran liegt, dass Informationen von jeder Person mühelos ins Netz gestellt werden können. So gelangen auch ungeprüfte Informationen in Umlauf, was wiederum die Bewertung und Bestimmung der Glaubwürdigkeit von Informationen erschwert. Das Internet macht es einfach, Fake News und Desinformation zu verbreiten. Im privaten Bereich haben Nutzer_innen es mit Phishing- oder Spammails, falschen Online-Shops oder irreführenden Gesundheitsinformationen zu tun. Im aktuellen Corona-Kontext kursieren diverse Falschinformationen zu gesundheitsbezogenen Themen. Kurz: Das Internet ist eine fordernde Informationsumwelt. Eine Informationsumwelt, die Nutzer_innen auch überfordern kann. Verfügt man nicht über hinreichende Informationskompetenz so läuft man Gefahr sich manipulieren zu lassen und sich dabei noch für informiert zu halten.
  19. Dhillon, P.; Singh, M.: ¬An extended ontology model for trust evaluation using advanced hybrid ontology (2023) 0.01 
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    Abstract
    In the blooming area of Internet technology, the concept of Internet-of-Things (IoT) holds a distinct position that interconnects a large number of smart objects. In the context of social IoT (SIoT), the argument of trust and reliability is evaluated in the presented work. The proposed framework is divided into two blocks, namely Verification Block (VB) and Evaluation Block (EB). VB defines various ontology-based relationships computed for the objects that reflect the security and trustworthiness of an accessed service. While, EB is used for the feedback analysis and proves to be a valuable step that computes and governs the success rate of the service. Support vector machine (SVM) is applied to categorise the trust-based evaluation. The security aspect of the proposed approach is comparatively evaluated for DDoS and malware attacks in terms of success rate, trustworthiness and execution time. The proposed secure ontology-based framework provides better performance compared with existing architectures.
  20. Barthel, J.; Ciesielski, R.: Regeln zu ChatGPT an Unis oft unklar : KI in der Bildung (2023) 0.01 
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    Date
    29. 3.2023 13:23:26
    29. 3.2023 13:29:19

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