Search (243 results, page 12 of 13)

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Content

Enthält u.a. folgende Aussage von J. Aitchison u. S. Dextre Clarke: "We face a paradox. Ostensibly, the need and the opportunity to apply thesauri to information retrieval are greater than ever before. On the other hand, users resist most efforts to persuade them to apply one. The drive for interoperability of systems means we must design our vocabularies for easy integration into downstream applications such as content management systems, indexing/metatagging interfaces, search engines, and portals. Summarizing the search for vocabularies that work more intuitively, we see that there are trends working in opposite directions. In the hugely popular taxonomies an the one hand, relationships between terms are more loosely defined than in thesauri. In the ontologies that will support computer-to-computer communications in AI applications such as the Semantic Web, we see the need for much more precisely defined term relationships."

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Content

5. Verschlagwortung / Indexing J. Ahuja: Understanding the past and present of Knowledge Organization to create the futuristic KO tools - M. Frické: Logic and Librarianship - E. Scheven: Die neue Thesaurusnorm ISO 25964 und die GND - W. Babik: Keywords as Linguistic Tools in Information and Knowledge Organization - J. Szulc: Document Management in the the Polish Central Catalogues 6. Wissensökonomie / Economics of Knowledge H. P. Ohly: Organization, Management and Engineering of Knowledge - W. Babik: The Internet as the Present-Day Agora of Information and Knowledge - D. Pietruch-Reizes: Transfer of knowledge and new technologies from science to the economy - M. Jabloun, Y. Sayeb, H. Ben Ghezala: From EA to Actor Model: Knowledge in the service of IS Reform

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Classification

025.3/071 22

DDC

025.3/071 22

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Date

20. 1.2018 20:22:16

Footnote

Die letzten beiden Teile des Kongressbandes behandeln die Möglichkeiten der Bibliometrie zum Handling des sich explosionsartig vermehrenden Wissens sowie der Einsatz solcher Technologien als Trenderkennungssystem. Zuletzt behandelt ein Artikel die Evaluation der Helmholtz-Einrichtungen. Am Schluss befindet sich noch ein sechsseitiges Register, das sehr hilfreich und für einen Kongressband keineswegs selbstverständlich ist. Vielleicht sollte noch auf den als Einleitung abgedruckten, überaus lesenswerten Festvortrag von Ernst Pöppel, Professor für medizinische Psychologie aus München, hingewiesen werden, der die verschiedenen Formen des Wissens allgemeinverständlich aus Sicht der Hirnforschung darstellt. Hervorzuheben ist noch, dass die Publikation kostenlos über den Publikationsserver des FZ Jülich bezogen werden kann, eine Tatsache, die sich offensichtlich nicht herumgesprochen hat, da bei einer Suche über den Karlsruher Virtuellen Katalog (Stand: 22. April 2008) dieses »Exemplar« nicht gefunden wurde. Als höchstes der Gefühle bietet der Südwestverbund bei »elektronische Referenz« einen Link auf das Inhaltsverzeichnis. Vielleicht erbarmt sich pro Verbund jemand und nimmt die elektronische Version auf."

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Date

24. 3.2008 12:22:52

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Footnote

Rez. in ZfBB 51(2004) H.1, S.54-55 (G. Pflug): "Unter dem wachsenden Einfluss der Informationstechnologie auf den Bibliotheksbereich nimmt die Katalogisierung eine Schlüsselstellung ein. Das vorliegende Werk gliedert sich in zwei Teile. Der erste Abschnitt ist mit »National Libraries« überschrieben, befasst sich jedoch nur mit der Library of Congress und der National Library of Canada. Ihm folgen Artikel über »Libraries around the world«. Dabei fälltjedoch auf, dass diese Studien zwar Bibliotheken in Großbritannien, Australien, Mittel- und Südamerika und selbst Afrika (Botswana) behandeln, nicht jedoch aus Kontinentaleuropa, trotz entsprechender Aktivitäten etwa in den Niederlanden, in Frankreich oder den deutschsprachigen Ländern. Nur DOBIS/LIBIS wird erwähnt, aber nur, weil es für kurze Zeit die kanadische Entwicklung beeinflusst hat. Im zweiten Teil kommen Katalogisierungsfachleute aus vier Spezial- und neun akademischen Bibliotheken - ausschließlich aus Nordamerika und Großbritannien - zu Wort. So enthält das Werk in 22 Beispielen Berichte über individuelle und regionale Lösungen. Dabei steht die Frage im Vordergrund, zu welchen Änderungen in der Katalogisierungs- und Sacherschließungspraxis die neuen elektronischen Techniken geführt haben. So streben z.B. die englischen Hochschulbibliotheken ein koordiniertes System an. Mit dem Übergang der British Library zu MARC 21 wird das Katalogsystem in Großbritannien nachhaltig beeinflusst - um nur zwei nahe liegende Beispiele zu nennen. Insgesamt werden drei Aspekte behandelt, die Automatisierungstechnik; die dabei einzusetzende Kooperation und das Outsourcing - nicht nur durch Übernahme von Daten anderer Bibliotheken oder durch Verbundsysteme, vor allem der Library of Congress, sondern auch durch Buchhandelsfirmen wie Blackwell North America Authority Control Service. In der Frage der Sacherschließung befassen sich die Beiträge mit den im amerikanischen Bereich üblichen Klassifikationssystemen, vor allem der Colon Classification, Dewey in seinen beiden Formen oder der Library of Congress Classification. Für die deutsche Diskussion sind diese Aspekte vor allem wegen des Übergangs der Deutschen Bibliothek in ihrer Nationalbibliografie zur DDC von großem Interesse (vgl. Magda Heiner-Freiling: Die DDC in der Deutschen Nationalbibliografie. In Dialog mit Bibliotheken. 15. 2003, Nr. 3, S. 8-13). Doch stellen auch die unterschiedlichen Überlegungen zur alphabetischen Katalogisierung, verbunden mit den da zugehörigen Datenbanken, einen interessanten Beitrag zur augenblicklichen Diskussion in Deutschland dar, da auch hier seit einigen Jahren die Katalogisierung nach RAK und ihre Ablösung eine lebhafte Diskussion ausgelöst hat, wie unter anderem der zusammenfassende Beitrag von Elisabeth Niggemann in: Dialog mit Bibliotheken (15. 2003, Nr. 2, S. 4-8) zeigt. Auch die angloamerikanischen und die mit ihnen zum Beispiel in Mexiko, Südamerika oder Australien verbundenen Bibliotheken - das zeigt das Buch deutlich - diskutieren die Frage der alphabetischen Katalogisierung kontrovers. So werden z.B. neben den dominanten AACR-Regeln mit ihrer Weiterentwicklung mehr als zehn andere Katalogisierungssysteme und rund 20 Online-Datenbanken behandelt. Damit liefert das Buch für die Diskussion in Deutschland und die anstehenden Entscheidungen in seiner Grundtendenz wie in den unterschiedlichen-auch widersprüchlichen-Aspekten dereinzelnen Beiträge wertvolle Anregungen."

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Date

22. 2.2008 14:05:48

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Content

Enthält die Beiträge: Rebecca GREEN: Conceptual Universals in Knowledge Organization and Representation; 1. Theoretical Models and Universals in Knowledge Organization and Representation Jack ANDERSEN: Ascribing Cognitive Authority to Scholarly Documents an the (Possible) Role of Knowledge Organization in Scholarly Communication; Elin K. JACOB: Augmenting Human Capabilities: Classification as Cognitive Scaffolding; Clare BEGHTOL: Universal Concepts, Cultural Warrant and Cultural Hospitality; Maria Nélida GONZÁLEZ DE GÓMEZ: Knowledge, Communication, Information: Intersubject Links Institutional and Technological Mediations in Information; Joe TENNIS: Subject Ontogeny: Subject Access Through Time and the Dimensionality of Classification; 2. Epistemological Foundations for Knowledge Structures and Analysis Nuno SILVA and Joáo ROCHA: Merging Ontologies Using a Bottom-Up Lexical and Structural Approach; Giliola NEGRINI and Patrizia ZOZI: Ontological Analysis of the Literary Work of Art; Jarmo SAARTI: The Analysis of the Information Process of Fiction: a Holistic Approach to Information Processing; N.Y. KOBASHI, J.W. SMIT and M. de F.G.M. TÁLAMO: Constitution of the Scientific Domain of Information Science; 3. Models and Methods for Knowledge Representation Anita COLEMAN: A Classification of Models; Gian Piero ZARRI: Indexing and Querying of Narrative Documents, a Knowledge Representation Approach: Jeremy J. SHAPIRO: Interdisciplinary Knowledge Integration and Intellectual Creativity; Rahmatollah FATTAHI and Mehri PARIROKH: Restructuring the Bibliographic Record for Better Organization, Management, and Representation of Knowledge in the Global Online Environment: a New Approach; Devika P. MADALLI and A.R.D. PRASSAD: Vyasa: a Knowledge Representation System for Automatic Maintenance of Analytico-Synthetic Scheme; Catalina NAUMIS PENA: Images and Words; 4. Models and Methods for Knowledge Organization. Tools and Systems Maria Ines CORDEIRO and Aida SLAVIC: Data Models for Knowledge Organization Tools: Evolution and Perspectives; Vanda BROUGHTON: Facet Analytical Theory as a Basis for Knowledge Oganization Tool in a Subject Portal; Stella G DEXTRE CLARKE: Planning Controlled Vocabularies for the Uk Public; Sector Widad MUSTAFA el HADI: Terminology & Information Retrieval: New Tools for New Needs. Integration of Knowledge Across Boundaries; Hur-Li LEE and Allyson CARLYLE: Academic Library Gateways to Online Information: a Taxonomy of Organizational Structures; 5. Models and Methods for Knowledge Organization and Retrieval Gerhard J.A. RIESTHUIS and Maja ZUMER: The Functional Requirements for Bibliographic Records and Knowledge Organization; Rochelle KEDAR and Snunith SHOHAM: The Subject Cataloging Of Monographs With The Use Of a Thesaurus; Ana PÉREZ LÓPEZ, Mercedes DE LA MONEDA and Ángel MOROS RAMÍREZ: Application of the Cantor set Theory in Making Decision about the Collection Development; Hemalata IYER and Jeanne M. KEEFE: The WordNet as an Auxiliary Resource To Search Visual Image Database In Architecture; Douglas TUDHOPE, Ceri BINDING, Dorothee BLOCKS and Daniel CUNLIFFE: Representation and Retrieval in Faceted Systems;
15. Integration of Knowledge in Multicultural Domain-Oriented and General.(Part II) Richard P. SMIRAGLIA: Crossing Cultural Boundaries: Perspectives an the Popularity of Works; A. NEELAMEGHAN and Hemalata IYER: Some Patterns of Information Presentation, Organization and Indexing for communication Across Cultures and Faiths; Maria Odaisa ESPINHEIRO DE OLIVEIRA: Knowledge Representation from Amazonian Narratives; Evelyn Goyanes Dill ORRICO: Metaphorical Representations of the Thematic Identity of Social Groups in the Assistance of Information Retrieval 16. Applications of Artificial Intelligence Techniques to Information Retrieval (Part III) F. MARTÍNEZ, M.T. MARTIN, V. M. RIVAS, M.C. DÍAZ and L.A. URENA: Using Neural Networks for Multiword Recognition in IR; E. PEIS, E. HERRERA-VIEDMA, J.C. HERRERA: On the Evaluation of XML Documents Using Fuzzy Linguistic Techniques; V.P. GUERRERO, C. LÓPEZ-PUJALTE, C. FABA, M.J. REYES, F. ZAPICO and F. de MOYA-ANEGÓN: Artificial Neural Networks Applied to Information Retrieval; I. BLANCO, M.J. MARTÍN-BAUTISTA, D. SÁNCHEZ, A. VILA: Fuzzy Logic for Measuring Information Retrieval Effectiviness

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Footnote

Tennant's collection covers a variety of well- and lesser-known XML-based pilot and prototype projects undertaken by libraries around the world. Some of the projects included are: Stanford's XMLMARC conversion, Oregon State's use of XML in interlibrary loaning, e-books (California Digital Library) and electronic scholarly publishing (University of Michigan), the Washington Research Library Consortium's XML-based Web Services, and using TEI Lite to support indexing (Halton Hills Public Library). Of the 13 projects presented, nine are sited in academe, three are state library endeavors, and one is an American public library initiative. The projects are gathered into sections grouped by seven library applications: the use of XML in library catalog records, interlibrary loan, cataloging and indexing, collection building, databases, data migration, and systems interoperability. Each project is introduced with a few paragraphs of background information. The project reports-averaging about 13 pages each-include project goals and justification, project description, challenges and lessons learned (successes and failures), future plans, implications of the work, contact information for individual(s) responsible for the project, and relevant Web links and resources. The clear strengths of this collection are in the details and the consistency of presentation. The concise project write-ups flow well and encourage interested readers to follow-up via personal contacts and URLs. The sole weakness is the price. XML in Libraries will excite and inspire institutions and organizations with technically adept staff resources and visionary leaders. Erik Ray has written a how-to book. Unlike most, Learning XML is not aimed at the professional programming community. The intended audience is readers familiar with a structured markup (HTML, TEX, etc.) and Web concepts (hypertext links, data representation). In the first six chapters, Ray introduces XMUs main concepts and tools for writing, viewing, testing, and transforming XML (chapter 1), describes basic syntax (chapter 2), discusses linking with XLink and XPointer (chapter 3), introduces Cascading Style Sheets for use with XML (chapter 4), explains document type definitions (DTDs) and schemas (chapter 5), and covers XSLT stylesheets and XPath (chapter 6). Chapter 7 introduces Unicode, internationalization and language support, including CSS and XSLT encoding. Chapter 8 is an overview of writing software for processing XML, and includes the Perl code for an XML syntax checker. This work is written very accessibly for nonprogrammers. Writers, designers, and students just starting to acquire Web technology skills will find Ray's style approachable. Concepts are introduced in a logical flow, and explained clearly. Code samples (130+), illustrations and screen shots (50+), and numerous tables are distributed throughout the text. Ray uses a modified DocBook DTD and a checkbook example throughout, introducing concepts in early chapters and adding new concepts to them. Readers become familiar with the code and its evolution through repeated exposure. The code for converting the "barebones DocBook" DTD (10 pages of code) to HTML via XSLT stylesheet occupies 19 pages. Both code examples allow the learner to sec an accumulation of snippets incorporated into a sensible whole. While experienced programmers might not need this type of support, nonprogrammers certainly do. Using the checkbook example is an inspired choice: Most of us are familiar with personal checking, even if few of us world build an XML application for it. Learning XML is an excellent textbook. I've used it for several years as a recommended text for adult continuing education courses and workshops."

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Footnote

Weitere Rez. in JASIST 59(2008) H.9, S.1531-1533 (J. Satyanesan): "Libraries and Google is an interesting and enlightening compilation of 18 articles on Google and its impact on libraries. The topic is very current, debatable, and thought provoking. Google has profoundly empowered individuals and transformed access to information and librarians are very much concerned about its popularity and visibility. In this book, the leading authorities discuss the usefulness of Google, its influence and potential menace to libraries, and its implications for libraries and the scholarly communication. They offer practical suggestions to cope with the changing situation. The articles are written from different perspective and express all shades of opinion, both hopeful and fearful. One can discern varied moods-apprehension, resignation, encouragement, and motivation-on the part of the librarians. This is an important book providing a wealth of information for the 21st century librarian. There is a section called "Indexing, Abstracting & Website/Internet Coverage," which lists major indexing and abstracting services and other tools for bibliographic access. The format of the articles is uniform with an introduction, key words, and with the exception of two articles the rest have summaries and conclusions. References and notes of varying lengths are included in each article. This book has been copublished simultaneously as Internet Reference Quarterly, 10(3/4), 2005. Although there are single articles written on Google and libraries, this is the first book-length treatment of the topic.

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Content

Enthält die Beiträge: 1. Wissensgesellschaft Michael NIEHAUS: Durch ein Meer von Unwägbarkeiten - Metaphorik in der Wissensgesellschaft S.3 Karsten WEBER: Aufgaben für eine (globale) Wissensgesellschaft oder "Welcome to the new IT? S.9 Katy TEUBENER: Chronos & Kairos. Inhaltsorganisation und Zeitkultur im Internet S.22 Klaus KRAEMER: Wissen und Nachhaltigkeit. Wissensasymmetrien als Problem einer nachhaltigen Entwicklung S.30 2. Lehre und Lernen Gehard BUDIN: Wissensorganisation als Gestaltungsprinzip virtuellen Lernens - epistemische, kommunikative und methodische Anforderungen S.39 Christan SWERTZ: Webdidaktik: Effiziente Inhaltsproduktion für netzbasierte Trainings S.49 Ingrid LOHMANN: Cognitive Mapping im Cyberpunk - Uber Postmoderne und die Transformation eines für so gut wie tot erklärten Literaturgenres zum Bildungstitel S.54 Rudolf W. KECK, Stefanie KOLLMANN, Christian RITZI: Pictura Paedagogica Online - Konzeption und Verwirklichung S.65 Jadranka LASIC-LASIC, Aida SLAVIC, Mihaela BANEK: Gemeinsame Ausbildung der IT Spezialisten an der Universität Zagreb: Vorteile und Probleme S.76 3. Informationsdesign und Visualisierung Maximilian EIBL, Thomas MANDL: Die Qualität von Visualisierungen: Eine Methode zum Vergleich zweidimensionaler Karten S.89 Udo L. FIGGE: Technische Anleitungen und der Erwerb kohärenten Wissens S.116 Monika WITSCH: Ästhetische Zeichenanalyse - eine Methode zur Analyse fundamentalistischer Agitation im Internet S.123 Oliver GERSTHEIMER, Christian LUPP: Systemdesign - Wissen um den Menschen: Bedürfnisorientierte Produktentwicklung im Mobile Business S.135 Philip ZERWECK: Mehrdimensionale Ordnungssysteme im virtuellen Raum anhand eines Desktops S.141

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Date

11. 5.2008 19:49:22

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Date

22. 2.2018 12:13:57

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Footnote

Several of the papers are clearly written as primers and neatly address the second agenda item: attracting others to the study and use of facet analysis. The most valuable papers are written in clear, approachable language. Vickery's paper (p. 145-160) is a clarion call for faceted classification and facet analysis. The heart of the paper is a primer for central concepts and techniques. Vickery explains the value of using faceted classification in document retrieval. Also provided are potential solutions to thorny interface and display issues with facets. Vickery looks to complementary themes in knowledge organization, such as thesauri and ontologies as potential areas for extending the facet concept. Broughton (p. 193-210) describes a rigorous approach to the application of facet analysis in the creation of a compatible thesaurus from the schedules of the 2nd edition of the Bliss Classification (BC2). This discussion of exemplary faceted thesauri, recent standards work, and difficulties encountered in the project will provide valuable guidance for future research in this area. Slavic (p. 257-271) provides a challenge to make faceted classification come 'alive' through promoting the use of machine-readable formats for use and exchange in applications such as Topic Maps and SKOS (Simple Knowledge Organization Systems), and as supported by the standard BS8723 (2005) Structured Vocabulary for Information Retrieval. She also urges designers of faceted classifications to get involved in standards work. Cheti and Paradisi (p. 223-241) outline a basic approach to converting an existing subject indexing tool, the Nuovo Soggetario, into a faceted thesaurus through the use of facet analysis. This discussion, well grounded in the canonical literature, may well serve as a primer for future efforts. Also useful for those who wish to construct faceted thesauri is the article by Tudhope and Binding (p. 211-222). This contains an outline of basic elements to be found in exemplar faceted thesauri, and a discussion of project FACET (Faceted Access to Cultural heritage Terminology) with algorithmically-based semantic query expansion in a dataset composed of items from the National Museum of Science and Industry indexed with AAT (Art and Architecture Thesaurus). This paper looks to the future hybridization of ontologies and facets through standards developments such as SKOS because of the "lightweight semantics" inherent in facets.

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Content

Enthält die Beiträge: Das, A., A. Jain: Indexing the World Wide Web: the journey so far. Ke, W.: Decentralized search and the clustering paradox in large scale information networks. Roux, M.: Metadata for search engines: what can be learned from e-Sciences? Fluhr, C.: Crosslingual access to photo databases. Djioua, B., J.-P. Desclés u. M. Alrahabi: Searching and mining with semantic categories. Ghorbel, H., A. Bahri u. R. Bouaziz: Fuzzy ontologies building platform for Semantic Web: FOB platform. Lassalle, E., E. Lassalle: Semantic models in information retrieval. Berry, M.W., R. Esau u. B. Kiefer: The use of text mining techniques in electronic discovery for legal matters. Sleem-Amer, M., I. Bigorgne u. S. Brizard u.a.: Intelligent semantic search engines for opinion and sentiment mining. Hoeber, O.: Human-centred Web search.

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Date

22. 2.2007 18:56:23
22. 2.2007 19:12:10

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Date

22. 6.2005 15:30:21

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Date

22. 2.2013 11:35:35