Search (12103 results, page 604 of 606)

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Source

Journal of librarianship and information science. 28(1996) no.2, S.83-91

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Journal of the American Society for Information Science. 48(1997) no.1, S.67-79

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Journal of the American Society for Information Science. 47(1996) no.12, S.896-908

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Abstract

Reports experience of a study, conducted at the Getty Art History Information Program, to determine the articulation between the practices of art professionals and digital image technology, and based on digital images generated from existing photographic collections. 70 art professionals were involved in meetings during which participants could learn about image technology and offer suggestions based on their own experience of using photographic materials. Issues considered include: contending with images as collections; integration of image and text image user systems for humanities scholarship, and electronic distribution and publication of images. Concludes with key issues central to the study: whether large photographic collections in electronic form can satisfy museum and archive needs; whether the quality of images will serve the broad range of research interests; whether computer environments can complement and support the ways in which professionals in the arts use visual materials; and whether electronic images can lead users back to original objects and primary sources and to the institutions that house them

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Journal of the American Society for Information Science. 49(1998) no.3, S.267-282

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Journal of the American Society for Information Science. 49(1998) no.7, S.604-618

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Journal of the American Society for Information Science. 49(1998) no.13, S.1161-1168

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Journal of the American Society for Information Science. 44(1993) no.3, S.161-174

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Imprint

Medford : Learned Information Inc.

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Abstract

There is a huge amount of information and data stored in publicly available online databases that consist of large text files accessed by Boolean search techniques. It is widely held that less use is made of theses databases than could or should be the case, and that one reason for this is that potential users find it difficult to identify which databases to search, to use the various command languages of the hosts and to construct the Boolean search statements required. This reasoning has stimulated a considerable amount of exploration and development work on the construction of search interfaces, to aid the inexperienced user to gain effective access to these databases. The aim of our paper is to review aspects of the design of such interfaces; to indicate the requirements that must be met if maximum aid is to be offered to the inexperienced searcher; to spell out the knowledge that must be incorporated in an interface if such aid is to be given; to describe some of the solutions that have been implemented in experimental and operational interfaces; and to discuss some of the problems encountered. The paper closes with an extensive bibliography of references relevant to online search aids, going well beyond the items explicitly mentioned in the text. An index to software appears after the bibliography at the end of the paper

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Imprint

Medford : Learned Information Inc.

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Source

Journal of the American Society for Information Science. 50(1999) no.2, S.98-114

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Journal of the American Society for Information Science. 50(1999) no.3, S.254-264

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Journal of the American Society for Information Science. 50(1999) no.6, S.493-504

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Abstract

Reports results of a study to determine the presence of German libraries and companies on the WWW. The investigation included 60 German libraries (30 academic and 30 public libraries) and 50 German companies (30 publishers and 20 mail order firms). The aim was to evaluate the quality of their home pages in terms of information content, currency, graphics, clarity and service. The importance of a Web presence for libraries was found to be comparable to that for companies because of the common basis of production and delivery of output. A Web site is a means of speaking to a target group, transporting the corporate identity, and informing visitors to the site about current activities. It is important for marketing, by offering certain services such as electronic mail ordering via Internet and by presenting products in a new way on the Web. Results show that the currency of libraries' Web sites is far behind the ideal. Public libraries offer little service and rarely utilise the wide range of possibilities given by the WWW. Academic libraries have better service and strive to improve. Companies' home pages show better results than those of the libraries, most especially in the fields of design quality, clarity and coporate identity

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Journal of the American Society for Information Science. 50(1999) no.9, S.751-759

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Abstract

Indexing documents with descriptors from a multilingual thesaurus is an approach to multilingual information retrieval. However, manual indexing is expensive. Automazed indexing methods in general use terms found in the document. Thesaurus descriptors are complex terms that are often not used in documents or have specific meanings within the thesaurus; therefore most weighting schemes of automated indexing methods are not suited to select thesaurus descriptors. In this paper a linear associative system is described that uses similarity values extracted from a large corpus of manually indexed documents to construct a rank ordering of the descriptors for a given document title. The system is adaptive and has to be tuned with a training sample of records for the specific task. The system was tested on a corpus of some 80.000 bibliographic records. The results show a high variability with changing parameter values. This indicated that it is very important to empirically adapt the model to the specific situation it is used in. The overall median of the manually assigned descriptors in the automatically generated ranked list of all 3.631 descriptors is 14 for the set used to adapt the system and 11 for a test set not used in the optimization process. This result shows that the optimization is not a fitting to a specific training set but a real adaptation of the model to the setting

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Content

Enthält die Beiträge: Pt.1: USER INTERFACES: HULSER, R.P.: Overview of graphical user interfaces; TROUTMA, L.: The online public access catalog and music materials: issues for system and interface design; MISCHO, W.H. u. T.W. COLE: The Illinois extended OPAC: library information workstation design and development; BALLARD, T. u. J. SMITH: The human interface: an ongoing study of OPAC usage at Adelphi University; Pt.2: ENHANCING THE TRADITIONAL CATALOG RECORD: WITTENBACH; S.A.: Building a better mousetrap: enhanced cataloging and access for the online catalog; BEATTY, S.: Subject enrichment using contents or index terms: the Australian Defence Force Academy experience; Enhancing USMARC records with table of contents (MARBI discussion paper; no.46); Pt.3: REDEFINING THE SCOPE OF THE OPAC AND MOVING BEYOND THE LIBRARY WALLS: TROLL, D.A.: The Mercury Project: meeting the expectations of electronc library patrons; JAMIESON, R.C.: Oriental language materials in online public access catalogues; JUZNIC, P. u. H. PAAR: Cooperative cataloguing in Yugoslavia and the development of the OPAC; PERRY, A.: The PACLink Project at the State University of New York: leveraging collections for the future

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Content

"The philosophy behind this book is to provide a pragmatic working knowledge of SGML and related disciplines and techniques needed to actually achieve a successful implementation. . .The book is not a review of products, but it does contain mention of some products as an example of what is available. It is not an executive briefing offering a high-level view of the advangates of implementing a structured approcah to data, nor is it a nuts-and-bolts description of how to write SGML applications. Rather, it strikes a ground between those two extremes, offering to the people who must make the decision to implement, then the implementors, enough information to get well down the road to SGML."

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Abstract

This paper outlines strategies and methods for tackling the enormous challenges presented by an emerging Information Society in which the resources of libraries and museums are gradually being made available on-line in electronic form. It begins from two fundamental premises: first, that the experience of libraries, museums, archives and similar institutions in organising, ordering, classing and accessing knowledge is an obvious point of departure for serious strategies of search and access. A second premise is that the methods used for presentation of knowledge in libraries offer valuable clues for a coherent access, interface and strategy, offering a key to a common look and feel for all our activities, be it creating, classing, publishing or accessing. Following from these premises is a new approach to the traditions of knowledge collection, organisation and retrieval. At one end of the spectrum there has been a dream that everything could be collected in one centralized institution. This inspired the Library of Alexandria, the British Museum and a host of other efforts. At the other end of the spectrum there has been an assumption that everything could be decentralised in a completely distributed system. Our claim is that neither of these extremes can work, which means that a new model is called for: a centralised repository of meta-data, a digital reference room which is effectively a cumulative collection of all existing reference sections in libraries and museums