Search (2087 results, page 3 of 105)

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Date

22. 3.2009 19:18:29

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Abstract

My keynote at the workshop "Social Tagging in Knowledge Organization" was a great opportunity to make and share new experiences. For the first time ever, I sat in my office at home and gave a live web video presentation to a conference audience elsewhere on the globe. At the same time, it was also an opportunity to premier my conceptual model "Matrix of Perception" to an interdisciplinary audience of researchers and practitioners with a variety of backgrounds - reaching from philosophy, psychology, pedagogy and computation to library science and economics. The interdisciplinary approach of the conference is also mirrored in the structure of this volume, with articles on the theoretical background, the empirical analysis and the potential applications of tagging, for instance in university libraries, e-learning, or e-commerce. As an introduction to the topic of "social tagging" I would like to draw your attention to some foundation concepts of the phenomenon I have racked my brain with for the last few month. One thing I have seen missing in recent research and system development is a focus on the variety of user perspectives in social tagging. Different people perceive tagging in complex variegated ways and use this form of knowledge organization for a variety of purposes. My analytical interest lies in understanding the personas and patterns in tagging systems and in being able to label their different perceptions. To come up with a concise picture of user expectations, needs and activities, I have broken down the perspectives on tagging into two different categories, namely "faces" and "depth". When put together, they form the "Matrix of Perception" - a nuanced view of stakeholders and their respective levels of participation.

Date

22. 6.2009 9:15:45

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Abstract

Pauline Atherton Cochrane has been contributing to library and information science for fifty years. Think of it-from mid-century to the millennium, from ENIAC (practically) to Internet 11 (almost here). What a time to be in our field! Her work an indexing, subject access, and the user-oriented approach had immediate and sustained impact, and she continues to be one of our most heavily cited authors (see, JASIS, 49[4], 327-55) and most beloved personages. This introduction includes a few words about my own experiences with Pauline as well as a short summary of the contributions that make up this tribute. A review of the curriculum vita provided at the end of this publication Shows that Pauline Cochrane has been involved in a wide variety of work. As Marcia Bates points out in her note (See below), Pauline was (and is) a role model, but I will always think of her as simply the best teacher 1 ever had. In 1997, I entered the University of Illinois Graduate School of Library and Information Science as a returning mid-life student; my previous doctorate had not led to a full-time job and I was re-tooling. I was not sure what 1 would find in library school, and the introductory course attended by more than 100 students from widely varied backgrounds had not yet convinced me I was in the right place. Then, one day, Pauline gave a guest lecture an the digital library in my introductory class. I still remember it. She put up some notes-a few words clustered an the blackboard with some circles and directional arrows-and then she gave a free, seemingly extemporaneous, but riveting narrative. She set out a vision for ideal information exchange in the digital environment but noted a host of practical concerns, issues, and potential problems that required (demanded!) continued human intervention. The lecture brought that class and the entire semester's work into focus; it created tremendous excitement for the future of librarianship. 1 saw that librarians and libraries would play an active role. I was in the right place.

Date

22. 9.1997 19:16:05

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Abstract

In the aftermath of the publication in 1996 of the famous spoof article by the New York University physicist Alan Sokal many scientists and mathematicians have considered the thesis of social constructivists-those specialists in science studies who maintain that science is shaped by social and cultural factors-as discredited. Sokal's article was, indeed, very clever, and he was correct in ridiculing the views of the most extreme social constructivists. The basic issue of the controversy remains, however, unresolved. To what extent are science and mathematics affected by the society in which they are developed? In this article I will maintain that even the mathematical equations used by outstanding physicists sometimes display attributes of their social environment. In a book I published in 1998 I argued that Russia was a particularly appropriate environment in which to test the social constructivist hypothesis. In the twentieth century Russia has had a large scientific establishment in a social, economic, political, and philosophical environment quite different from that of leading Western countries. If environmental factors affect science, the effects of those factors should show up in Russia. I concluded that these effects do indeed manifest themselves in Russian science, but that, perhaps surprisingly, Russian science reveals both the strengths and the weaknesses of the social constructivist hypothesis. An example of the weakness of the social constructivist thesis can be found in the overthrow of Lysenkoism biology in 1966, when Soviet biologists embraced the same biological principles as Western biologists after decades of rejecting these principles. This tardy but eventually successful worldwide agreement illustrated the universalism of much of science when open debate is permitted, and the existence of an objective biological world studied by biologists everywhere. The rejection of Lysenkoism showed that reality in nature does matter

Source

Mathematical intelligencer. 22(2000) no.3, S.31-36

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Abstract

This paper presents an application of the model described in Part I to the evaluation of Web search engines by undergraduates. The study observed how 36 undergraduate used four major search engines to find information for their own individual problems and how they evaluated these engines based an actual interaction with the search engines. User evaluation was based an 16 performance measures representing five evaluation criteria: relevance, efficiency, utility, user satisfaction, and connectivity. Non-performance (user-related) measures were also applied. Each participant searched his/ her own topic an all four engines and provided satisfaction ratings for system features and interaction and reasons for satisfaction. Each also made relevance judgements of retrieved items in relation to his/her own information need and participated in post-search Interviews to provide reactions to the search results and overall performance. The study found significant differences in precision PR1 relative recall, user satisfaction with output display, time saving, value of search results, and overall performance among the four engines and also significant engine by discipline interactions an all these measures. In addition, the study found significant differences in user satisfaction with response time among four engines, and significant engine by discipline interaction in user satisfaction with search interface. None of the four search engines dominated in every aspect of the multidimensional evaluation. Content analysis of verbal data identified a number of user criteria and users evaluative comments based an these criteria. Results from both quantitative analysis and content analysis provide insight for system design and development, and useful feedback an strengths and weaknesses of search engines for system improvement

Date

24. 1.2004 18:27:22

Footnote

Teil I im selben Heft

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Content

Contents: Manfred Klenner / Henriette Visser: Introduction - Khurshid Ahmad: Writing Linguistics: When I use a word it means what I choose it to mean - Jürgen Handke: 2000 and Beyond: The Potential of New Technologies in Linguistics - Jurij Apresjan / Igor Boguslavsky / Leonid Iomdin / Leonid Tsinman: Lexical Functions in NU: Possible Uses - Hubert Lehmann: Practical Machine Translation and Linguistic Theory - Karin Haenelt: A Contextbased Approach towards Content Processing of Electronic Documents - Petr Sgall / Eva Hajicová: Are Linguistic Frameworks Comparable? - Wolfgang Menzel: Theory and Applications in Computational Linguistics - Is there Common Ground? - Robert Porzel / Michael Strube: Towards Context-adaptive Natural Language Processing Systems - Nicoletta Calzolari: Language Resources in a Multilingual Setting: The European Perspective - Piek Vossen: Computational Linguistics for Theory and Practice.

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Content

Enthält u.a. folgende Beiträge: HAYEK, I.: Die elektronische Bibliothek Innsbruck; ECKER, R.: Schnelle Dokumentenlieferung mit FastDoc; PIPP, E.: CD-ROM-Datenbanken im LAN der Universität Innsbruck - technische und lizenzrechtliche Probleme für den Systemoperator: PERENSTEINER, R.: Qualitätsinformationen im Internet mit Anbindung an Intranet; SCHILLING, A.: SwetNet - Umfassender Vooltext-Service aus einer Hand; WALKER, J.: SilverPlatter Information - integration of information resources; EBENHOCH, P.: Digitale Vergänglichkeit elektronischer Publikationen; VORHAUER, H. u. R. WITTAUER: Praktische Erfahrung von Knowledge Base mit Lotus Notes in der Pharmamarktforschung; REINISCH,F.: Wer suchet - der findet? oder Die Überwindung der sprachlichen Grenzen bei der Suche in Volltextdatenbanken; ERNST, S.: Bibliotheken im Wandel - das Umdenken am Beispiel Beilstein Crossfire

Date

22. 7.2000 16:34:40

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Abstract

The relationship between the "knowledge base" and the "globalization" of communication systems is discussed from the perspective of communication theory. I argue that inter-human communication takes place at two levels. At the first level information is exchanged and provided with meaning and at the second level meaning can reflexively be communicated. Human language can be considered as the evolutionary achievement which enables us to use these two channels of communication simultaneously. Providing meaning with hindsight is a recursive operation: a meaning that makes a difference can be considered as knowledge. If the production of knowledge is socially organized, the perspective of hindsight can further be codified. This adds globalization to the historically stabilized patterns of communications. Globalization can be expected to transform the communications in an evolutionary mode. However, the self-organization of a knowledge-based society remains an expectation with the status of a hypothesis.

Date

22. 5.2003 19:48:04

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Abstract

Die kostenfrei zugängliche Datenbank "Gesamtkatalog der Wiegendrucke" wurde am 20. August 2003 offiziell für die Fachwelt im Internet bereitgestellt. Ausgangspunkt für diese Datenbank ist die seit 1925 im Hiersemann Verlag in Einzelbänden erscheinende Druck-Version des "Gesamtkatalogs der Wiegendrucke", die weltweit sämtliche Drucke des 15. Jahrhunderts in alphabetischer Form nachweist. Der Gesamtkatalog der Wiegendrucke wird seit fast 100 Jahren in der Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin redaktionell bearbeitet. Bisher erschienen zehn Bände, die die Alphabetteile "A-H" umfassen. Dieses Material sowie die umfangreiche Materialsammlung der Redaktion, die nunmehr auch den Alphabetteil "I-Z" umfasst, wurde in den letzten Jahren mit Hilfe der Deutschen Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) elektronisch aufbereitet. Die Datenbank enthält unter anderem Angaben zum Umfang, zur Zeilenzahl, zu den Drucktypen sowie teilweise auch die Besitznachweise von Wiegendrucken. Anhand eines Verzeichnisses aller inkunabelbesitzenden Bibliotheken lassen sich die zum Teil spannenden Wege von Inkunabel-Sammlungen nachvollziehen. Die Suchmaschine ist keine übliche Web-Applikation. Sowohl Server als auch Klient laufen auf einem Applikations-Server in der Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin.

Date

21. 8.2004 18:42:22

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Date

28.11.2004 13:09:22

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Date

3. 3.2006 15:03:22

Type

i

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Date

10. 9.2000 17:38:22

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Date

27. 5.2007 13:55:22

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Date

9. 1.2010 14:22:20

Location

I

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Source

Research and advanced technology for digital libraries : 10th European conference, proceedings / ECDL 2006, Alicante, Spain, September 17 - 22, 2006

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Abstract

Contemporary retrieval systems, which search across collections, usually ignore collection-level metadata. Alternative approaches, exploiting collection-level information, will require an understanding of the various kinds of relationships that can obtain between collection-level and item-level metadata. This paper outlines the problem and describes a project that is developing a logic-based framework for classifying collection/item metadata relationships. This framework will support (i) metadata specification developers defining metadata elements, (ii) metadata creators describing objects, and (iii) system designers implementing systems that take advantage of collection-level metadata. We present three examples of collection/item metadata relationship categories, attribute/value-propagation, value-propagation, and value-constraint and show that even in these simple cases a precise formulation requires modal notions in addition to first-order logic. These formulations are related to recent work in information retrieval and ontology evaluation.

Source

Metadata for semantic and social applications : proceedings of the International Conference on Dublin Core and Metadata Applications, Berlin, 22 - 26 September 2008, DC 2008: Berlin, Germany / ed. by Jane Greenberg and Wolfgang Klas

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Source

Metadata for semantic and social applications : proceedings of the International Conference on Dublin Core and Metadata Applications, Berlin, 22 - 26 September 2008, DC 2008: Berlin, Germany / ed. by Jane Greenberg and Wolfgang Klas

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Date

23. 2.2009 17:22:41

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Date

22. 3.2009 19:08:51

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