-
Zeitz, G.: Wissenschaftliche Informationen per Mausklick : Bibliotheken und Forschungsinstitute eröffnen fächerübergreifendes Internetportal - Hessische Einrichtungen sind beteiligt (2003)
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- Content
- "Wissenschaftler brauchen fundierte Informationen aus Quellen, auf die man sich verlassen kann. Die Suche nach solchen Quellen, wissenschaftlichen Aufsätzen, Dissertationen, Büchern, Datenbanken und Linklisten gestaltete sich bislang schwierig: Bibliotheken oder Verlage von Fachzeitschriften mussten einzeln angesteuert werden, einen zentralen, einheitlichen und einfachen Zugang gab es bislang, nicht. Das soll sich jetzt ändern: Das vom Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung (BMBF) und von der Deutschen; Forschungsgemeinsehaft (DFG) geförderte Internetportal "vascoda", das nach dem Willen seiner Initiatoren auch Grundbaustein für die "Digitale Bibliothek Deutschland" sein soll, will Forschern Zugang zu wissenschaftlicher Information unterschiedlichster Fachrichtungen und unterschiedlichster Formate bieten. Das ist bundesweit in dieser Form ebenso einzigartig wie die Tatsache, dass die an vascoda angeschlossenen Datenbanken ausschließlich ;,geprüfte" Informationen liefern sollen: "Fachbibliothekare und Fachwissenschaftler der Anbieter, die sich unter dem vascoda-Dach zusammengeschlossen haben, prüfen, welche Texte vdrfügbar gemacht werden", sagt Christine Burblies von der vascoda-Geschäftsstelle in Hannover. "So können wir gewährleisten, dass die Informationen wissenschaftlichen Ansprüchen genügen." Das macht dann auch den wesentlichen Unterschied zu anderen Suchmaschinen aus: Die Suchmaske des Wissenschaftsportals ist zwar ähnlich einfach zu handhaben wie die Internet-Suchmaschine Google - vascoda verirrt sich aber nicht im World Wide Web. Und während andere Internet-Suchmaschinen nicht den Zugriff auf das so genannte "invisible web" bieten, also beispielsweise auf Bibliothekskataloge, ermöglicht vascoda auch den Zugriff auf dieses unsichtbare Netz. Das Wissenschaftsportal ist unentgeltlich nutzbar, und auch ein Großteil der Informationen ist kostenlos zu beziehen. Es sind aber auch kostenpflichtige Informationen verfügbar - zum Beispiel aus Verlagsangeboten und kommerziellen Datenbanken. Wer Informationen etwa zu soziologischen Fragen sucht, landet sicher auch auf den Internetseiten des Instituts für Soziologie in Darmstadt (www.ifs.tu-darmstadt.de/forsch.htm), das ebenso zu den vascoda-Anbietern gehört wie das Deutsche Institut für Internationale Pädagogik (DIPF) in Frankfurt (www.dipfde/index_1024.htm). In vascoda eingebunden sind zur Zeit 23 virtuelle Fachbibliotheken (ViFas), die vier großen Informationsverbünde EconDoc (Wirtschaft), GetInfo (Naturwissenschaften und Technik), infoconnex (Pädagogik, Sozialwissenschaften, Psychologie) und Medizin sowie die Elektronische Zeitschriftenbibliothek (EZB), ein kooperativer Service von 209 Bibliotheken zur Bereitstellung von elektronischen Zeitschriften, -die im Internet publiziert werden. "Wir planen überdies die Erweiterung um das Fach Germanistik, und wenn es soweit ist, wird die Stadt- und Universitätsbibliothek Frankfurt diesen Service bereitstellen", sagt Burblies."
- Date
- 17. 7.1996 9:33:22
- Theme
- Information Gateway
-
Munson, K.I.: Internet search engines : understanding their design to improve information retrieval (2000)
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- Abstract
- The relationship between the methods currently used for indexing the World Wide Web and the programs, languages, and protocols on which the World Wide Web is based is examined. Two methods for indexing the Web are described, directories being briefly discussed while search engines are considered in detail. The automated approach used to create these tools is examined with special emphasis on the parts of a document used in indexing. Shortcomings of the approach are described. Suggestions for effective use of Web search engines are given
-
Erlhofer, S.: Suchmaschinen-Optimierung für Webentwickler : Grundlagen, Ranking optimieren, Tipps und Tricks; Neu: Keyword-Recherche, TYPO3-Optimierung, Usability (2006)
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- BK
- 05.38 Neue elektronische Medien <Kommunikationswissenschaft>
- Classification
- 05.38 Neue elektronische Medien <Kommunikationswissenschaft>
- RSWK
- World Wide Web / Suchmaschine
Suchmaschine / Web Site / Ranking
- Subject
- World Wide Web / Suchmaschine
Suchmaschine / Web Site / Ranking
-
Morrison, P.J.: Tagging and searching : search retrieval effectiveness of folksonomies on the World Wide Web (2008)
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- Abstract
- Many Web sites have begun allowing users to submit items to a collection and tag them with keywords. The folksonomies built from these tags are an interesting topic that has seen little empirical research. This study compared the search information retrieval (IR) performance of folksonomies from social bookmarking Web sites against search engines and subject directories. Thirty-four participants created 103 queries for various information needs. Results from each IR system were collected and participants judged relevance. Folksonomy search results overlapped with those from the other systems, and documents found by both search engines and folksonomies were significantly more likely to be judged relevant than those returned by any single IR system type. The search engines in the study had the highest precision and recall, but the folksonomies fared surprisingly well. Del.icio.us was statistically indistinguishable from the directories in many cases. Overall the directories were more precise than the folksonomies but they had similar recall scores. Better query handling may enhance folksonomy IR performance further. The folksonomies studied were promising, and may be able to improve Web search performance.
- Date
- 1. 8.2008 12:39:22
- Source
- Information processing and management. 44(2008) no.4, S.1562-1579
-
Neuroth, H.; Pianos, T.: VASCODA: a German scientific portal for cross-searching distributed digital resource collections (2003)
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- Abstract
- The German information science community - with the support of the two main funding agencies in Germany - will develop a scientific portal, vascoda, for cross-searching distributed metadata collections. In platitudinous words, one of the services of vascoda is going to be a ldquoGooglerdquo-like search for the academic community, an easy to use, yet sophisticated search-engine to supply information on high-quality resources from different media and technical environments. Reaching this objective requires considerable standardisation activity amongst the main players to harmonise the already existing services (e.g. regarding metadata, protocols, etc.). The co-operation amongst the participants including both of the funding agencies is creating a unique team-work situation in Germany thus strengthening the information science community.
- Source
- Research and advanced technology for digital libraries : 7th European Conference, proceedings / ECDL 2003, Trondheim, Norway, August 17-22, 2003
- Theme
- Information Gateway
-
Herrera-Viedma, E.; Pasi, G.; Lopez-Herrera, A.G.; Porcel; C.: Evaluating the information quality of Web sites : a methodology based on fuzzy computing with words (2006)
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- Abstract
- An evaluation methodology based on fuzzy computing with words aimed at measuring the information quality of Web sites containing documents is presented. This methodology is qualitative and user oriented because it generates linguistic recommendations on the information quality of the content-based Web sites based on users' perceptions. It is composed of two main components, an evaluation scheme to analyze the information quality of Web sites and a measurement method to generate the linguistic recommendations. The evaluation scheme is based on both technical criteria related to the Web site structure and criteria related to the content of information on the Web sites. It is user driven because the chosen criteria are easily understandable by the users, in such a way that Web visitors can assess them by means of linguistic evaluation judgments. The measurement method is user centered because it generates linguistic recommendations of the Web sites based on the visitors' linguistic evaluation judgments. To combine the linguistic evaluation judgments we introduce two new majority guided linguistic aggregation operators, the Majority guided Linguistic Induced Ordered Weighted Averaging (MLIOWA) and weighted MLIOWA operators, which generate the linguistic recommendations according to the majority of the evaluation judgments provided by different visitors. The use of this methodology could improve tasks such as information filtering and evaluation on the World Wide Web.
- Date
- 22. 7.2006 17:05:46
- Footnote
- Beitrag in einer Special Topic Section on Soft Approaches to Information Retrieval and Information Access on the Web
- Source
- Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology. 57(2006) no.4, S.538-549
-
Hüsken, P.: Informationssuche im Semantic Web : Methoden des Information Retrieval für die Wissensrepräsentation (2006)
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- Abstract
- Das Semantic Web bezeichnet ein erweitertes World Wide Web (WWW), das die Bedeutung von präsentierten Inhalten in neuen standardisierten Sprachen wie RDF Schema und OWL modelliert. Diese Arbeit befasst sich mit dem Aspekt des Information Retrieval, d.h. es wird untersucht, in wie weit Methoden der Informationssuche sich auf modelliertes Wissen übertragen lassen. Die kennzeichnenden Merkmale von IR-Systemen wie vage Anfragen sowie die Unterstützung unsicheren Wissens werden im Kontext des Semantic Web behandelt. Im Fokus steht die Suche nach Fakten innerhalb einer Wissensdomäne, die entweder explizit modelliert sind oder implizit durch die Anwendung von Inferenz abgeleitet werden können. Aufbauend auf der an der Universität Duisburg-Essen entwickelten Retrievalmaschine PIRE wird die Anwendung unsicherer Inferenz mit probabilistischer Prädikatenlogik (pDatalog) implementiert.
- Footnote
- Zugl.: Dortmund, Univ., Dipl.-Arb., 2006 u.d.T.: Hüsken, Peter: Information-Retrieval im Semantic-Web.
- RSWK
- Information Retrieval / Semantic Web
- Subject
- Information Retrieval / Semantic Web
- Theme
- Semantic Web
-
Stock, W.G.: Informationswirtschaft : Management externen Wissens (2000)
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- Content
- Enthält die Kapitel: (1) Informationswirtschaft in der Informationsgesellschaft (2) Informationen und Informationskanäle (3) Hilfsmittel der Wirtschaftsdokumentation: Klassifikation und Thesaurus (4) Retrieval von elektronischen Informationen: Techniken und Strategien (5) Data Mining bei externen Informationen (6) Automatische Indexierung (7) Suchen und Browsen im World Wide Web (8) Wirtschaftswissenschaftliche Informationen: Literaturnachweise und Volltexte (9) Ergebnisse der Marktforschung (10) Wirtschaftsnachrichten: Agenturmeldungen - Zeitungen - Newsletter - Pressearchive (11) Betriebswirtschaftliche Unternehmensinformationen (12) Ausschreibungen und Geschäftsanbahnungen (13) 'Selbstdarstellungen' von Unternehmen: Geschäftsberichte und Homepages (14) Gesetze und Urteile (15) Gewerbliche Schutzrechte als Wirtschaftsinformationen: Patente, Gebrauchsmuster, Marken, Geschmacksmuster (16) Forschungs- und Entwicklungsaktivitäten von Unternehmen (17) Personenbezogene Informationen in Datenbanken (18) Wirtschaftsstatistische Zeitreihen (19) Integration externer Informationen in das betriebliche Informationssystem (20) Fallstudien
- Footnote
- Rez. in: nfd 51(2000) H.8, S.496-497 (W. v. Hahn); ProLibris 6(2001) H.1, S.62 (R. Depping); B.I.I. online 4(2001) H.2, S.216-217 (D. Schmidmaier); Bibliothek: Forschung und Praxis 25(2001) H.1, S.114-115 (A. Halle)
- RSWK
- Informationswirtschaft / Information und Dokumentation / Wirtschaftsinformation (213) (321)
- Subject
- Informationswirtschaft / Information und Dokumentation / Wirtschaftsinformation (213) (321)
- Theme
- Information Resources Management
-
Shiri, A.A.; Revie, C.: Thesauri on the Web : current developments and trends (2000)
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- Abstract
- This article provides an overview of recent developments relating to the application of thesauri in information organisation and retrieval on the World Wide Web. It describes some recent thesaurus projects undertaken to facilitate resource description and discovery and access to wide-ranging information resources on the Internet. Types of thesauri available on the Web, thesauri integrated in databases and information retrieval systems, and multiple-thesaurus systems for cross-database searching are also discussed. Collective efforts and events in addressing the standardisation and novel applications of thesauri are briefly reviewed.
- Source
- Online information review. 24(2000) no.4, S.273-279
-
Fensel, D.: Ontologies : a silver bullet for knowledge management and electronic commerce (2004)
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- Abstract
- The author systematically introduces the notion of ontologies to the non-expert reader and demonstrates in detail how to apply this conceptual framework for improved intranet retrieval of corporate information and knowledge and for enhanced Internetbased electronic commerce. He also describes ontology languages (XML, RDF, and OWL) and ontology tools, and the application of ontologies. In addition to structural improvements, the second edition covers recent developments relating to the Semantic Web, and emerging web-based standard languages.
- Classification
- 004.67/8 22
- DDC
- 004.67/8 22
- LCSH
- Semantic Web
- RSWK
- World Wide Web / Datenbanksystem / Abfrage / Inferenz <Künstliche Intelligenz>
- Subject
- World Wide Web / Datenbanksystem / Abfrage / Inferenz <Künstliche Intelligenz>
Semantic Web
- Theme
- Information Resources Management
-
Cothey, V.: ¬A longitudinal study of World Wide Web users' information-searching behavior (2002)
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- Abstract
- A study of the "real world" Web information searching behavior of 206 college students over a 10-month period showed that, contrary to expectations, the users adopted a more passive or browsing approach to Web information searching and became more eclectic in their selection of Web hosts as they gained experience. The study used a longitudinal transaction log analysis of the URLs accessed during 5,431 user days of Web information searching to detect changes in information searching behavior associated with increased experience of using the Web. The findings have implications for the design of future Web information retrieval tools
- Source
- Journal of the American Society for Information Science and technology. 53(2002) no.2, S.67-78
-
Spinning the Semantic Web : bringing the World Wide Web to its full potential (2003)
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- Abstract
- As the World Wide Web continues to expand, it becomes increasingly difficult for users to obtain information efficiently. Because most search engines read format languages such as HTML or SGML, search results reflect formatting tags more than actual page content, which is expressed in natural language. Spinning the Semantic Web describes an exciting new type of hierarchy and standardization that will replace the current "Web of links" with a "Web of meaning." Using a flexible set of languages and tools, the Semantic Web will make all available information - display elements, metadata, services, images, and especially content - accessible. The result will be an immense repository of information accessible for a wide range of new applications. This first handbook for the Semantic Web covers, among other topics, software agents that can negotiate and collect information, markup languages that can tag many more types of information in a document, and knowledge systems that enable machines to read Web pages and determine their reliability. The truly interdisciplinary Semantic Web combines aspects of artificial intelligence, markup languages, natural language processing, information retrieval, knowledge representation, intelligent agents, and databases.
- Content
- Inhalt: Tim Bemers-Lee: The Original Dream - Re-enter Machines - Where Are We Now? - The World Wide Web Consortium - Where Is the Web Going Next? / Dieter Fensel, James Hendler, Henry Lieberman, and Wolfgang Wahlster: Why Is There a Need for the Semantic Web and What Will It Provide? - How the Semantic Web Will Be Possible / Jeff Heflin, James Hendler, and Sean Luke: SHOE: A Blueprint for the Semantic Web / Deborah L. McGuinness, Richard Fikes, Lynn Andrea Stein, and James Hendler: DAML-ONT: An Ontology Language for the Semantic Web / Michel Klein, Jeen Broekstra, Dieter Fensel, Frank van Harmelen, and Ian Horrocks: Ontologies and Schema Languages on the Web / Borys Omelayenko, Monica Crubezy, Dieter Fensel, Richard Benjamins, Bob Wielinga, Enrico Motta, Mark Musen, and Ying Ding: UPML: The Language and Tool Support for Making the Semantic Web Alive / Deborah L. McGuinness: Ontologies Come of Age / Jeen Broekstra, Arjohn Kampman, and Frank van Harmelen: Sesame: An Architecture for Storing and Querying RDF Data and Schema Information / Rob Jasper and Mike Uschold: Enabling Task-Centered Knowledge Support through Semantic Markup / Yolanda Gil: Knowledge Mobility: Semantics for the Web as a White Knight for Knowledge-Based Systems / Sanjeev Thacker, Amit Sheth, and Shuchi Patel: Complex Relationships for the Semantic Web / Alexander Maedche, Steffen Staab, Nenad Stojanovic, Rudi Studer, and York Sure: SEmantic portAL: The SEAL Approach / Ora Lassila and Mark Adler: Semantic Gadgets: Ubiquitous Computing Meets the Semantic Web / Christopher Frye, Mike Plusch, and Henry Lieberman: Static and Dynamic Semantics of the Web / Masahiro Hori: Semantic Annotation for Web Content Adaptation / Austin Tate, Jeff Dalton, John Levine, and Alex Nixon: Task-Achieving Agents on the World Wide Web
- LCSH
- Semantic Web
World Wide Web
- RSWK
- Semantic Web
- Subject
- Semantic Web
Semantic Web
World Wide Web
- Theme
- Semantic Web
-
Herrera-Viedma, E.; Pasi, G.: Soft approaches to information retrieval and information access on the Web : an introduction to the special topic section (2006)
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- Abstract
- The World Wide Web is a popular and interactive medium used to collect, disseminate, and access an increasingly huge amount of information, which constitutes the mainstay of the so-called information and knowledge society. Because of its spectacular growth, related to both Web resources (pages, sites, and services) and number of users, the Web is nowadays the main information repository and provides some automatic systems for locating, accessing, and retrieving information. However, an open and crucial question remains: how to provide fast and effective retrieval of the information relevant to specific users' needs. This is a very hard and complex task, since it is pervaded with subjectivity, vagueness, and uncertainty. The expression soft computing refers to techniques and methodologies that work synergistically with the aim of providing flexible information processing tolerant of imprecision, vagueness, partial truth, and approximation. So, soft computing represents a good candidate to design effective systems for information access and retrieval on the Web. One of the most representative tools of soft computing is fuzzy set theory. This special topic section collects research articles witnessing some recent advances in improving the processes of information access and retrieval on the Web by using soft computing tools, and in particular, by using fuzzy sets and/or integrating them with other soft computing tools. In this introductory article, we first review the problem of Web retrieval and the concept of soft computing technology. We then briefly introduce the articles in this section and conclude by highlighting some future research directions that could benefit from the use of soft computing technologies.
- Date
- 22. 7.2006 16:59:33
- Footnote
- Beitrag in einer Special Topic Section on Soft Approaches to Information Retrieval and Information Access on the Web
- Source
- Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology. 57(2006) no.4, S.511-514
-
Jacob, E.K.; Priss, U.: Nontraditional indexing structures for the management of electronic resources (2001)
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- Abstract
- Controlled vocabulary and fixed citation order are two of the mechanisms used to effect collocation in traditional bibliographic classification schemes. Analysis of the rationale underlying application of each of these mechanisms provides a framework for the development of nontraditional approaches to the organization of resources available an the World Wide Web. When supported by an extralinguistic faceted vocabulary of concepts, this framework facilitates construction and implementation of flexible, dynamic indexing systems that can be applied in the design of electronic information systems and the organization of Web-based knowledge resources.
- Form
- Elektronische Dokumente
- Imprint
- Medford, NJ : Information Today
-
Belew, R.K.: Finding out about : a cognitive perspective on search engine technology and the WWW (2001)
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- Abstract
- The World Wide Web is rapidly filling with more text than anyone could have imagined even a short time ago, but the task of isolating relevant parts of this vast information has become just that much more daunting. Richard Belew brings a cognitive perspective to the study of information retrieval as a discipline within computer science. He introduces the idea of Finding Out About (FDA) as the process of actively seeking out information relevant to a topic of interest and describes its many facets - ranging from creating a good characterization of what the user seeks, to what documents actually mean, to methods of inferring semantic clues about each document, to the problem of evaluating whether our search engines are performing as we have intended. Finding Out About explains how to build the tools that are useful for searching collections of text and other media. In the process it takes a close look at the properties of textual documents that do not become clear until very large collections of them are brought together and shows that the construction of effective search engines requires knowledge of the statistical and mathematical properties of linguistic phenomena, as well as an appreciation for the cognitive foundation we bring to the task as language users. The unique approach of this book is its even handling of the phenomena of both numbers and words, making it accessible to a wide audience. The textbook is usable in both undergraduate and graduate classes on information retrieval, library science, and computational linguistics. The text is accompanied by a CD-ROM that contains a hypertext version of the book, including additional topics and notes not present in the printed edition. In addition, the CD contains the full text of C.J. "Keith" van Rijsbergen's famous textbook, Information Retrieval (now out of print). Many active links from Belew's to van Rijsbergen's hypertexts help to unite the material. Several test corpora and indexing tools are provided, to support the design of your own search engine. Additional exercises using these corpora and code are available to instructors. Also supporting this book is a Web site that will include recent additions to the book, as well as links to sites of new topics and methods.
- LCSH
- World Wide Web / Computer programs
Web search engines
- RSWK
- Suchmaschine / World Wide Web / Information Retrieval
- Subject
- Suchmaschine / World Wide Web / Information Retrieval
World Wide Web / Computer programs
Web search engines
-
TREC: experiment and evaluation in information retrieval (2005)
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- Abstract
- The Text REtrieval Conference (TREC), a yearly workshop hosted by the US government's National Institute of Standards and Technology, provides the infrastructure necessary for large-scale evaluation of text retrieval methodologies. With the goal of accelerating research in this area, TREC created the first large test collections of full-text documents and standardized retrieval evaluation. The impact has been significant; since TREC's beginning in 1992, retrieval effectiveness has approximately doubled. TREC has built a variety of large test collections, including collections for such specialized retrieval tasks as cross-language retrieval and retrieval of speech. Moreover, TREC has accelerated the transfer of research ideas into commercial systems, as demonstrated in the number of retrieval techniques developed in TREC that are now used in Web search engines. This book provides a comprehensive review of TREC research, summarizing the variety of TREC results, documenting the best practices in experimental information retrieval, and suggesting areas for further research. The first part of the book describes TREC's history, test collections, and retrieval methodology. Next, the book provides "track" reports -- describing the evaluations of specific tasks, including routing and filtering, interactive retrieval, and retrieving noisy text. The final part of the book offers perspectives on TREC from such participants as Microsoft Research, University of Massachusetts, Cornell University, University of Waterloo, City University of New York, and IBM. The book will be of interest to researchers in information retrieval and related technologies, including natural language processing.
- Content
- Enthält die Beiträge: 1. The Text REtrieval Conference - Ellen M. Voorhees and Donna K. Harman 2. The TREC Test Collections - Donna K. Harman 3. Retrieval System Evaluation - Chris Buckley and Ellen M. Voorhees 4. The TREC Ad Hoc Experiments - Donna K. Harman 5. Routing and Filtering - Stephen Robertson and Jamie Callan 6. The TREC Interactive Tracks: Putting the User into Search - Susan T. Dumais and Nicholas J. Belkin 7. Beyond English - Donna K. Harman 8. Retrieving Noisy Text - Ellen M. Voorhees and John S. Garofolo 9.The Very Large Collection and Web Tracks - David Hawking and Nick Craswell 10. Question Answering in TREC - Ellen M. Voorhees 11. The University of Massachusetts and a Dozen TRECs - James Allan, W. Bruce Croft and Jamie Callan 12. How Okapi Came to TREC - Stephen Robertson 13. The SMART Project at TREC - Chris Buckley 14. Ten Years of Ad Hoc Retrieval at TREC Using PIRCS - Kui-Lam Kwok 15. MultiText Experiments for TREC - Gordon V. Cormack, Charles L. A. Clarke, Christopher R. Palmer and Thomas R. Lynam 16. A Language-Modeling Approach to TREC - Djoerd Hiemstra and Wessel Kraaij 17. BM Research Activities at TREC - Eric W. Brown, David Carmel, Martin Franz, Abraham Ittycheriah, Tapas Kanungo, Yoelle Maarek, J. Scott McCarley, Robert L. Mack, John M. Prager, John R. Smith, Aya Soffer, Jason Y. Zien and Alan D. Marwick Epilogue: Metareflections on TREC - Karen Sparck Jones
- Footnote
- Rez. in: JASIST 58(2007) no.6, S.910-911 (J.L. Vicedo u. J. Gomez): "The Text REtrieval Conference (TREC) is a yearly workshop hosted by the U.S. government's National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) that fosters and supports research in information retrieval as well as speeding the transfer of technology between research labs and industry. Since 1992, TREC has provided the infrastructure necessary for large-scale evaluations of different text retrieval methodologies. TREC impact has been very important and its success has been mainly supported by its continuous adaptation to the emerging information retrieval needs. Not in vain, TREC has built evaluation benchmarks for more than 20 different retrieval problems such as Web retrieval, speech retrieval, or question-answering. The large and intense trajectory of annual TREC conferences has resulted in an immense bulk of documents reflecting the different eval uation and research efforts developed. This situation makes it difficult sometimes to observe clearly how research in information retrieval (IR) has evolved over the course of TREC. TREC: Experiment and Evaluation in Information Retrieval succeeds in organizing and condensing all this research into a manageable volume that describes TREC history and summarizes the main lessons learned. The book is organized into three parts. The first part is devoted to the description of TREC's origin and history, the test collections, and the evaluation methodology developed. The second part describes a selection of the major evaluation exercises (tracks), and the third part contains contributions from research groups that had a large and remarkable participation in TREC. Finally, Karen Spark Jones, one of the main promoters of research in IR, closes the book with an epilogue that analyzes the impact of TREC on this research field.
... TREC: Experiment and Evaluation in Information Retrieval is a reliable and comprehensive review of the TREC program and has been adopted by NIST as the official history of TREC (see http://trec.nist.gov). We were favorably surprised by the book. Well structured and written, chapters are self-contained and the existence of references to specialized and more detailed publications is continuous, which makes it easier to expand into the different aspects analyzed in the text. This book succeeds in compiling TREC evolution from its inception in 1992 to 2003 in an adequate and manageable volume. Thanks to the impressive effort performed by the authors and their experience in the field, it can satiate the interests of a great variety of readers. While expert researchers in the IR field and IR-related industrial companies can use it as a reference manual, it seems especially useful for students and non-expert readers willing to approach this research area. Like NIST, we would recommend this reading to anyone who may be interested in textual information retrieval."
- LCSH
- Information storage and retrieval systems / Congresses
Text REtrieval Conference
- RSWK
- Information Retrieval / Textverarbeitung / Aufsatzsammlung (BVB)
Kongress / Information Retrieval / Kongress (GBV)
- Subject
- Information Retrieval / Textverarbeitung / Aufsatzsammlung (BVB)
Kongress / Information Retrieval / Kongress (GBV)
Information storage and retrieval systems / Congresses
Text REtrieval Conference
-
Johnson, E.H.: Objects for distributed heterogeneous information retrieval (2000)
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- Abstract
- The success of the World Wide Web Shows that we can access, search, and retrieve information from globally distributed databases. lf a database, such as a library catalog, has some sort of Web-based front end, we can type its URL into a Web browser and use its HTML-based forms to search for items in that database. Depending an how well the query conforms to the database content, how the search engine interprets the query, and how the server formats the results into HTML, we might actually find something usable. While the first two issues depend an ourselves and the server, an the Web the latter falls to the mercy of HTML, which we all know as a great destroyer of information because it codes for display but not for content description. When looking at an HTML-formatted display, we must depend an our own interpretation to recognize such entities as author names, titles, and subject identifiers. The Web browser can do nothing but display the information. lf we want some other view of the result, such as sorting the records by date (provided it offers such an option to begin with), the server must do it. This makes poor use of the computing power we have at the desktop (or even laptop), which, unless it involves retrieving more records, could easily do the result Set manipulation that we currently send back to the server. Despite having personal computers wich immense computational power, as far as information retrieval goes, we still essentially use them as dumb terminals.
- Date
- 22. 9.1997 19:16:05
- Imprint
- Urbana-Champaign, IL : Illinois University at Urbana-Champaign, Graduate School of Library and Information Science
-
Olvera Lobo, M.D.: Rendimiento de los sistemas de recuperacion de informacion en al World Wide Web : revision metodologica (2000)
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- Footnote
- Übers. d. Titels: Methodology for evaluating information retrieval in WWW search engines
-
Olsen, K.A.: ¬The Internet, the Web, and eBusiness : formalizing applications for the real world (2005)
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- BK
- 05.38 Neue elektronische Medien <Kommunikationswissenschaft>
85.20 Betriebliche Information und Kommunikation
- Classification
- 004.678 22
05.38 Neue elektronische Medien <Kommunikationswissenschaft>
85.20 Betriebliche Information und Kommunikation
- DDC
- 004.678 22
- Footnote
- Rez. in: JASIST 57(2006) no.14, S.1979-1980 (J.G. Williams): "The Introduction and Part I of this book presents the world of computing with a historical and philosophical overview of computers, computer applications, networks, the World Wide Web, and eBusiness based on the notion that the real world places constraints on the application of these technologies and without a formalized approach, the benefits of these technologies cannot be realized. The concepts of real world constraints and the need for formalization are used as the cornerstones for a building-block approach for helping the reader understand computing, networking, the World Wide Web, and the applications that use these technologies as well as all the possibilities that these technologies hold for the future. The author's building block approach to understanding computing, networking and application building makes the book useful for science, business, and engineering students taking an introductory computing course and for social science students who want to understand more about the social impact of computers, the Internet, and Web technology. It is useful as well for managers and designers of Web and ebusiness applications, and for the general public who are interested in understanding how these technologies may impact their lives, their jobs, and the social context in which they live and work. The book does assume some experience and terminology in using PCs and the Internet but is not intended for computer science students, although they could benefit from the philosophical basis and the diverse viewpoints presented. The author uses numerous analogies from domains outside the area of computing to illustrate concepts and points of view that make the content understandable as well as interesting to individuals without any in-depth knowledge of computing, networking, software engineering, system design, ebusiness, and Web design. These analogies include interesting real-world events ranging from the beginning of railroads, to Henry Ford's mass produced automobile, to the European Space Agency's loss of the 7 billion dollar Adriane rocket, to travel agency booking, to medical systems, to banking, to expanding democracy. The book gives the pros and cons of the possibilities offered by the Internet and the Web by presenting numerous examples and an analysis of the pros and cons of these technologies for the examples provided. The author shows, in an interesting manner, how the new economy based on the Internet and the Web affects society and business life on a worldwide basis now and how it will affect the future, and how society can take advantage of the opportunities that the Internet and the Web offer.
The book is organized into six sections or parts with several chapters within each part. Part 1, does a good job of building an understanding some of the historical aspects of computing and why formalization is important for building computer-based applications. A distinction is made between formalized and unformalized data, processes, and procedures, which the author cleverly uses to show how the level of formalization of data, processes, and procedures determines the functionality of computer applications. Part I also discusses the types of data that can be represented in symbolic form, which is crucial to using computer and networking technology in a virtual environment. This part also discusses the technical and cultural constraints upon computing, networking, and web technologies with many interesting examples. The cultural constraints discussed range from copyright to privacy issues. Part 1 is critical to understanding the author's point of view and discussions in other sections of the book. The discussion on machine intelligence and natural language processing is particularly well done. Part 2 discusses the fundamental concepts and standards of the Internet and Web. Part 3 introduces the need for formalization to construct ebusiness applications in the business-to-consumer category (B2C). There are many good and interesting examples of these B2C applications and the associated analyses of them using the concepts introduced in Parts I and 2 of the book. Part 4 examines the formalization of business-to-business (B2B) applications and discusses the standards that are needed to transmit data with a high level of formalization. Part 5 is a rather fascinating discussion of future possibilities and Part 6 presents a concise summary and conclusion. The book covers a wide array of subjects in the computing, networking, and Web areas and although all of them are presented in an interesting style, some subjects may be more relevant and useful to individuals depending on their background or academic discipline. Part 1 is relevant to all potential readers no matter what their background or academic discipline but Part 2 is a little more technical; although most people with an information technology or computer science background will not find much new here with the exception of the chapters on "Dynamic Web Pages" and "Embedded Scripts." Other readers will find this section informative and useful for understanding other parts of the book. Part 3 does not offer individuals with a background in computing, networking, or information science much in addition to what they should already know, but the chapters on "Searching" and "Web Presence" may be useful because they present some interesting notions about using the Web. Part 3 gives an overview of B2C applications and is where the author provides examples of the difference between services that are completely symbolic and services that have both a symbolic portion and a physical portion. Part 4 of the book discusses B2B technology once again with many good examples. The chapter on "XML" in Part 4 is not appropriate for readers without a technical background. Part 5 is a teacher's dream because it offers a number of situations that can be used for classroom discussions or case studies independent of background or academic discipline.
Each chapter provides suggestions for exercises and discussions, which makes the book useful as a textbook. The suggestions in the exercise and discussion section at the end of each chapter are simply delightful to read and provide a basis for some lively discussion and fun exercises by students. These exercises appear to be well thought out and are intended to highlight the content of the chapter. The notes at the end of chapters provide valuable data that help the reader to understand a topic or a reference to an entity that the reader may not know. Chapter 1 on "formalism," chapter 2 on "symbolic data," chapter 3 on "constraints on technology," and chapter 4 on "cultural constraints" are extremely well presented and every reader needs to read these chapters because they lay the foundation for most of the chapters that follow. The analogies, examples, and points of view presented make for some really interesting reading and lively debate and discussion. These chapters comprise Part 1 of the book and not only provide a foundation for the rest of the book but could be used alone as the basis of a social science course on computing, networking, and the Web. Chapters 5 and 6 on Internet protocols and the development of Web protocols may be more detailed and filled with more acronyms than the average person wants to deal with but content is presented with analogies and examples that make it easier to digest. Chapter 7 will capture most readers attention because it discusses how e-mail works and many of the issues with e-mail, which a majority of people in developed countries have dealt with. Chapter 8 is also one that most people will be interested in reading because it shows how Internet browsers work and the many issues such as security associated with these software entities. Chapter 9 discusses the what, why, and how of the World Wide Web, which is a lead-in to chapter 10 on "Searching the Web" and chapter 11 on "Organizing the Web-Portals," which are two chapters that even technically oriented people should read since it provides information that most people outside of information and library science are not likely to know.
Chapter 12 on "Web Presence" is a useful discussion of what it means to have a Web site that is indexed by a spider from a major Web search engine. Chapter 13 on "Mobile Computing" is very well done and gives the reader a solid basis of what is involved with mobile computing without overwhelming them with technical details. Chapter 14 discusses the difference between pull technologies and push technologies using the Web that is understandable to almost anyone who has ever used the Web. Chapters 15, 16, and 17 are for the technically stout at heart; they cover "Dynamic Web Pages," " Embedded Scripts," and "Peer-to-Peer Computing." These three chapters will tend to dampen the spirits of anyone who does not come from a technical background. Chapter 18 on "Symbolic Services-Information Providers" and chapter 19 on "OnLine Symbolic Services-Case Studies" are ideal for class discussion and students assignments as is chapter 20, "Online Retail Shopping-Physical Items." Chapter 21 presents a number of case studies on the "Technical Constraints" discussed in chapter 3 and chapter 22 presents case studies on the "Cultural Constraints" discussed in chapter 4. These case studies are not only presented in an interesting manner they focus on situations that most Web users have encountered but never really given much thought to. Chapter 24 "A Better Model?" discusses a combined "formalized/unformalized" model that might make Web applications such as banking and booking travel work better than the current models. This chapter will cause readers to think about the role of formalization and the unformalized processes that are involved in any application. Chapters 24, 25, 26, and 27 which discuss the role of "Data Exchange," "Formalized Data Exchange," "Electronic Data Interchange-EDI," and "XML" in business-to-business applications on the Web may stress the limits of the nontechnically oriented reader even though it is presented in a very understandable manner. Chapters 28, 29, 30, and 31 discuss Web services, the automated value chain, electronic market places, and outsourcing, which are of high interest to business students, businessmen, and designers of Web applications and can be skimmed by others who want to understand ebusiness but are not interested in the details. In Part 5, the chapters 32, 33, and 34 on "Interfacing with the Web of the Future," "A Disruptive Technology," "Virtual Businesses," and "Semantic Web," were, for me, who teaches courses in IT and develops ebusiness applications the most interesting chapters in the book because they provided some useful insights about what is likely to happen in the future. The summary in part 6 of the book is quite well done and I wish I had read it before I started reading the other parts of the book.
The book is quite large with over 400 pages and covers a myriad of topics, which is probably more than any one course could cover but an instructor could pick and choose those chapters most appropriate to the course content. The book could be used for multiple courses by selecting the relevant topics. I enjoyed the first person, rather down to earth, writing style and the number of examples and analogies that the author presented. I believe most people could relate to the examples and situations presented by the author. As a teacher in Information Technology, the discussion questions at the end of the chapters and the case studies are a valuable resource as are the end of chapter notes. I highly recommend this book for an introductory course that combines computing, networking, the Web, and ebusiness for Business and Social Science students as well as an introductory course for students in Information Science, Library Science, and Computer Science. Likewise, I believe IT managers and Web page designers could benefit from selected chapters in the book."
- LCSH
- World Wide Web
- RSWK
- Internet / World Wide Web / Electronic Commerce
- Subject
- Internet / World Wide Web / Electronic Commerce
World Wide Web
-
Manning, C.D.; Raghavan, P.; Schütze, H.: Introduction to information retrieval (2008)
0.04
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- Abstract
- Class-tested and coherent, this textbook teaches information retrieval, including web search, text classification, and text clustering from basic concepts. Ideas are explained using examples and figures, making it perfect for introductory courses in information retrieval for advanced undergraduates and graduate students. Slides and additional exercises are available for lecturers. - This book provides what Salton and Van Rijsbergen both failed to achieve. Even more important, unlike some other books in IR, the authors appear to care about making the theory as accessible as possible to the reader, on occasion including short primers to certain topics or choosing to explain difficult concepts using simplified approaches. Its coverage [is] excellent, the quality of writing high and I was surprised how much I learned from reading it. I think the online resources are impressive.
- Content
- Inhalt: Boolean retrieval - The term vocabulary & postings lists - Dictionaries and tolerant retrieval - Index construction - Index compression - Scoring, term weighting & the vector space model - Computing scores in a complete search system - Evaluation in information retrieval - Relevance feedback & query expansion - XML retrieval - Probabilistic information retrieval - Language models for information retrieval - Text classification & Naive Bayes - Vector space classification - Support vector machines & machine learning on documents - Flat clustering - Hierarchical clustering - Matrix decompositions & latent semantic indexing - Web search basics - Web crawling and indexes - Link analysis Vgl. die digitale Fassung unter: http://nlp.stanford.edu/IR-book/pdf/irbookprint.pdf.
- LCSH
- Information retrieval
Semantic Web
- RSWK
- Dokumentverarbeitung / Information Retrieval / Abfrageverarbeitung (GBV)
Information Retrieval / Einführung (BVB)
Semantic Web (BVB)
World Wide Web / Suchmaschine (HBZ)
- Subject
- Dokumentverarbeitung / Information Retrieval / Abfrageverarbeitung (GBV)
Information Retrieval / Einführung (BVB)
Semantic Web (BVB)
World Wide Web / Suchmaschine (HBZ)
Information retrieval
Semantic Web
