-
Carey, K.; Stringer, R.: ¬The power of nine : a preliminary investigation into navigation strategies for the new library with special reference to disabled people (2000)
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- Pages
- 22 S
- Series
- British Library: Library and Information Commission research report; 74
-
Woldering, B.: Europeana - mehrsprachiger Zugang zu Europas digitalem Kulturerbe (2008)
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- Abstract
- The Europeana, the European digital library web-service, is being developed in the framework of the EU-funded network EDLnet. The demo version of this webservice was shown at an international conference at the German National Library in Frankfurt on 1 February 2008, the prototype will be launched in November 2008. In November 2007 the EDL Foundation was established to provide cross-domain multilingual access to Europe's cultural heritage. It will facilitate formal agreement across museums, archives, audio-visual archives and libraries on how to cooperate in the delivery and sustainability of a joint portal and will provide a legal framework for use by the EU for funding purposes and as a springboard for future governance. The European Commission is supporting the process towards the Europeana with a set of projects centering on The European Library. This webservice created by the European national libraries is seen as one of the major building blocks of the Europeana.
- Date
- 22. 2.2009 19:11:35
- Source
- New pespectives on subject indexing and classification: essays in honour of Magda Heiner-Freiling. Red.: K. Knull-Schlomann, u.a
- Theme
- Information Gateway
-
Hemmig, W.S.: ¬The information-seeking behavior of visual artists : a literature review (2008)
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- Abstract
- Purpose - The purpose of this paper is to examine the literature on the information behavior of practicing visual artists to determine if a consistent model emerges and what further research is necessary. Design/methodology/approach - Works dealing with the information needs and uses relevant to the creative activities of visual artists are discussed in the paper. These works are assessed for their contributions toward understanding of the specific information behaviors of practicing artists. Findings - The results show that a consistent model of artists' information behavior emerges. However, nearly all of the literature focuses on art students, academic art faculty, or librarians, and so any claim that practicing artists fit the model is largely unsupported by research. There have been no published studies of communities of practicing visual artists. The implications of defining artists as communities of practice are discussed. Research limitations/implications - Research is proposed that studies the information behavior of communities of practicing visual artists in order to confirm or amend the existing model. Practical implications - Practitioners will have their attention drawn to an underserved user population whose information needs and behaviors have not been directly targeted for research. They will recognize the need for study of their own artist communities and the development of services for them. Originality/value - This paper directs the discussion of artists' information behavior away from the art-library-specific literature, where it has largely resided, as a means of adjusting the focus of research onto the largely unstudied and underserved communities of practicing artists.
- Date
- 7. 6.2008 12:22:23
- Source
- Journal of documentation. 64(2008) no.3, S.343-362
-
Jacso, P.: Testing the calculation of a realistic h-index in Google Scholar, Scopus, and Web of Science for F. W. Lancaster (2008)
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- Abstract
- This paper focuses on the practical limitations in the content and software of the databases that are used to calculate the h-index for assessing the publishing productivity and impact of researchers. To celebrate F. W. Lancaster's biological age of seventy-five, and "scientific age" of forty-five, this paper discusses the related features of Google Scholar, Scopus, and Web of Science (WoS), and demonstrates in the latter how a much more realistic and fair h-index can be computed for F. W. Lancaster than the one produced automatically. Browsing and searching the cited reference index of the 1945-2007 edition of WoS, which in my estimate has over a hundred million "orphan references" that have no counterpart master records to be attached to, and "stray references" that cite papers which do have master records but cannot be identified by the matching algorithm because of errors of omission and commission in the references of the citing works, can bring up hundreds of additional cited references given to works of an accomplished author but are ignored in the automatic process of calculating the h-index. The partially manual process doubled the h-index value for F. W. Lancaster from 13 to 26, which is a much more realistic value for an information scientist and professor of his stature.
- Content
- Beitrag in einem Themenheft 'The Influence of F. W. Lancaster on Information Science and on Libraries', das als Festschrift für F.W. Lancaster deklariert ist.
- Object
- Web of Science
-
Italian Commission for the Revision of Cataloguing Rules: New national rules for Italian library catalogues (2008)
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-
Steenbakkers, J.F.: NEDLIB Guidelines for setting up a deposit system for electronic publications (2001)
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- Abstract
- Archiving of electronic publications and providing long-term access to this information, in other words offering digital continuity, is one of the major challenges facing national libraries and national archives. From 1998-2000 a group of these institutions has joined forces with a number of publishers and ICT suppliers to search for solutions. This project named NEDLIB (Networked European Deposit Library) was co-funded by the European Commission. It had the aims to study and test the functional and technical aspects of a deposit for electronic publications. Amongst the results published by NEDLIB are: standards and a functional model for a deposit system for electronic publications, information on techniques and metadata for long-term preservation, an inventory of electronic publishing standards and also a general guidelines for setting up a deposit system for electronic publications
- Source
- Zeitschrift für Bibliothekswesen und Bibliographie. 48(2001) H.3/4, S.181-183
-
Banwell, L.: Developing and evaluation framework for a supranational digital library (2003)
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- Abstract
- The paper will explore the issues surrounding the development of an evaluation framework for a supranational digital library system, as seen through the TEL (The European Library) project. It will describe work an the project to date, and seek to establish what are the key drivers, priorities and barriers encountered, in developing such a framework. TEL is being funded by the EU as an Accompanying Measure in the IST program. Its main focus of is an consensus building, and also includes preparatory technical work to develop testbeds, which will gauge to what extent interoperability is achievable. In order for TEL to take its place as a major Information Society initiative of the EU, it needs to be closely attuned to the needs, expectations and realities of its user communities, which comprise the citizens of the project's national partners. To this end the evaluation framework described in this paper, is being developed by establishing the users' viewpoints and priorities in relation to the key project themes. A summary of the issues to be used in the baseline, and to be expanded upon in the paper, follows: - Establishing the differing contexts of the national library partners, and the differing national priorities which will impact an TEL - Exploring the differing expectations relating to building and using the hybrid library - Exploring the differing expectations relating to TEL. TEL needs to add value - what does this mean in each partner state, and for the individuals within them? 1. Introduction to TEL TEL (The European Library) is a thirty month project, funded by the European Commission as part of its Fifth Framework Programme for research. It aims to set up a co-operative framework for access to the major national, mainly digital, collections in European national libraries. TEL is funded as an Accompanying Measure, designed to support the work of the IST (Information Society Technologies) Programme an the development of access to cultural and scientific knowledge. TEL will stop short of becoming a live service during the lifetime of the project, and is focused an ensuring co-operative and concerted approaches to technical and business issues associated with large-scale content development. It will lay the policy and technical groundwork towards a pan European digital library based an distributed digital collections, and providing seamless access to the digital resources of major European national libraries. It began in February, 2001, and has eight national library partners: Finland, Germany, Italy, the Netherlands, Portugal, Slovenia, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. It is also seeking to encourage the participation of all European national libraries in due course.
- Source
- Challenges in knowledge representation and organization for the 21st century: Integration of knowledge across boundaries. Proceedings of the 7th ISKO International Conference Granada, Spain, July 10-13, 2002. Ed.: M. López-Huertas
- Theme
- Information Gateway
-
Cataloging cultural objects: . Chicago: American Library Association, 396 p. ISBN 978-0-8389-3564-4 (pbk.) : a guide to describing cultural work and their images (2006)
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- Abstract
- For the first time, under the leadership of the Visual Resources Association, a cross section of five visual and cultural heritage experts, along with scores of reviewers from varied institutions, have created a new data content standard focused on cultural materials. This cutting-edge reference offers practical resources for cataloging and flexibility to meet the needs of a wide range of institutions - from libraries to museums to archives to visual collections. Consistently following these guidelines for selecting, ordering, and formatting data used to populate metadata elements in cultural materials' catalog records: promotes good descriptive cataloging and reduces redundancy; builds a foundation of shared documentation; creates data sharing opportunities; and, complements existing standards
- BK
- 06.00 / Information und Dokumentation: Allgemeines
- Classification
- 06.00 / Information und Dokumentation: Allgemeines
- Footnote
- Rez. in: KO 34(2007) no.4, S. 264-265 (L.C. Howarth): "At a time when cataloguing code revision is continuing apace with the consolidation of the International Standard Bibliographic Description (ISBD), the drafting of RDA: Resource Description and Access, and the development of common principles for an international cataloguing code (International Meeting of Experts on an International Cataloguing Code [IME ICC]), the publication of a guide for cataloguing cultural objects is timely and purposeful. Compiling this data content standard on behalf of the Visual Resources Association, the five editors - with oversight from an advisory board - have divided the guide into three parts. Following a brief introduction outlining the purpose, intended audience, and scope and methodology for the publication, Part One, General Guidelines, explains both what the Cataloging Cultural Objects (CCO) guide is "a broad document that includes rules for formatting data, suggestions for required information, controlled vocabulary requirements, and display issues" (p. I) and is not "not a metadata element set per se" (p. 1). Part Two, Elements, is further divided into nine chapters dealing with one or more metadata elements, and describing the relationships between and among each element. Part Three, Authorities, discusses what elements to include in building authority records. A Selected Bibliography, Glossary, and Index, respectively, round out the guide.
As the editors note in their introduction, "Standards that guide data structure, data values, and data content form the basis for a set of tools that can lead to good descriptive cataloging, consistent documentation, shared records, and increased end-user access" (p. xi). The VRA Core Categories, for example, represent a set of metadata elements expressed within an XML structure (data structure). Likewise, the Art Architecture Thesaurus contains sets of terms and relationships, or defined data values. While much effort has been expended on developing both data structures and values, the editors argue, the third leg of the stool, data content, has received less attention. Unlike the library community with its Anglo-American Cataloging Rules [sic though RDA is referenced in the Selected Bibliography], or its archival equivalent, Describing Archives: A Content Standard (DACS), those in the domain of cultural heritage responsible for describing and documenting works of art, architecture, cultural artifacts, and their respective images, have not had the benefit of such data content standards. CCO is intended to address (or redress) that gap, emphasizing the exercise of good judgment and cataloguer discretion over the application of "rigid rules" [p. xii], and building on existing standards. ... Overall, Cataloging Cultural Objects with its attending guidelines for descriptive metadata and authority control for "one-of-a-kind cultural objects" should merit a place among the "well-established" data content standards of the library and archival communities that CCO references with obvious regard."
- LCSH
- Cataloging of art / Handbooks, manuals, etc.
Cataloging of pictures / Handbooks, manuals, etc.
- RSWK
- Kulturgut / Dokumentation / Inventarisierung / Richtlinie (GBV)
Kulturerbe / Dokumentation / Norm <Normung> (SWB)
- Subject
- Kulturgut / Dokumentation / Inventarisierung / Richtlinie (GBV)
Kulturerbe / Dokumentation / Norm <Normung> (SWB)
Cataloging of art / Handbooks, manuals, etc.
Cataloging of pictures / Handbooks, manuals, etc.
-
Palm, F.: QVIZ : Query and context based visualization of time-spatial cultural dynamics (2007)
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- Abstract
- QVIZ will research and create a framework for visualizing and querying archival resources by a time-space interface based on maps and emergent knowledge structures. The framework will also integrate social software, such as wikis, in order to utilize knowledge in existing and new communities of practice. QVIZ will lead to improved information sharing and knowledge creation, easier access to information in a user-adapted context and innovative ways of exploring and visualizing materials over time, between countries and other administrative units. The common European framework for sharing and accessing archival information provided by the QVIZ project will open a considerably larger commercial market based on archival materials as well as a richer understanding of European history.
- Content
- Vortrag anlässlich des Workshops: "Extending the multilingual capacity of The European Library in the EDL project Stockholm, Swedish National Library, 22-23 November 2007".
-
Madison, O.M.A.: Utilizing the FRBR framework in designing user-focused digital content and access systems (2006)
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- Abstract
- This paper discusses the rapidly expanding environment of emerging electronic content and the importance of librarians to partner with new research and teaching communities in meeting users' needs to find, identify, select, and obtain the information and resources they need. The methodology and framework of the International Federation of Library Associations and Institutions' Functional Requirements for Bibliographic Records could serve as a useful tool in building expanded access and content systems.
- Date
- 10. 9.2000 17:38:22
-
Srinivasan, R.; Pepe, A.; Rodriguez, M.A.: ¬A clustering-based semi-automated technique to build cultural ontologies (2009)
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- Abstract
- This article presents and validates a clustering-based method for creating cultural ontologies for community-oriented information systems. The introduced semiautomated approach merges distributed annotation techniques, or subjective assessments of similarities between cultural categories, with established clustering methods to produce cognate ontologies. This approach is validated against a locally authentic ethnographic method, involving direct work with communities for the design of fluid ontologies. The evaluation is conducted with of a set of Native American communities located in San Diego County (CA, US). The principal aim of this research is to discover whether distributing the annotation process among isolated respondents would enable ontology hierarchies to be created that are similar to those that are crafted according to collaborative ethnographic processes, found to be effective in generating continuous usage across several studies. Our findings suggest that the proposed semiautomated solution best optimizes among issues of interoperability and scalability, deemphasized in the fluid ontology approach, and sustainable usage.
- Date
- 22. 3.2009 18:02:06
- Source
- Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology. 60(2009) no.3, S.608-620
-
Heery, R.; Wagner, H.: ¬A metadata registry for the Semantic Web (2002)
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- Abstract
- The Semantic Web activity is a W3C project whose goal is to enable a 'cooperative' Web where machines and humans can exchange electronic content that has clear-cut, unambiguous meaning. This vision is based on the automated sharing of metadata terms across Web applications. The declaration of schemas in metadata registries advance this vision by providing a common approach for the discovery, understanding, and exchange of semantics. However, many of the issues regarding registries are not clear, and ideas vary regarding their scope and purpose. Additionally, registry issues are often difficult to describe and comprehend without a working example. This article will explore the role of metadata registries and will describe three prototypes, written by the Dublin Core Metadata Initiative. The article will outline how the prototypes are being used to demonstrate and evaluate application scope, functional requirements, and technology solutions for metadata registries. Metadata schema registries are, in effect, databases of schemas that can trace an historical line back to shared data dictionaries and the registration process encouraged by the ISO/IEC 11179 community. New impetus for the development of registries has come with the development activities surrounding creation of the Semantic Web. The motivation for establishing registries arises from domain and standardization communities, and from the knowledge management community. Examples of current registry activity include:
* Agencies maintaining directories of data elements in a domain area in accordance with ISO/IEC 11179 (This standard specifies good practice for data element definition as well as the registration process. Example implementations are the National Health Information Knowledgebase hosted by the Australian Institute of Health and Welfare and the Environmental Data Registry hosted by the US Environmental Protection Agency.); * The xml.org directory of the Extended Markup Language (XML) document specifications facilitating re-use of Document Type Definition (DTD), hosted by the Organization for the Advancement of Structured Information Standards (OASIS); * The MetaForm database of Dublin Core usage and mappings maintained at the State and University Library in Goettingen; * The Semantic Web Agreement Group Dictionary, a database of terms for the Semantic Web that can be referred to by humans and software agents; * LEXML, a multi-lingual and multi-jurisdictional RDF Dictionary for the legal world; * The SCHEMAS registry maintained by the European Commission funded SCHEMAS project, which indexes several metadata element sets as well as a large number of activity reports describing metadata related activities and initiatives. Metadata registries essentially provide an index of terms. Given the distributed nature of the Web, there are a number of ways this can be accomplished. For example, the registry could link to terms and definitions in schemas published by implementers and stored locally by the schema maintainer. Alternatively, the registry might harvest various metadata schemas from their maintainers. Registries provide 'added value' to users by indexing schemas relevant to a particular 'domain' or 'community of use' and by simplifying the navigation of terms by enabling multiple schemas to be accessed from one view. An important benefit of this approach is an increase in the reuse of existing terms, rather than users having to reinvent them. Merging schemas to one view leads to harmonization between applications and helps avoid duplication of effort. Additionally, the establishment of registries to index terms actively being used in local implementations facilitates the metadata standards activity by providing implementation experience transferable to the standards-making process.
-
Koch, T.; Neuroth, H.; Day, M.: Renardus: Cross-browsing European subject gateways via a common classification system (DDC) (2003)
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- Abstract
- This paper presents the approach and first results of the classification mapping process in the EU project Renardus. The outcome in Renardus is a cross-browsing feature based an the Dewey Decimal Classification (DDC) and improved subject searching across distributed and heterogeneous European subject gateways. The paper presents the project's initial experiences and decisions, e.g. an investigation of the use of classification systems by Renardus partners' gateways, general mapping approaches and issues, the definition of mapping relationships and some information an technical solutions and the mapping tool. There is also a demonstration of the use of the mapping information in Renardus and the presentation of several features that have been implemented to aid end-user navigation in a large and deep browsing structure like the DDC. Classification mapping for crossbrowsing is a labour intensive and complex effort which at the moment raises many open questions and leaves many more future potential work tasks than completed useful solutions.
- Content
- "1. The EU projeet Renardus Renardus is a project funded by the European Commission as part of the Information Society Technologies (IST) programme, part of the European Union's 5th Framework Programme. Partners in Renardus include national libraries, research centres and subject gateway services from Denmark, Finland, Germany, The Netherlands, Sweden and the UK, co-ordinated by the National Library of the Netherlands. The project aims to develop a Web-based service to enable searching and browsing across a range of distributed European-based information services designed for the academic and research communities - and in particular those services known as subject gateways. These gateways are services that provide access to Internet resources. They tend to be selective with regard to the resources they give access to, and are usually based an the manual creation of descriptive metadata. Services typically provide users with both search and browse facilities, and offen offer hierarchical browse structures based an subject classification schemes (Koch & Day, 1997). Predecessor projects like the EU project DESIRE have already developed solutions for the description of individual resources and for automatic classification at the level of an individual subject gateway using established classification systems. Renardus intends to develop a service that can cross-search and cross-browse a number of distributed subject gateways through the use of a common metadata profile and by the mapping all locally-used classification schemes to a common scheme. A thorough review of existing data models (Becker, et al., 2000) was used as the basis for the agreement of a minimum set of Dublin Core-based metadata elements that could be utilised as a common data model. A comprehensive mapping effort from the individual gateways' metadata element sets and content encoding schemes to the common profile has taken place. This provides the infrastructure for interoperability between all participating databases and thus is the necessary prerequisite for cross-searching."
- Source
- Subject retrieval in a networked environment: Proceedings of the IFLA Satellite Meeting held in Dublin, OH, 14-16 August 2001 and sponsored by the IFLA Classification and Indexing Section, the IFLA Information Technology Section and OCLC. Ed.: I.C. McIlwaine
- Theme
- Information Gateway
-
Hunter, E.J.: Classification - made simple (2002)
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- Abstract
- This is an attempt to simplify the initial study of classification as used for information retrieval. The text adopts a gradual progression from very basic principles, one which should enable the reader to gain a firm grasp of one idea before proceeding to the next.
- RSWK
- Bibliothek / Information und Dokumentation / Klassifikation
- Subject
- Bibliothek / Information und Dokumentation / Klassifikation
-
Tillett, B.B.: Authority control at the international level (2000)
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- Abstract
- International efforts to provide authority control include the work of IFLA, the AUTHOR Project funded by the European Commission, and related work conducted under the auspices of the ICA/CDS. IFLA developed the guidelines Form and Structure of Corporate Headings, documented the formulation of names along the lines of national origin in its publication Names of Persons, and published Guidelines for Authority and Reference Entries. Attention has shifted from a single authority record for each entity that would be shared internationally through the exchange of records to linking parallel authority records for the same entity. The access control of the future will account for difference in cataloging rules, transliteration standards, and cultural differences within the same language as well as for the need for different languages and scripts and will enable users to display the script and form of a heading that they expect. Project AUTHOR is a shared set of resource national authority files that used selections from the authority files of France, the United Kingdom, Spain, Portugal, and Belgium. The prototype tested an adaptation of Z39.50 server software for authority records and displays for user interface. An international standard for authority control records has been developed for corporate bodies, persons, and families. Through joint meetings efforts have been synchronized to develop authority control at the international level.
- Date
- 10. 9.2000 17:38:22
- Footnote
- Beitrag in einem Themenheft "What in the World...Cataloging on an International Scale": papers from the ALCTS preconference, June 26, 1998 "What in the World...Cataloging on an International Scale". ALCTS Preconference, Washington, D.C.
-
Zumer, M.; Clavel-Merrin, G.: TEL-ME-MOR : investigating subject access tools and practices of European national libraries (2008)
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- Abstract
- TEL-ME-MOR is funded by European Commission, Directorate E - Content, as a result of the third call for proposals published in 2004, under the Sixth Framework Programme (FP6). As part of Workpackage 3 the national libraries of the 10 New Member States responded to a questionnaire to enable the TEL-ME-MOR project to establish an overview of subject access tools and practice in their institutions. Results are analysed and areas for further study are identified, in particular in the field of cross language access.
- Source
- Kompatibilität, Medien und Ethik in der Wissensorganisation - Compatibility, Media and Ethics in Knowledge Organization: Proceedings der 10. Tagung der Deutschen Sektion der Internationalen Gesellschaft für Wissensorganisation Wien, 3.-5. Juli 2006 - Proceedings of the 10th Conference of the German Section of the International Society of Knowledge Organization Vienna, 3-5 July 2006. Ed.: H.P. Ohly, S. Netscher u. K. Mitgutsch
-
Van der Veer Martens, B.; Goodrum, G.: ¬The diffusion of theories : a functional approach (2006)
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- Abstract
- This comparative case study of the diffusion and nondiffusion over time of eight theories in the social sciences uses citation analysis, citation context analysis, content analysis, surveys of editorial review boards, and personal interviews with theorists to develop a model of the theory functions that facilitate theory diffusion throughout specific intellectual communities. Unlike previous work on the diffusion of theories as innovations, this theory functions model differs in several important respects from the findings of previous studies that employed Everett Rogers's classic typology of innovation characteristics that promote diffusion. The model is also presented as a contribution to a more integrated theory of citation.
- Date
- 22. 7.2006 15:20:01
- Source
- Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology. 57(2006) no.3, S.330-341
-
Information Macht Bildung. : Zweiter Gemeinsamer Kongress der Bundesvereinigung Deutscher Bibliotheksverbände e. V. (BDB) und der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Informationswissenschaft und Informationspraxis e. V. (DGI), Leipzig, 23. bis 26. März 2004, zugleich 93. Deutscher Bibliothekartag (2004)
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- BK
- 06.04 / Ausbildung, Beruf, Organisationen <Information und Dokumentation>
- Classification
- AN 50600 Allgemeines / Buch- und Bibliothekswesen, Informationswissenschaft / Bibliothekswesen / Bibliographien, Sammelschriften / Tagungs- und Kongreßberichte (CSN)
06.04 / Ausbildung, Beruf, Organisationen <Information und Dokumentation>
BF F 430.60
- Date
- 22. 2.2008 14:21:53
- KAB
- BF F 430.60
- RSWK
- Bibliothek / Information und Dokumentation / Kongress / Leipzig <2004>
Bundesvereinigung Deutscher Bibliotheksverbände / Information / Bildung / Kongress / Geschichte 2004 (GBV)
- RVK
- AN 50600 Allgemeines / Buch- und Bibliothekswesen, Informationswissenschaft / Bibliothekswesen / Bibliographien, Sammelschriften / Tagungs- und Kongreßberichte (CSN)
- Subject
- Bibliothek / Information und Dokumentation / Kongress / Leipzig <2004>
Bundesvereinigung Deutscher Bibliotheksverbände / Information / Bildung / Kongress / Geschichte 2004 (GBV)
-
White, H.C.: Exploring evolutionary biologists' use and perceptions of semantic metadata for data curation (2008)
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- Abstract
- The wide acceptance of social networking tools in online environments is prompting scientists to engage in metadata creation in not only for organizing their own digital records, but also for contributing to data and journal repositories. Understanding the behaviors and practices of these communities can help us create more effective metadata structures within our information systems. This point is underscored by information science researchers who have emphasized the need to examine how certain communities interact with, search for, or organize information (Palmer 2001). By examining scientists, information professionals can be more informed in how to create better collections, services, and systems. As library and repository collections become more diverse and personalized, the organization and ingest techniques/applications behind those systems also should be based on observations of how actual user communities work. One area that is relevant to the practice of scientists and metadata is personal information management (PIM). The study of personal Information management typically focuses on finding (a relative of retrieval), refinding, maintenance, and organization. Metadata is at the core of these activities, although current research seems to focus more on task completion, rather than the underlying metadata structures and arrangements. Most PIM studies and writings have focused on tool development and finding (Jones 2007), but have rarely look closely at the organizational/metadata practices of individuals. As scientific communities, like evolutionary biology, turn more to cyberinfrastructures for sharing and collaborating with each other, it is important for information professionals to understand the more personal aspects of metadata generation and organization. Recent studies done by the Dryad repository69 team have looked at different aspects of data sharing and reuse in the evolutionary biology community. These studies have prompted questions about metadatageneration by scientists, their perceptions of the process, and the link between their metadata and the structures imposed in information systems. This poster will report on a study examining how evolutionary biologists create and use personal metadata to organize their research data. Using an ethnographic interview technique, participants are being interviewed about their current and previous data organization styles and techniques. This information about metadata and information organization can be used to inform new workflow and organization models for knowledge organization and metadata creation practices in developments for repositories, libraries, and cyberinfrastructures.
- Source
- Metadata for semantic and social applications : proceedings of the International Conference on Dublin Core and Metadata Applications, Berlin, 22 - 26 September 2008, DC 2008: Berlin, Germany / ed. by Jane Greenberg and Wolfgang Klas
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Yang, C.C.; Li, K.W.: ¬A heuristic method based on a statistical approach for chinese text segmentation (2005)
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- Abstract
- The authors propose a heuristic method for Chinese automatic text segmentation based an a statistical approach. This method is developed based an statistical information about the association among adjacent characters in Chinese text. Mutual information of bi-grams and significant estimation of tri-grams are utilized. A heuristic method with six rules is then proposed to determine the segmentation points in a Chinese sentence. No dictionary is required in this method. Chinese text segmentation is important in Chinese text indexing and thus greatly affects the performance of Chinese information retrieval. Due to the lack of delimiters of words in Chinese text, Chinese text segmentation is more difficult than English text segmentation. Besides, segmentation ambiguities and occurrences of out-of-vocabulary words (i.e., unknown words) are the major challenges in Chinese segmentation. Many research studies dealing with the problem of word segmentation have focused an the resolution of segmentation ambiguities. The problem of unknown word identification has not drawn much attention. The experimental result Shows that the proposed heuristic method is promising to segment the unknown words as weIl as the known words. The authors further investigated the distribution of the errors of commission and the errors of omission caused by the proposed heuristic method and benchmarked the proposed heuristic method with a previous proposed technique, boundary detection. It is found that the heuristic method outperformed the boundary detection method.
- Source
- Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology. 56(2005) no.13, S.1438-1447
