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  • × year_i:[2000 TO 2010}
  1. Vetere, G.; Lenzerini, M.: Models for semantic interoperability in service-oriented architectures (2005) 0.14 
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    Content
    Vgl.: http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/login.jsp?tp=&arnumber=5386707&url=http%3A%2F%2Fieeexplore.ieee.org%2Fxpls%2Fabs_all.jsp%3Farnumber%3D5386707.
    Source
    IBM systems journal. 44(2005) no.4, S.887-903
  2. Mas, S.; Marleau, Y.: Proposition of a faceted classification model to support corporate information organization and digital records management (2009) 0.12 
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    Date
    29. 8.2009 21:15:48
    Footnote
    Vgl.: http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/Xplore/login.jsp?reload=true&url=http%3A%2F%2Fieeexplore.ieee.org%2Fiel5%2F4755313%2F4755314%2F04755480.pdf%3Farnumber%3D4755480&authDecision=-203.
  3. Hotho, A.; Bloehdorn, S.: Data Mining 2004 : Text classification by boosting weak learners based on terms and concepts (2004) 0.12 
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    Content
    Vgl.: http://www.google.de/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=1&cad=rja&ved=0CEAQFjAA&url=http%3A%2F%2Fciteseerx.ist.psu.edu%2Fviewdoc%2Fdownload%3Fdoi%3D10.1.1.91.4940%26rep%3Drep1%26type%3Dpdf&ei=dOXrUMeIDYHDtQahsIGACg&usg=AFQjCNHFWVh6gNPvnOrOS9R3rkrXCNVD-A&sig2=5I2F5evRfMnsttSgFF9g7Q&bvm=bv.1357316858,d.Yms.
    Date
    8. 1.2013 10:22:32
  4. Doszkocs, T.E.; Zamora, A.: Dictionary services and spelling aids for Web searching (2004) 0.10 
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    Abstract
    The Specialized Information Services Division (SIS) of the National Library of Medicine (NLM) provides Web access to more than a dozen scientific databases on toxicology and the environment on TOXNET . Search queries on TOXNET often include misspelled or variant English words, medical and scientific jargon and chemical names. Following the example of search engines like Google and ClinicalTrials.gov, we set out to develop a spelling "suggestion" system for increased recall and precision in TOXNET searching. This paper describes development of dictionary technology that can be used in a variety of applications such as orthographic verification, writing aid, natural language processing, and information storage and retrieval. The design of the technology allows building complex applications using the components developed in the earlier phases of the work in a modular fashion without extensive rewriting of computer code. Since many of the potential applications envisioned for this work have on-line or web-based interfaces, the dictionaries and other computer components must have fast response, and must be adaptable to open-ended database vocabularies, including chemical nomenclature. The dictionary vocabulary for this work was derived from SIS and other databases and specialized resources, such as NLM's Unified Medical Language Systems (UMLS) . The resulting technology, A-Z Dictionary (AZdict), has three major constituents: 1) the vocabulary list, 2) the word attributes that define part of speech and morphological relationships between words in the list, and 3) a set of programs that implements the retrieval of words and their attributes, and determines similarity between words (ChemSpell). These three components can be used in various applications such as spelling verification, spelling aid, part-of-speech tagging, paraphrasing, and many other natural language processing functions.
    Date
    14. 8.2004 17:22:56
    Source
    Online. 28(2004) no.3, S.22-29
  5. Schrodt, R.: Tiefen und Untiefen im wissenschaftlichen Sprachgebrauch (2008) 0.10 
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    Content
    Vgl. auch: https://studylibde.com/doc/13053640/richard-schrodt. Vgl. auch: http%3A%2F%2Fwww.univie.ac.at%2FGermanistik%2Fschrodt%2Fvorlesung%2Fwissenschaftssprache.doc&usg=AOvVaw1lDLDR6NFf1W0-oC9mEUJf.
  6. Hodges, J.E.: Automated systems for the generation of document indexes (2000) 0.09 
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    Source
    Encyclopedia of library and information science. Vol.66, [=Suppl.29]
  7. Coyle, K.: Future considerations : the functional library systems record (2004) 0.09 
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    Abstract
    The paper performs a thought experiment on the concept of a record based on the Functional Requirements for Bibliographic Records and library system functions, and concludes that if we want to develop a functional bibliographic record we need to do it within the context of a flexible, functional library systems record structure. The article suggests a new way to look at the library systems record that would allow libraries to move forward in terms of technology but also in terms of serving library users.
    Date
    9.12.2005 19:21:29
    Source
    Library hi tech. 22(2004) no.2, S.166-174
  8. Malmsten, M.: Making a library catalogue part of the Semantic Web (2008) 0.08 
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    Abstract
    Library catalogues contain an enormous amount of structured, high-quality data, however, this data is generally not made available to semantic web applications. In this paper we describe the tools and techniques used to make the Swedish Union Catalogue (LIBRIS) part of the Semantic Web and Linked Data. The focus is on links to and between resources and the mechanisms used to make data available, rather than perfect description of the individual resources. We also present a method of creating links between records of the same work.
    Date
    20. 2.2009 10:29:39
    Source
    Metadata for semantic and social applications : proceedings of the International Conference on Dublin Core and Metadata Applications, Berlin, 22 - 26 September 2008, DC 2008: Berlin, Germany / ed. by Jane Greenberg and Wolfgang Klas
  9. Stojanovic, N.: Ontology-based Information Retrieval : methods and tools for cooperative query answering (2005) 0.08 
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    Abstract
    By the explosion of possibilities for a ubiquitous content production, the information overload problem reaches the level of complexity which cannot be managed by traditional modelling approaches anymore. Due to their pure syntactical nature traditional information retrieval approaches did not succeed in treating content itself (i.e. its meaning, and not its representation). This leads to a very low usefulness of the results of a retrieval process for a user's task at hand. In the last ten years ontologies have been emerged from an interesting conceptualisation paradigm to a very promising (semantic) modelling technology, especially in the context of the Semantic Web. From the information retrieval point of view, ontologies enable a machine-understandable form of content description, such that the retrieval process can be driven by the meaning of the content. However, the very ambiguous nature of the retrieval process in which a user, due to the unfamiliarity with the underlying repository and/or query syntax, just approximates his information need in a query, implies a necessity to include the user in the retrieval process more actively in order to close the gap between the meaning of the content and the meaning of a user's query (i.e. his information need). This thesis lays foundation for such an ontology-based interactive retrieval process, in which the retrieval system interacts with a user in order to conceptually interpret the meaning of his query, whereas the underlying domain ontology drives the conceptualisation process. In that way the retrieval process evolves from a query evaluation process into a highly interactive cooperation between a user and the retrieval system, in which the system tries to anticipate the user's information need and to deliver the relevant content proactively. Moreover, the notion of content relevance for a user's query evolves from a content dependent artefact to the multidimensional context-dependent structure, strongly influenced by the user's preferences. This cooperation process is realized as the so-called Librarian Agent Query Refinement Process. In order to clarify the impact of an ontology on the retrieval process (regarding its complexity and quality), a set of methods and tools for different levels of content and query formalisation is developed, ranging from pure ontology-based inferencing to keyword-based querying in which semantics automatically emerges from the results. Our evaluation studies have shown that the possibilities to conceptualize a user's information need in the right manner and to interpret the retrieval results accordingly are key issues for realizing much more meaningful information retrieval systems.
    Content
    Vgl.: http%3A%2F%2Fdigbib.ubka.uni-karlsruhe.de%2Fvolltexte%2Fdocuments%2F1627&ei=tAtYUYrBNoHKtQb3l4GYBw&usg=AFQjCNHeaxKkKU3-u54LWxMNYGXaaDLCGw&sig2=8WykXWQoDKjDSdGtAakH2Q&bvm=bv.44442042,d.Yms.
  10. Chen, J.: Artificial intelligence (2009) 0.08 
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    Abstract
    Artificial intelligence (AI) is a multidisciplinary subject, typically studied as a research area within Computer Science. AI study aims at achieving a good understanding of the nature of intelligence and building intelligent agents which are computational systems demonstrating intelligent behavior. AI has been developed over more than 50 years. The topics studied in AI are quite broad, ranging from knowledge representation and reasoning, knowledge-based systems, machine learning and data mining, natural language processing, to search, image processing, robotics, and intelligent information systems. Numerous successful AI systems have been deployed in real-life applications in engineering, finance, science, health care, education, and service sectors. AI research has also significantly impacted the subject area of Library and Information Science (LIS), helping to develop smart Web search engines, personalized news filters, and knowledge-sharing and indexing systems. This entry briefly outlines the main topics studied in AI, samples some typical successful AI applications, and discusses the cross-fertilization between AI and LIS.
    Source
    Encyclopedia of library and information sciences. 3rd ed. Ed.: M.J. Bates
  11. White, H.C.: Exploring evolutionary biologists' use and perceptions of semantic metadata for data curation (2008) 0.08 
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    Abstract
    The wide acceptance of social networking tools in online environments is prompting scientists to engage in metadata creation in not only for organizing their own digital records, but also for contributing to data and journal repositories. Understanding the behaviors and practices of these communities can help us create more effective metadata structures within our information systems. This point is underscored by information science researchers who have emphasized the need to examine how certain communities interact with, search for, or organize information (Palmer 2001). By examining scientists, information professionals can be more informed in how to create better collections, services, and systems. As library and repository collections become more diverse and personalized, the organization and ingest techniques/applications behind those systems also should be based on observations of how actual user communities work. One area that is relevant to the practice of scientists and metadata is personal information management (PIM). The study of personal Information management typically focuses on finding (a relative of retrieval), refinding, maintenance, and organization. Metadata is at the core of these activities, although current research seems to focus more on task completion, rather than the underlying metadata structures and arrangements. Most PIM studies and writings have focused on tool development and finding (Jones 2007), but have rarely look closely at the organizational/metadata practices of individuals. As scientific communities, like evolutionary biology, turn more to cyberinfrastructures for sharing and collaborating with each other, it is important for information professionals to understand the more personal aspects of metadata generation and organization. Recent studies done by the Dryad repository69 team have looked at different aspects of data sharing and reuse in the evolutionary biology community. These studies have prompted questions about metadatageneration by scientists, their perceptions of the process, and the link between their metadata and the structures imposed in information systems. This poster will report on a study examining how evolutionary biologists create and use personal metadata to organize their research data. Using an ethnographic interview technique, participants are being interviewed about their current and previous data organization styles and techniques. This information about metadata and information organization can be used to inform new workflow and organization models for knowledge organization and metadata creation practices in developments for repositories, libraries, and cyberinfrastructures.
    Source
    Metadata for semantic and social applications : proceedings of the International Conference on Dublin Core and Metadata Applications, Berlin, 22 - 26 September 2008, DC 2008: Berlin, Germany / ed. by Jane Greenberg and Wolfgang Klas
  12. Olsen, K.A.: ¬The Internet, the Web, and eBusiness : formalizing applications for the real world (2005) 0.08 
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    Classification
    004.678 22
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    Footnote
    Rez. in: JASIST 57(2006) no.14, S.1979-1980 (J.G. Williams): "The Introduction and Part I of this book presents the world of computing with a historical and philosophical overview of computers, computer applications, networks, the World Wide Web, and eBusiness based on the notion that the real world places constraints on the application of these technologies and without a formalized approach, the benefits of these technologies cannot be realized. The concepts of real world constraints and the need for formalization are used as the cornerstones for a building-block approach for helping the reader understand computing, networking, the World Wide Web, and the applications that use these technologies as well as all the possibilities that these technologies hold for the future. The author's building block approach to understanding computing, networking and application building makes the book useful for science, business, and engineering students taking an introductory computing course and for social science students who want to understand more about the social impact of computers, the Internet, and Web technology. It is useful as well for managers and designers of Web and ebusiness applications, and for the general public who are interested in understanding how these technologies may impact their lives, their jobs, and the social context in which they live and work. The book does assume some experience and terminology in using PCs and the Internet but is not intended for computer science students, although they could benefit from the philosophical basis and the diverse viewpoints presented. The author uses numerous analogies from domains outside the area of computing to illustrate concepts and points of view that make the content understandable as well as interesting to individuals without any in-depth knowledge of computing, networking, software engineering, system design, ebusiness, and Web design. These analogies include interesting real-world events ranging from the beginning of railroads, to Henry Ford's mass produced automobile, to the European Space Agency's loss of the 7 billion dollar Adriane rocket, to travel agency booking, to medical systems, to banking, to expanding democracy. The book gives the pros and cons of the possibilities offered by the Internet and the Web by presenting numerous examples and an analysis of the pros and cons of these technologies for the examples provided. The author shows, in an interesting manner, how the new economy based on the Internet and the Web affects society and business life on a worldwide basis now and how it will affect the future, and how society can take advantage of the opportunities that the Internet and the Web offer.
    The book is organized into six sections or parts with several chapters within each part. Part 1, does a good job of building an understanding some of the historical aspects of computing and why formalization is important for building computer-based applications. A distinction is made between formalized and unformalized data, processes, and procedures, which the author cleverly uses to show how the level of formalization of data, processes, and procedures determines the functionality of computer applications. Part I also discusses the types of data that can be represented in symbolic form, which is crucial to using computer and networking technology in a virtual environment. This part also discusses the technical and cultural constraints upon computing, networking, and web technologies with many interesting examples. The cultural constraints discussed range from copyright to privacy issues. Part 1 is critical to understanding the author's point of view and discussions in other sections of the book. The discussion on machine intelligence and natural language processing is particularly well done. Part 2 discusses the fundamental concepts and standards of the Internet and Web. Part 3 introduces the need for formalization to construct ebusiness applications in the business-to-consumer category (B2C). There are many good and interesting examples of these B2C applications and the associated analyses of them using the concepts introduced in Parts I and 2 of the book. Part 4 examines the formalization of business-to-business (B2B) applications and discusses the standards that are needed to transmit data with a high level of formalization. Part 5 is a rather fascinating discussion of future possibilities and Part 6 presents a concise summary and conclusion. The book covers a wide array of subjects in the computing, networking, and Web areas and although all of them are presented in an interesting style, some subjects may be more relevant and useful to individuals depending on their background or academic discipline. Part 1 is relevant to all potential readers no matter what their background or academic discipline but Part 2 is a little more technical; although most people with an information technology or computer science background will not find much new here with the exception of the chapters on "Dynamic Web Pages" and "Embedded Scripts." Other readers will find this section informative and useful for understanding other parts of the book. Part 3 does not offer individuals with a background in computing, networking, or information science much in addition to what they should already know, but the chapters on "Searching" and "Web Presence" may be useful because they present some interesting notions about using the Web. Part 3 gives an overview of B2C applications and is where the author provides examples of the difference between services that are completely symbolic and services that have both a symbolic portion and a physical portion. Part 4 of the book discusses B2B technology once again with many good examples. The chapter on "XML" in Part 4 is not appropriate for readers without a technical background. Part 5 is a teacher's dream because it offers a number of situations that can be used for classroom discussions or case studies independent of background or academic discipline.
    Each chapter provides suggestions for exercises and discussions, which makes the book useful as a textbook. The suggestions in the exercise and discussion section at the end of each chapter are simply delightful to read and provide a basis for some lively discussion and fun exercises by students. These exercises appear to be well thought out and are intended to highlight the content of the chapter. The notes at the end of chapters provide valuable data that help the reader to understand a topic or a reference to an entity that the reader may not know. Chapter 1 on "formalism," chapter 2 on "symbolic data," chapter 3 on "constraints on technology," and chapter 4 on "cultural constraints" are extremely well presented and every reader needs to read these chapters because they lay the foundation for most of the chapters that follow. The analogies, examples, and points of view presented make for some really interesting reading and lively debate and discussion. These chapters comprise Part 1 of the book and not only provide a foundation for the rest of the book but could be used alone as the basis of a social science course on computing, networking, and the Web. Chapters 5 and 6 on Internet protocols and the development of Web protocols may be more detailed and filled with more acronyms than the average person wants to deal with but content is presented with analogies and examples that make it easier to digest. Chapter 7 will capture most readers attention because it discusses how e-mail works and many of the issues with e-mail, which a majority of people in developed countries have dealt with. Chapter 8 is also one that most people will be interested in reading because it shows how Internet browsers work and the many issues such as security associated with these software entities. Chapter 9 discusses the what, why, and how of the World Wide Web, which is a lead-in to chapter 10 on "Searching the Web" and chapter 11 on "Organizing the Web-Portals," which are two chapters that even technically oriented people should read since it provides information that most people outside of information and library science are not likely to know.
    Chapter 12 on "Web Presence" is a useful discussion of what it means to have a Web site that is indexed by a spider from a major Web search engine. Chapter 13 on "Mobile Computing" is very well done and gives the reader a solid basis of what is involved with mobile computing without overwhelming them with technical details. Chapter 14 discusses the difference between pull technologies and push technologies using the Web that is understandable to almost anyone who has ever used the Web. Chapters 15, 16, and 17 are for the technically stout at heart; they cover "Dynamic Web Pages," " Embedded Scripts," and "Peer-to-Peer Computing." These three chapters will tend to dampen the spirits of anyone who does not come from a technical background. Chapter 18 on "Symbolic Services-Information Providers" and chapter 19 on "OnLine Symbolic Services-Case Studies" are ideal for class discussion and students assignments as is chapter 20, "Online Retail Shopping-Physical Items." Chapter 21 presents a number of case studies on the "Technical Constraints" discussed in chapter 3 and chapter 22 presents case studies on the "Cultural Constraints" discussed in chapter 4. These case studies are not only presented in an interesting manner they focus on situations that most Web users have encountered but never really given much thought to. Chapter 24 "A Better Model?" discusses a combined "formalized/unformalized" model that might make Web applications such as banking and booking travel work better than the current models. This chapter will cause readers to think about the role of formalization and the unformalized processes that are involved in any application. Chapters 24, 25, 26, and 27 which discuss the role of "Data Exchange," "Formalized Data Exchange," "Electronic Data Interchange-EDI," and "XML" in business-to-business applications on the Web may stress the limits of the nontechnically oriented reader even though it is presented in a very understandable manner. Chapters 28, 29, 30, and 31 discuss Web services, the automated value chain, electronic market places, and outsourcing, which are of high interest to business students, businessmen, and designers of Web applications and can be skimmed by others who want to understand ebusiness but are not interested in the details. In Part 5, the chapters 32, 33, and 34 on "Interfacing with the Web of the Future," "A Disruptive Technology," "Virtual Businesses," and "Semantic Web," were, for me, who teaches courses in IT and develops ebusiness applications the most interesting chapters in the book because they provided some useful insights about what is likely to happen in the future. The summary in part 6 of the book is quite well done and I wish I had read it before I started reading the other parts of the book.
    The book is quite large with over 400 pages and covers a myriad of topics, which is probably more than any one course could cover but an instructor could pick and choose those chapters most appropriate to the course content. The book could be used for multiple courses by selecting the relevant topics. I enjoyed the first person, rather down to earth, writing style and the number of examples and analogies that the author presented. I believe most people could relate to the examples and situations presented by the author. As a teacher in Information Technology, the discussion questions at the end of the chapters and the case studies are a valuable resource as are the end of chapter notes. I highly recommend this book for an introductory course that combines computing, networking, the Web, and ebusiness for Business and Social Science students as well as an introductory course for students in Information Science, Library Science, and Computer Science. Likewise, I believe IT managers and Web page designers could benefit from selected chapters in the book."
  13. Lancaster, F.W.; Warner, A.: Intelligent technologies in library and information service applications (2001) 0.07 
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    Footnote
    Rez. in: JASIST 53(2002) no.4, S.321-322 (I. Fourie): "A substantial literature exists on artificial intelligence (AI) and expert systems in general, as well as in Library and Information Science (LIS). Many reports are over-confident and grossly exaggerate the power and potential of artificial intelligence (AI). This is especially true of the first phase of At, and to some extent also of the third phase that is stimulated by developments surrounding the Internet. The middle phase was mostly marked by disillusionment about the potential of Al and expert systems. The confusion around the promises made by AI and the lack of operational success, leaves managers of library and information services with the dilemma of distinguishing between worthwhile research reporting on operational projects and projects that exists only on paper or in the researchers' heads. It is very difficult to sieve between the two when working through the subject literature, and to distinguish between working technology/applications and wishful thinking. This might be one reason why working systems are sometimes ignored. According to Lancaster and Warner, library managers must also look much wider than the LIS literature to note new trends; this can, however, become a daunting task. Against this background the authors report on a study conducted with the support of the Special Libraries Association's Steven I. Goldspiel Memorial Research Grant. The objective of the study was to gain sufficient familiarity with the developments in Al and related technologies to make recommendations to the information service community on what can be applied, and what to expect in the near future. The intention therefore was to focus on systems that are actually operational, and systems that hold potential for the future. Since digital libraries seems an inevitable part of our future, applications concerning them features strongly in the final recommendations. The scope of AI in Library and Information Science depends on the interpretation of the concepts artificial intelligence and expert systems. "If a system has to `behave intelligently' (e.g. make inferences or learn from its mistakes) to qualify as having AI, few such systems exist in any application. On the other hand, if one accepts that a system exhibits AI if its does things that humans need intelligence to do, many more systems would qualify" (p. 107). One example is the field of subject indexing. The same would apply if a more relaxed definition of expert systems is applied as a system that "can help the non-expert perform some task at a level closer to that of an expert, whether or not all the essential components are in place" (p. 107). Most of the AI literature relevant to libraries falls in the field of expert systems. Lancaster and Warner identify (p. 6) expert systems as " a branch of artificial intelligence, even though very few expert systems exhibit true intelligence.""
  14. Emerging frameworks and methods : Proceedings of the Fourth International Conference on the Conceptions of Library and Information Science (CoLIS4), Seattle, WA, July 21 - 25, 2002 (2002) 0.07 
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    Abstract
    Held for the first time in the United States, the Conference on Conceptions of Library and Information Science (CoLIS4) is the fourth in the series of international conferences that bring together leading researchers from around the world. CoLIS4 provides a forum for critically exploring and analyzing library and information science as a discipline and as a field of research from historical, philosophical, theoretical, and methodological perspectives. The papers in this volume cover a wide variety of topics, presenting the latest research and information on new developments and new approaches to conceptual frameworks and methods in library and information science. Papers range from a re-examination of the core concepts to empirical studies, analyzing such areas as Web searching, information retrieval, informetrics, information behavior, aspects of learning, business intelligence, and information processing mechanisms. As library and information science is closely associated with a variety of other disciplines and its practice employs technologies that are changing rapidly, presenters focus on the old and the new, address theory and practice, and bridge diverse intellectual areas. From challenging existing approaches and proposing new ones to establishing models and reviewing methods-the presenters lead the way to change and further exploration.
    Content
    The Fourth International Conference on Conceptions of Library and Information Science (CoLIS4), held at the The Information School, University of Washington, Seattle, continued the tradition of the previous three CoLIS conferences, begun in 1991 at the University of Tampere, Finland. CoLIS4 was organized by Washington in cooperation with the Department of Information Studies, Tampere, the Royal School of Library and Information Science in Denmark, and the American Society for Information Science and Technology. As in the previous conferences, CoLIS4 invited papers presenting new research topics and approaches in library and information science (LIS) and, at the same time, encouraged contributors and attendees to step back from the practice and dissemination of their research to assess the current state of LIS as a discipline, from historical, theoretical, philosophical, and empirical perspectives. Held for the first time in North America-significantly at the home of a revitalized and actively expanding LIS program in a technology-rich region-CoLIS4 attracted 120 attendees from 16 countries. Presenters and attendees were mostly LIS researchers from academic institutions and research institutes, as well as a number from the information and technology industries. Three full days included a keynote address, 17 papers by an international slate of presenters, two panel discussions, and a poster session during an evening reception. The conference was preceded and followed by two days of tutorials and workshops, as well as a doctoral presentation forum. Breakfasts, lunches, coffee breaks, and a banquet at Microsoft Corporation headquarters were provided to give participants ample time to mix informally.
    To encourage a spirit of deeper reflection, the organizing committee invited 20-minute paper presentations, each followed by 10 minutes of discussion. (There were no separate, concurrent tracks.) This approach encouraged direct follow-up questions and discussion which carried forward from session to session, providing a satisfying sense of continuity to the overall conference theme of exploring the interaction between conceptual and empirical approaches to LIS. The expressed goals of CoLIS4 were to: - explore the existing and emerging conceptual frameworks and methods of library and information science as a field, - encourage discourse about the character and definitions of key concepts in LIS, and - examine the position of LIS among parallel contemporary domains and professions likewise concerned with information and information technology, such as computer science, management information systems, and new media and communication studies. The keynote address by Tom Wilson (University of Sheffield) provided an historical perspective on the philosophical and research frameworks of LIS in the post-World War II period. He traced the changing emphases on the objects of LIS study: definitions of information and documents; information retrieval, relevance, systems, and architectures; information users and behaviors. He raised issues of the relevance of LIS research to real-world information services and practice, and the gradual shift in research approaches from quantitative to qualitative. He concluded by stressing the ongoing need of LIS for cumulative, theory-based, and content-rich bodies of research, meaningful to practitioners and useful to contemporary LIS education.
    Themes and questions threaded throughout the conference papers and panels addressed the uniqueness of LIS as a contemporary "intersection of information, technology, people, and society" (CoLIS Proceedings Preface). Papers by Birger Hjørland and by Sanna Talja, Kimmo Tuominen, and Reijo Savolainen directly addressed the essential nature and metatheory of LIS as a field of inquiry by reviewing its theoretical models and epistemological perspectives, such as the information transfer model and socio-cognitive theory. The cognitive grounding of much LIS research was present in Pertti Vakkari's and Mikko Pennanen's study linking university students' concept formation with their search processes and task performances while preparing research proposals, as well as in Peter Ingwersen's analysis of the cognitive conception of document polyrepresentation (multiple ways of representing documents) applied to information retrieval. A number of papers presented empirically and theoretically derived taxonomies of the fundamental characteristics of information bearers (documents and systems) and information behaviors (both individual and collaborative). These mark a contemporary effort to enumerate and classify the elements that LIS researchers should be examining and with which they should be building systems and generating theory. Nicholas Belkin and Colleen Cool reported on field research with which they are constructing a taxonomy of interactions in information seeking and communication behavior, to be used to inform information system building. Rong Tang presented her taxonomic study of Web searching query patterns and argued for the need to link these to user cognitive operations and search tasks. Linda Cooper explored school children's categorizations and knowledge of information organization in libraries by having them arrange books and topics visually and spatially on "virtual" bookshelves. Kartriina Byström and Preben Hansen proposed a nested typology of the concepts of work tasks, information seeking tasks, and information retrieval tasks as units of analysis for LIS research. Work task and domain analysis figured importantly in several papers, reflecting a increasing application of information context research approaches. In addition to Byström and Hansen's theoretical study of the concepts of tasks in general, the work reported by researchers at Risø National Laboratory, Denmark (Annelise Mark Pejtersen, Bryan Cleal, Morten Hertzum, Hanne Albrechtsen) demonstrated the application of the Cognitive Work Analysis (CWA) framework used to inform the design of a virtual "collaboratory" used by three European film archives. Birger Hjørland asserted that domain analysis, including the study of the interests, goals, values, and consequences of information use and users in specific subject and work domains, is central to the practice of LIS.
    LIS research and evaluation methodologies fell under the same scrutiny and systematization, particularly in the presentations employing multiple and mixed methodologies. Jaana Kekäläinen's and Kalervo Järvelin's proposal for a framework of laboratory information retrieval evaluation measures, applied along with analyses of information seeking and work task contexts, employed just such a mix. Marcia Bates pulled together Bradford's Law of Scattering of decreasingly relevant information sources and three information searching techniques (browsing, directed searching, and following links) to pose the question: what are the optimum searching techniques for the different regions of information concentrations? Jesper Schneider and Pia Borlund applied bibliometric methods (document co-citation, bibliographic coupling, and co-word analysis) to augment manual thesaurus construction and maintenance. Fredrik Åström examined document keyword co-occurrence measurement compared to and then combined with bibliometric co-citation analysis to map LIS concept spaces. Ian Ruthven, Mounia Lalmas, and Keith van Rijsbergen compared system-supplied query expansion terms with interactive user query expansion, incorporating both partial relevance assessment feedback (how relevant is a document) and ostensive relevance feedback (measuring when a document is assessed as relevant over time). Scheduled in the midst of the presentations were two stimulating panel and audience discussions. The first panel, chaired by Glynn Harmon, explored the current re-positioning of many library and information science schools by renaming themselves to eliminate the "library" word and emphasize the "information" word (as in "School of Information," "Information School," and schools of "Information Studies"). Panelists Marcia Bates, Harry Bruce, Toni Carbo, Keith Belton, and Andrew Dillon presented the reasons for name changes in their own information programs, which include curricular change and expansion beyond a "stereotypical" library focus, broader contemporary theoretical approaches to information, new clientele and markets for information services and professionals, new media formats and delivery models, and new interdisciplinary student and faculty recruitment from crossover fields. Sometimes criticized for over-broadness and ambiguity-and feared by library practitioners who were trained in more traditional library schools-renaming schools both results from and occasions a renewed examination of the definitions and boundaries of the field as a whole and the educational and research missions of individual schools.
    Another panel discussion, "The Dark Side of Information Technology," chaired by Victor Rosenberg, focused on the role of LIS in studying and ameliorating the contemporary social impact of technology and of information itself. Panelists Rosenberg, Paul Edwards, and David Levy asked what the social and psychological impact of information and its technologies means for how LIS studies people and collections as parts of information "systems." They suggested that LIS as a discipline is the logical forum for discussing the negative effects of technology and the less healthy aspects of information-its increasing ubiquity and volume, speedy proliferation, and invasive potential-as well as their demonstrated positive potential for applications in education and community-building. Several audience contributors, however, questioned the reality and "hype" of information overload and threats to human psychology and social values, and also reminded the attendees that new technologies and information encourage self-sufficiency and independence in developing countries. (Indeed, the global impact of information science and technologies was a theme of several conference papers, for example, in the studies of Erica Cosijn, Ari Pirkola, Theo Bothma, and Kalervo Järvelin of cross-lingual information access in indigenous languages and in Irene Wormell's study of the global dissemination of national and regional LIS journals by means of informetric analysis and the quantitative study of information flows.) With re-examination of such a broad range of interests, principles, methodologies, and applications of LIS currently taking place, CoLIS4 was in itself a demonstration of a spontaneous, collaborative "domain analysis." The CoLIS4 goal of providing a forum for just this sort of discussion was well realized.
    Date
    22. 2.2007 18:56:23
    22. 2.2007 19:12:10
    Footnote
    Vgl. den Bericht in: Knowledge organization. 29(2002) nos.3/4, S.231-234.
    LCSH
    Library science / Congresses
    Information science / Congresses
    Subject
    Library science / Congresses
    Information science / Congresses
  15. Winget, M.A.: Annotations on musical scores by performing musicians : collaborative models, interactive methods, and music digital library tool development (2008) 0.07 
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    Abstract
    Although there have been a number of fairly recent studies in which researchers have explored the information-seeking and management behaviors of people interacting with musical retrieval systems, there have been very few published studies of the interaction and use behaviors of musicians interacting with their primary information object, the musical score. The ethnographic research reported here seeks to correct this deficiency in the literature. In addition to observing rehearsals and conducting 22 in-depth musician interviews, this research provides in-depth analysis of 25,000 annotations representing 250 parts from 13 complete musical works, made by musicians of all skill levels and performance modes. In addition to producing specific and practical recommendations for digital-library development, this research also provides an augmented annotation framework that will enable more specific study of human-information interaction, both with musical scores, and with more general notational/instructional information objects.
    Date
    8.11.2008 18:29:28
    Source
    Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology. 59(2008) no.12, S.1878-1897
  16. Research and advanced technology for digital libraries : 11th European conference, ECDL 2007 / Budapest, Hungary, September 16-21, 2007, proceedings (2007) 0.07 
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    Abstract
    This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 11th European Conference on Research and Advanced Technology for Digital Libraries, ECDL 2007, held in Budapest, Hungary, in September 2007. The 36 revised full papers presented together with the extended abstracts of 36 revised poster, demo papers and 2 panel descriptions were carefully reviewed and selected from a total of 153 submissions. The papers are organized in topical sections on ontologies, digital libraries and the web, models, multimedia and multilingual DLs, grid and peer-to-peer, preservation, user interfaces, document linking, information retrieval, personal information management, new DL applications, and user studies.
    Classification
    SS 4800 Informatik / Enzyklopädien und Handbücher. Kongreßberichte Schriftenreihe. Tafeln und Formelsammlungen / Schriftenreihen (indiv. Sign.) / Lecture notes in computer science
    Content
    Inhalt u.a.: Ontologies - Ontology-Based Question Answering for Digital Libraries / Stephan Bloehdorn, Philipp Cimiano, Alistair Duke, Peter Haase, Jörg Heizmann, Ian Thurlow and Johanna Völker Digital libraries and the Web Models Multimedia and multilingual DLs - Roadmap for MultiLingual Information Access in the European Library / Maristella Agosti, Martin Braschler, Nicola Ferro, Carol Peters and Sjoerd Siebinga Grid and peer-to-peer Preservation User interfaces Document linking Information retrieval - Thesaurus-Based Feedback to Support Mixed Search and Browsing Environments / Edgar Meij and Maarten de Rijke - Extending Semantic Matching Towards Digital Library Contexts / László Kovács and András Micsik Personal information management New DL applications User studies
    LCSH
    Computer science
    Information storage and retrieval systems
    Information systems
    Multimedia systems
    Information Systems Applications (incl.Internet
    Multimedia Information Systems
    RVK
    SS 4800 Informatik / Enzyklopädien und Handbücher. Kongreßberichte Schriftenreihe. Tafeln und Formelsammlungen / Schriftenreihen (indiv. Sign.) / Lecture notes in computer science
    Series
    Lecture notes in computer science ; vol. 4675
    Subject
    Computer science
    Information storage and retrieval systems
    Information systems
    Multimedia systems
    Information Systems Applications (incl.Internet
    Multimedia Information Systems
  17. Kochtanek, T.R.; Matthews, J.R.: Library information systems : from library automation to distributed information systems (2002) 0.06 
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    Abstract
    Specifically designed for core units in library automation and information systems, this long awaited new text gives students a comprehensive overview of one of the most critical areas of library operations. Produced by two internationally known scholars, Thomas Kochtanek and Joseph Matthews, this book will enable students to take the lead in managing an immense diversity of information resources and at the same time handle the complexities that information technology brings to the library. Giving important insight into library information systems-from the historical background to the latest technological trends and developments-the book is organized into 14 chapters, each presenting helpful information on such topics as systems design, types of systems, coverage of standards and standards organizations, technology axioms, system selection and implementation, usability of systems, library information systems management, technology trends, digital libraries, and more. New to the acclaimed Library and Information Science Text Series, this book will prove an indispensable resource to students preparing for a career in today's ever-evolving library environment. Complete with charts and illustrations, chapter summaries, suggested print and electronic resources, a glossary of terms, and an index, this text will be of central importance to libraries and library schools everywhere.
    Footnote
    Rez. in: JASIST 54(2003) no.12, S.1166-1167 (Brenda Chawner): "Kochtanek and Matthews have written a welcome addition to the small set of introductory texts an applications of information technology to library and information Services. The book has fourteen chapters grouped into four sections: "The Broader Context," "The Technologies," "Management Issues," and "Future Considerations." Two chapters provide the broad content, with the first giving a historical overview of the development and adoption of "library information systems." Kochtanek and Matthews define this as "a wide array of solutions that previously might have been considered separate industries with distinctly different marketplaces" (p. 3), referring specifically to integrated library systems (ILS, and offen called library management systems in this part of the world), and online databases, plus the more recent developments of Web-based resources, digital libraries, ebooks, and ejournals. They characterize technology adoption patterns in libraries as ranging from "bleeding edge" to "leading edge" to "in the wedge" to "trailing edge"-this is a catchy restatement of adopter categories from Rogers' diffusion of innovation theory, where they are more conventionally known as "early adopters," "early majority," "late majority," and "laggards." This chapter concludes with a look at more general technology trends that have affected library applications, including developments in hardware (moving from mainframes to minicomputers to personal Computers), changes in software development (from in-house to packages), and developments in communications technology (from dedicated host Computers to more open networks to the current distributed environment found with the Internet). This is followed by a chapter describing the ILS and online database industries in some detail. "The Technologies" begins with a chapter an the structure and functionality of integrated library systems, which also includes a brief discussion of precision versus recall, managing access to internal documents, indexing and searching, and catalogue maintenance. This is followed by a chapter an open systems, which concludes with a useful list of questions to consider to determine an organization's readiness to adopt open source solutions. As one world expect, this section also includes a detailed chapter an telecommunications and networking, which includes types of networks, transmission media, network topologies, switching techniques (ranging from dial up and leased lines to ISDN/DSL, frame relay, and ATM). It concludes with a chapter an the role and importance of standards, which covers the need for standards and standards organizations, and gives examples of different types of standards, such as MARC, Dublin Core, Z39.50, and markup standards such as SGML, HTML, and XML. Unicode is also covered but only briefly. This section world be strengthened by a chapter an hardware concepts-the authors assume that their reader is already familiar with these, which may not be true in all cases (for example, the phrase "client-Server" is first used an page 11, but only given a brief definition in the glossary). Burke's Library Technology Companion: A Basic Guide for Library Staff (New York: Neal-Schuman, 2001) might be useful to fill this gap at an introductory level, and Saffady's Introduction to Automation for Librarians, 4th ed. (Chicago: American Library Association, 1999) world be better for those interested in more detail. The final two sections, however, are the book's real strength, with a strong focus an management issues, and this content distinguishes it from other books an this topic such as Ferguson and Hebels Computers for Librarians: an Introduction to Systems and Applications (Waggawagga, NSW: Centre for Information Studies, Charles Sturt University, 1998). ...
    Though the book definitely meets a need for an up-to-date introduction to library information systems and associated management issues, and the emphasis an management issues means that it will not date too quickly, there is room for improvement. Some topics are described too briefly to be useful, such as customization/personalization, which is covered in a single paragraph, and does not mention recent developments such as the MyLibrary concept. Other topics seem to have only a peripheral connection to the main chapter theme-for example, it is surprising to find a discussion of information literacy at the end of the chapter an system selection and implementation, and the material an personalization/customization is at the end of the discussion of intranets. Despite these comments, 1 would consider using this as a textbook in an introductory course an library automation or information technology, and practitioners who want to upgrade their knowledge of current practices and issues will also find it useful. People who are primarily interested in a specific topic, such as information systems planning or system selection and implementation are likely to find more specialized books such as Planning for Integrated Systems and Technologies: A How-to-Do-It Manual for Librarians by John M. Cohn, Anne L. Kelsey, and Keith Michael Fiels (New York: Neal-Schuman, 2001) more useful."
    LCSH
    Library information networks
    Integrated library systems (Computer systems)
    Information storage and retrieval systems
    Series
    Library and information science text series
    Subject
    Library information networks
    Integrated library systems (Computer systems)
    Information storage and retrieval systems
  18. Davis, L.: Designing a search user interface for a digital library (2006) 0.06 
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    Abstract
    The author describes some of the challenges, decisions, and processes that affected the design and development of the search user interface for Version 2 of the Digital Library for Earth System Education (DLESE; www.dlese.org), released July 29, 2003. The DLESE is a community-led effort funded by the National Science Foundation and is part of the National Science Digital Library (NSDL).
    Date
    22. 7.2006 17:48:54
    Source
    Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology. 57(2006) no.6, S.788-791
  19. Prasad, K.N.: Professor A. Neelameghan and the Sarada Ranganathan Endowment for Library Science (2006) 0.06 
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    Abstract
    Prof. Arashanipalai Neelameghan (AN) has been associated with the Sarada Ranganathan Endowment for Library Science (SRELS) since its founding by Dr. S. R. Ranganathan (Dr.SRR) in 1961 (registered with the Treasurer of Charitable Endowments, Government of India, New Delhi, in 1963). Its aims and objectives briefly are: to improve the library and information services in India; to train library and information service personnel; to promote the provision of efficient library and information service; and to apply research results of library and information studies.
    Date
    29. 2.2008 18:17:50
    Source
    Knowledge organization, information systems and other essays: Professor A. Neelameghan Festschrift. Ed. by K.S. Raghavan and K.N. Prasad
  20. Han, Y.: ¬A RDF-based digital library system (2006) 0.06 
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    Abstract
    Purpose - To research a resource description framework (RDF) based digital library system that facilitates digital resource management and supports knowledge management for an interoperable information environment. Design/methodology/approach - The paper first introduces some of issues with metadata management and knowledge management and describes the needs for a true interoperable environment for information transferring across domains. A journal delivery application has been implemented as a concept-proof project to demonstrate the usefulness of RDF in digital library systems. Findings - The RDF-based digital library system at the University of Arizona Libraries provides an easy way for digital resource management by integrating other applications regardless of metadata formats and web presence. Practical implications - A journal delivery application has been running in the RDF-based digital library system since April 2005. An electronic theses and dissertation application will be handled by the same system. Originality/value - The paper suggests to use RDF, the semantic web technology, as a new approach to facilitate knowledge management and metadata management. Using RDF technology brings new ways to manage and discover information for libraries.
    Date
    31.12.2008 20:29:09
    Source
    Library hi tech. 24(2006) no.2, S.234-240

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