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Seufert, S.; Mayr, P.: Fachlexikon e-le(at)rning : Wegweiser durch das e-Vokabular (2002)
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-
Accart, J.-P.; Réthy, M.-P.: ¬Le métier de documentaliste (1999)
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-
Otlet, P.: Traité de documentation : le livre sur le livre - théorie et pratique (1934)
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-
Gilster, P.: Digital literacy (1997)
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- Footnote
- Rez. in: Online and CD-ROM review 22(1998) no.5, S.350-351 (P. Bradley)
-
Organisation des connaissances en vue de leur intégration dans les systèmes de représentation et de recherche d'information (1999)
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- Content
- Enthält die Beiträge: ABRAHAM, M.: ALEx, la machine où parler, c'est montrer des représentations. AUSSENAC-GILLES, N., A. CONDAMINES: Bases de connaissances terminologiques: Enjeux pour la consultation documentaire. BONHOMME, P., L. ROMARY: Apport de la statistique lexicale dans la recherche d'information. BRASSART, D.-G.: Effet de l'opposition "nom pleine vs anaphore" sur le traitment des textes épistémiques. CHEVALLET, J.-P., M.F. BRUANDET: Impact de l'utilisation de multi terms sur la qualité des résponses dùn système de recherche d'information a indexation automatique. CHIBOUT, K., A. VILNAT: Primitive sémantiques, classification des verbes et polysémie. COTE, C.: Conception de systèmes d'information utilisé dans le cours d'une activité: méthologie et outils de formalisation pour l'identification des opportunités informationelles. DACHELET, R.: Les thésauri multilingues: interopérabilité linguistique et interopérabilité sémantique. DAVID, A.A.: Modélisation de l'utilisateur et recherche coopérative dans les systèmes de recherche d'information. EYMARD, G., J.-M. FRANCONY: Vers un serveur d'indexation et de recherche sur le WEB. FERRET, O., B. GRAU U. N. MASSON: Utilisation d'un réseau de cooccurences lexikales pour a méliorer une analyse thématique fondée sur la distribution des mots. GROS, C., H. ASSADI: Intégration de connaissances dans un système de consultation de documentation technique. KOLMAYER, E.: Organisation des connaissances et expertises chez les usagers. MAJID, I.: L'organisation des connaissances dans les bibliothèques universitaires en France. MARANDA, P.: Proposition de mesure de puissance sémantique. MEUNIER, J.-G.: Vers un modèle générique des systèmes de traitment d'information. PAGANELLI, C.: Étude de l'activité des utilisaterus erepérage d'indices linguistiques pour la recherche d'information textuelle dans les documents techniques. POLANCO, X.: Extraction et modélisation des connaissances: une approche et ses technologies (EMCAT). POLITY, Y.: L'organisation des connaissances en France: état des lieux. SCHMITZ-ESSER, W.: Modélisation, au moyen d'un thésaurus encyclopédique et plurilingue, des connaissances présentées au cours de l'Exposition Mondialede l'an 2000. SIMONI, J.-L., C. FLUHR: Accès a l'information a travers les graphes de termes. TCHENAR, F.: Modélisation de l'utilisateur fondée sur ses croyances et ses buts en vue d'améliorer l'efficacité des sytèmes de recherche d'information. VAZOV, N.: Identification des differentes structures temporelles dans des textes et leur rôles dans le raisonnement temporel. VIDALENC, I., L. BOUZIDI: Nouvelle approche de conception de systèmes d'information multimédias centrée sur la distinction entre les données conceptuelles et les données sensibles. VIEIRA, L.: Modèle d'analyse pur une classification du document iconographique. ZARRI, G.P.: Utilisation de structures conceptuelles complexes pour représenter le "contenu sémantique" de textes narratifs.
-
Delahaye, J.-P.: PI: Die Story (1999)
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- Abstract
- Der berühmte Physiker Richard P. Feynman sagte einmal: "In einem Glas Wein steckt das ganze Universum". Die ganze Mathematik steckt dagegen, so könnte man nach der Lektüre von Pi, die Story von Jean-Paul Delahaye meinen, in der Zahl Pi. Tatsache: Was den Physikern ihr Doppelspaltexperiment, ist dem Mathematiker die Kreiszahl -- eigentlich sollte sie nur das Verhältnis zwischen Umfang und Durchmesser eines Kreises definieren, aber im Laufe der Jahrhunderte entpuppte sie sich als Störenfried, der Rechengelehrten das Leben gehörig zur Hölle machte. Wie kann eine einfache Zahl Generationen von Mathematikern zur Verzweiflung treiben? Wieso verbrachten Gelehrte Jahrzehnte damit, wenige Nachkommastellen dieser Zahl auszurechnen -- wie zum Beispiel der Mathematiker Rutherford, der sich dummerweise ab der 152. Stelle verrechnete und daher genausogut fünf Jahre seines Lebens auf den Bahamas hätte Urlaub machen können? Wieso verbringen erwachsene Menschen ihre Zeit damit, in engen, mit Computern vollgestopften Zimmern zu hausen, die nicht beheizt, aber trotzdem warm sind von der Abwärme von Computerprozessoren, die auf der Suche nach Regelmäßigkeiten in der Zahl Pi sind? Genau das ist Delahayes Thema, und genau das hebt sein Werk aus der Masse vieler populärwissenschaftlicher Bücher zu ähnlichen Themen heraus: Der Autor macht nicht nur Forschung begreifbar, sondern steckt regelrecht an mit seiner Begeisterung für Pi. Wußten Sie, daß die Zahl Pi in den bisher gefundenen Nachkommastellen dieser Zahl -- statistisch verschlüsselt -- ihrerseits verborgen ist? Daß Pi in der Bibel vorkommt (allerdings mit einem lausigen Näherungswert)? Daß es eine Formel gibt, die Nachkommastellen liefert, die bis zur 42 Milliardsten Nachkommastelle mit denen von Pi identisch sind, danach aber nicht mehr -- und niemand weiß warum? Dies und noch viel, viel mehr Staunenswertes breitet Delahaye vor seinen Lesern aus, er stellt Mathematiker vor, die sich über Pi und ähnliche Zahlenmonster den Kopf zerbrochen haben: Leibnitz, Euler, Ramanujan -- dieses früh verstorbene Genie, das "mal eben" Formeln auf Notizblätter werfen konnte, die Mathematikern bis heute die Tränen in die Augen schießen lassen. Delahaye zeigt die brillianten Ideen, mit denen er und seine Kollegen heute ihren Problemen zu Leibe rücken, erklärt elegante Beweise, durchdachte Computeralgorithmen und faszinierende Skurrilitäten, wie zum Beispiel eine Zahl, die man zwar definieren, aber niemals berechnen kann. Wer sich auf dieses Buch einläßt, braucht als Nichtmathematiker schon etwas Mut -- denn Delahaye fordert seinen Lesern einiges ab: Unendliche Reihen, Zahlentheorie, wirklich knackige Algebra. Und manchmal geht der Computerexperte mit ihm durch -- möglich, daß nicht alle seine Kollegen alles unterschreiben würden, was er z.B. in Sachen rechnergestützte Mathematik von sich gibt. Aber viele der Schätze in diesem Buch kann man auch heben, ohne sich ein mathematisches Handbuch an die Seite legen zu müssen: Hier ist eben der gesunde Menschenverstand endlich wieder gefragt. "Pi ist ein Spielverderber", "Pi ist überall", "Pi ist eine Falle". Dieses Buch auch -- und eine Herausforderung.
- Content
- Einheitssacht.: Le fascinant nombre p [Pi]
- Date
- 20. 3.2008 14:22:43
-
Les systèmes de recherche d'informations : modèles conceptuels (2004)
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- Content
- TABLE DES MATIERES Introduction 1* Le modèle booléen M. IHADJADENE, H. FONDIN 2*Technologies statistiques pour la recherche d'informations :les modèles vectoriels R. BESANÇON 3* Modèles probabilistes en recherche d'informations J.-Y. NIE, J. SAVOY 4* Connexionnisme et génétique pour la recherche d'informations M. BOUGHANEM, L. TAMINE 5* Modélisation logique pour la recherche d'informations J.-P. CHEVALLET 6* SRI et traitement du langage naturel C. DE LOUPY, E. CRESTAN 7* Modèles de langue pour la recherche d'informations M. BOUGHANEM, W. KRAAIJ, J.-Y. NIE 8* L'évaluation des systèmes de recherche d'informations S. CHAUDIRON Bibliographies/Index.
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Levie, F.: ¬L' Homme qui voulait classer le monde : Paul Otlet et le Mundaneum (2006)
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- Footnote
- Rez. in: KO 33(2006) no.2, S. 120-121 (S. Ducheyne): "To the readers of this journal the founding founder of bibliography and information science, the Belgian Paul Otlet (1868-1944), ground-layer of the Universal Decimal Classification, anticipator of multimedia, virtual libraries, and the Internet, and co-inventor of the microfilm or, as it was originally called, "le Bibliophote" (p. 107) (an achievement he shares together with Robert Goldschmidt), scarcely needs introduction. Françoise Levie's new biography of Otlet embodies the research she has started with the production of the documentary of the same name (Sofidoc, 2002, 60 min.). It is impossible to give a chapter-bychapter overview of this informatively dense and beautifully illustrated book, which consists of twenty chapters, a concluding piece by Benoît Peeters, a very useful list and description of the pivotal figures in Otlet's life, and a list containing the locations of the sources consulted (an index is, unfortunately, not provided). I will therefore restrict myself by pointing to Levie's innovative contributions to our knowledge of Otlet and to topics that are of genuine interest to the readers of this journal. Levie's book is the result of a fascinating, worldwide quest into the remains of Otlet's work and his international connections. Ever since W Boyd Rayward's monumental 1975 The Universe of Information: The Work of Paul Otlet for Documentation and International Organization (Moscow: VINITI), this book is the second systematic survey of the Collections of the Mundaneum (now, after various peregrinations, preserved at Bergen/Mons, Belgium) (cf. pp. 339-340), which contains Otlet's private documents, the "Otletaneum". Sixty-eight unopened banana boxes were the main source of inspirations for Levie's research. Of special interest in this respect is Levie's discovery of Otlet's 1916 diary "le Cahier Blue". As these boxes were, at the time Levie conducted her research, not classified and as they were thereafter re-divided and re-classified, precise references to this collection are not provided and the text is simply quoted during the course of the book (p. 339). While this is perfectly understandable, I would have welcomed exact references to Otlet's main works such as, for instance, Traité de documentation and Monde, Essai d'universalisme which are also quoted without supplying further details.
Levie's focus is not exclusively on Otlet's contributions to bibliography and information science per se, but aims at offering a very complete, chronological overview of the life and work of Paul Otlet. Levie succeeds very well at documenting Otlet's personal and familial life, and offers ample socio-historical and political contextualisation of Otlet's activities (e.g. the interaction between Otlet's internationalist endeavours and the expansionist politics of King Leopold II (p. 59), and Otlet's ardent pacifism during World War I are relevantly highlighted (pp. 161176)). Levie begins by exploring Otlet's childhood days and by bringing into perspective some of the traits which are relevant to understand his later work. She shows how his father Edouard, an internationally active railway contractor, awoke a mondial awareness in the young Otlet (pp. 20-21) and how his encyclopaedic spirit for the first time found expression in a systematic inventory of the small Mediterranean isle his father bought (L'île du Levant, 1882) (p. 31). From the age of 16 Otlet suffered from a disorder of his literal memory (Otlet's personal testimony in the Cahier Blue, on p. 47), which might perhaps explain his lifelong obsession with completeness and accuracy. Of special interest to the readers of this journal are chapter 4, in which Otlet's and Henri Lafontaine's adaptation of Melvil Dewey's Decimal Classification and the origin of the Universal Decimal Classification (UDC) is discussed in extenso (pp. 5170; also see chapter 6, p. 98 for Otlet's attempt at a universal iconographical index) and chapter 17, in which Traité de documentation (1934) is presented
(pp. 267-277). In chapter 5 (pp. 75-89), Levie discusses Otlet's interest in urbanism (also see, p. 147 ff) and recounts how in Westende he built from scratch a complete coastal village, a kind of miniutopia, in close collaboration with the architects Octave Van Rysselberghe and Henry Van de Velde (unfortunately, it was destroyed in 1914). In close connection to their pacifist ideals, Otlet and his Nobelprize winning co-worker Lafontaine sought to realize a World City and in 1911 saw their ambitions shared by the joint work of the French architect Ernest Hébrard and the American-Norwegian sculptor Hendrik Anderson (pp. 128-141). Later, in the late 1920s, Otlet joined forces with Le Corbusier to establish such a world-centre (pp. 229-247, a 1930 letter of Le Corbusier to Otlet on this matter is reproduced on pages 234-235). In his later moments of desperation, Otlet called on virtually every major political leader, including Mussolini, Franco, and Hitler to achieve this goal (pp. 217-218, p. 294). In these chapters related to architecture, Levie draws extensively on previously unstudied correspondence and adds much detail to our knowledge of Otlet's explorations in this area. In several other chapters, Levie documents in great detail the less unknown rise and downfall of Otlet's "Mondial Palace" (which was inaugurated in 1919) (chapters 12-14 and 16). Looking back on Otlet's endeavours it is not difficult to realize that many of his "utopian" ideas were realized in the course of history. Levie's unique work represents a most welcome update of our knowledge of Otlet. It bears direct relevance for historians of information science and bibliography and historians of architecture, but will, no doubt, attract many scholars from other disciplines, as it places Otlet against the background of several important historical trends and as it is very accessibly written. I take it that publishers are already preparing an English edition of this work - or else, they should be. I wholeheartedly agree with Levie's conclusion that we haven't finished discovering Otlet's work (p. 318)."
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Arnopoulos, P.: Sociophysics : chaos and cosmos in nature and culture (1993)
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- Footnote
- Rez. in: Knowledge organization 22(1995) no.3/4, S.181-182 (N.P. Smith)
-
Wyman, P.: Indexing specialities : medicine (1999)
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- Footnote
- Rez. in: Indexer 22(2000) no.1, S.51 (J. Halliday)
-
Cady, G.H.; McGregor, P.: Mastering the Internet (1996)
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- Date
- 13. 7.1998 19:21:22
-
Breton, P.: ¬The culture of the Internet and the Internet as cult : social fears and religious fantasies (2011)
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- Footnote
- Originaltitel: Le culte de l'Internet : une menace pour le lien social? (1999). Rez. in: ZfBB 58(2011) H.3/4, S.239-240 (U. Jochum)
-
Olson, N.B.: Cataloging computer files (1992)
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- Footnote
- Rez. in: International cataloguing and bibliographic control 22(1993) no.4, S.72 (R. Templeton); Technical services quarterly 11(1994) no.3, S.91-92 (P. Holzenberg)
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Gritzmann, P.; Brandenberg, R.: ¬Das Geheimnis des kürzesten Weges : ein mathematisches Abenteuer (2003)
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- Date
- 22. 2.2003 11:06:27
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Schechter, B.: Mein Geist ist offen : Die mathematischen Reisen des Paul Erdös (1999)
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- Biographed
- Erdös, P.
- Date
- 19. 7.2002 22:02:18
-
Poggendorff, J.C.: Biographisch-literarisches Handwörterbuch der exakten Naturwissenschaften
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- Date
- 3. 4.1996 15:41:22
- Footnote
- Rez. in: IfB 3(1995) H.4, S.939 (K. Schreiber). - Rez. zu Bd.7b (Bibliographie der Periodika) in: ZfBB 43(1996) H.3, S.268-269 (P. Bernhardt)
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Gralla, P.: So funktioniert das Internet : ein visueller Streifzug durch das Internet (1998)
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- Date
- 15. 7.2002 20:48:22
-
Richter, N.: Grammaire de l'indexation alphabetique (1984)
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- Imprint
- Le Mans : Bibliothèque de l'Universitè du Maine
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Laureilhe, M.T.: ¬Le thesaurus : son role, sa structure, son elaboration (1977)
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Breton, J.: ¬Le catalogage alphabétique de matières et l' indexation systématique en Dewey : exercises élémentaires (1980)
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