-
Warner, J.: Analogies between linguistics and information theory (2007)
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- Abstract
- An analogy is established between the syntagm and paradigm from Saussurean linguistics and the message and messages for selection from the information theory initiated by Claude Shannon. The analogy is pursued both as an end in itself and for its analytic value in understanding patterns of retrieval from full-text systems. The multivalency of individual words when isolated from their syntagm is contrasted with the relative stability of meaning of multiword sequences, when searching ordinary written discourse. The syntagm is understood as the linear sequence of oral and written language. Saussure's understanding of the word, as a unit that compels recognition by the mind, is endorsed, although not regarded as final. The lesser multivalency of multiword sequences is understood as the greater determination of signification by the extended syntagm. The paradigm is primarily understood as the network of associations a word acquires when considered apart from the syntagm. The restriction of information theory to expression or signals, and its focus on the combinatorial aspects of the message, is sustained. The message in the model of communication in information theory can include sequences of written language. Shannon's understanding of the written word, as a cohesive group of letters, with strong internal statistical influences, is added to the Saussurean conception. Sequences of more than one word are regarded as weakly correlated concatenations of cohesive units.
-
Frohmann, B.: Documentation redux : prolegomenon to (another) philosophy of information (2004)
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- Abstract
- A philosophy of information is grounded in a philosophy of documentation. Nunberg's conception of the phenomenon of information heralds a shift of attention away from the question "What is information?" toward a critical investigation of the sources and legitimation of the question itself. Analogies between Wittgenstein's deconstruction of philosophical accounts of meaning and a corresponding deconstruction of philosophical accounts of information suggest that because the informativeness of a document depends on certain kinds of practices with it, and because information emerges as an effect of such practices, documentary practices are ontologically primary to information. The informativeness of documents therefore refers us to the properties of documentary practices. These fall into four broad categories: their materiality; their institutional sites; the ways in which they are socially disciplined; and their historical contingency. Two examples from early modern science, which contrast the scholastic documentary practices of continental natural philosophers to those of their peers in Restoration England, illustrate the richness of the factors that must be taken into account to understand how documents become informing.
-
Gödert, W.; Lepsky, K.: Informationelle Kompetenz : ein humanistischer Entwurf (2019)
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- Footnote
- Rez. in: Philosophisch-ethische Rezensionen vom 09.11.2019 (Jürgen Czogalla), Unter: https://philosophisch-ethische-rezensionen.de/rezension/Goedert1.html. In: B.I.T. online 23(2020) H.3, S.345-347 (W. Sühl-Strohmenger) [Unter: https%3A%2F%2Fwww.b-i-t-online.de%2Fheft%2F2020-03-rezensionen.pdf&usg=AOvVaw0iY3f_zNcvEjeZ6inHVnOK]. In: Open Password Nr. 805 vom 14.08.2020 (H.-C. Hobohm) [Unter: https://www.password-online.de/?mailpoet_router&endpoint=view_in_browser&action=view&data=WzE0MywiOGI3NjZkZmNkZjQ1IiwwLDAsMTMxLDFd].
-
fwt: Wie das Gehirn Bilder 'liest' (1999)
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- Date
- 22. 7.2000 19:01:22
-
Yu, L.; Fan, Z.; Li, A.: ¬A hierarchical typology of scholarly information units : based on a deduction-verification study (2020)
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- Abstract
- Purpose The purpose of this paper is to lay a theoretical foundation for identifying operational information units for library and information professional activities in the context of scholarly communication. Design/methodology/approach The study adopts a deduction-verification approach to formulate a typology of units for scholarly information. It first deduces possible units from an existing conceptualization of information, which defines information as the combined product of data and meaning, and then tests the usefulness of these units via two empirical investigations, one with a group of scholarly papers and the other with a sample of scholarly information users. Findings The results show that, on defining an information unit as a piece of information that is complete in both data and meaning, to such an extent that it remains meaningful to its target audience when retrieved and displayed independently in a database, it is then possible to formulate a hierarchical typology of units for scholarly information. The typology proposed in this study consists of three levels, which in turn, consists of 1, 5 and 44 units, respectively. Research limitations/implications The result of this study has theoretical implications on both the philosophical and conceptual levels: on the philosophical level, it hinges on, and reinforces the objective view of information; on the conceptual level, it challenges the conceptualization of work by IFLA's Functional Requirements for Bibliographic Records and Library Reference Model but endorses that by Library of Congress's BIBFRAME 2.0 model. Practical implications It calls for reconsideration of existing operational units in a variety of library and information activities. Originality/value The study strengthens the conceptual foundation of operational information units and brings to light the primacy of "one work" as an information unit and the possibility for it to be supplemented by smaller units.
- Date
- 14. 1.2020 11:15:22
-
Electronic access to information : a new service paradigm. Proceedings from a symposium, 23-24 July 1993, Palo Alto, CA (1994)
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- Imprint
- Mountain View, CA : The Research Libraries Group
-
Donsbach, W.: Wahrheit in den Medien : über den Sinn eines methodischen Objektivitätsbegriffes (2001)
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- Source
- Politische Meinung. 381(2001) Nr.1, S.65-74 [https%3A%2F%2Fwww.dgfe.de%2Ffileadmin%2FOrdnerRedakteure%2FSektionen%2FSek02_AEW%2FKWF%2FPublikationen_Reihe_1989-2003%2FBand_17%2FBd_17_1994_355-406_A.pdf&usg=AOvVaw2KcbRsHy5UQ9QRIUyuOLNi]
-
Malsburg, C. von der: ¬The correlation theory of brain function (1981)
0.02
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- Source
- http%3A%2F%2Fcogprints.org%2F1380%2F1%2FvdM_correlation.pdf&usg=AOvVaw0g7DvZbQPb2U7dYb49b9v_
-
Kando, N.: Information concepts reexamined (1994)
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- Abstract
- Discusses and categorizes suitable information concepts for the context of LIS into 3 groups: objective information, subjective information, and information as process. Examines the characteristics of each group to indicate their relationships with each other
-
dpa: Struktur des Denkorgans wird bald entschlüsselt sein (2000)
0.02
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- Date
- 17. 7.1996 9:33:22
22. 7.2000 19:05:41
-
Stock, W.G.: Wissenschaftsinformatik : Fundierung, Gegenstand und Methoden (1980)
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- Source
- Ratio. 22(1980), S.155-164
-
Fallis, D.: Social epistemology and information science (2006)
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- Date
- 13. 7.2008 19:22:28
-
Arning, M.: Wenn Philosophen die Welt von den Füßen auf den Kopf stellen : bei den 22. Römerberggesprächen sorgt Hermann Lübbe für eine erstaunliche Provokation (1995)
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- Abstract
- Der Sozialphilosoph Hermann Lübbe ist überzeugt davon, daß die Massenmedien nicht 'vermassend', sondern vielmehr 'pluralistisch' wirken. - Bericht zu den 22. Frankfurter Römerberggesprächen zum Thema: Kommt eine neue Kultur? Auf der Suche nach Wirklichkeit im Medienzeitalter
-
Schöne neue Welt? : Fragen und Antworten: Wie Facebook menschliche Gedanken auslesen will (2017)
0.02
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- Date
- 22. 7.2004 9:42:33
22. 4.2017 11:58:05
-
Flohr, H.: Denken und Bewußtsein (1994)
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- Date
- 22. 7.2000 19:23:03
-
Repo, A.J.: ¬The dual approach to the value of information : an appraisal of use and exchange values (1989)
0.01
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- Source
- Information processing and management. 22(1986) no.5, S.373-383
-
afp: Gehirn von Taxifahrern passt sich an : Größerer Hippocampus (2000)
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- Date
- 22. 7.2000 19:05:18
-
Nitecki, A.: Information: its sources and role in nation building (1995)
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- Abstract
- Discusses information as a basic and absolutely essential commodity for any meaningful decision making. Proposes a taxonomy of information, based on its source of origin, inclusing somatic, genetic, terranean and animatic information. Emphasises that information, whatever its source or origin, has to be carefully selected, appropriately stored and made easily available at the right time, to any individual or group who may require it. Suggests the library of today appears to be the most logical depository of information, for which a new 'information literacy' must be developed
-
McKnight, C.: ¬The personal construction of information space (2000)
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- Abstract
- The present article describes the use of Repertory Grid methodology as a menas of externalizing an individual's view of information space. The method is described with a single participant, and appears to offer a viable means of exploring the concept of information space. Future work will examine multiple views in an attampt to explore the extent to which the concept is shared among a group of people
-
Falkenberg, E.; Hesse, W.; Lindgreen, P.; Nilsson, B.E.; Oei, J.L.H.; Rolland, C.; Stamper, R.K.; Van Assche, F.J.M.; Verrijn-Stuart, A.A.; Voss, K.: FRISCO - A framework of information system concepts : the FRISCO report; final draft (1996)
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- Imprint
- Leiden : University of Leiden, IFIP WG 8.1 Task Group FRISCO
