Search (8 results, page 1 of 1)

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Abstract

Purpose - The purpose of this paper is to explore the applicability to information behaviour contexts of the notion of a "search image", a mental entity highlighted in a significant anthropological study appearing in the 1990s. Design/methodology/approach - The paper considers search images of information-seekers by exploring hypothetical situations and using source material pertaining to areas such as information systems, information retrieval, information-seeking and the nature of libraries. Findings - Two types of search image are postulated - those taking the form of a visual memory of a particular source and those providing a detailed specification of material required in a certain situation. Research limitations/implications - The definition of a search image presented here has not been evolved through research featuring specially-undertaken fieldwork. New studies, incorporating individual interviews or think aloud protocols, should be conducted in order to address a series of emergent questions relating to search images. Practical implications - When more has been learned about the characteristics of search images of successful information-seekers, it may be possible to build into programmes of information literacy prompts that will help individuals to clarify in their minds what they require before embarking on an information search. Originality/value - Intended for information practitioners and academics alike, the paper forms the first attempt to apply a particular concept originating outside the discipline, i.e. that of a search image, to information-seeking situations. Attention to search images has the potential to increase one's understanding of how individuals find information, as well as to add a further dimension to information literacy instruction.

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a

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Abstract

To clarify the subject of a project and indicate its limits, investigators must define for readers their work's key concepts. In most information behaviour research, definition of "information" itself is critical, although it may be difficult to do this immediately, as the researcher may be initially unsure of the nature of the phenomenon of interest. A definition may be evolved retrospectively and informed by data collected. In assembling a definition, the investigator may consider whether to draw a distinction between "knowledge" and "information", whether information is believed to be of the purely "objective" kind and the purposes for which information is required. A decision also needs to be made on whether the researcher's construct of "information" should be imposed on study participants. Whatever the approaches taken, the definition must be at least partially grounded in widely held assumptions and not inspired solely by the need to control the work's scope.

Type

a

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Abstract

Purpose - Using a variety of evidence this paper aims to develop the concept of "inferential information-seeking". The term itself is new and the type of phenomena it addresses has been the subject of limited attention. Design/methodology/approach - The author considers inferential information-seeking in the context of three distinct scenarios, each of which has come to the writer's attention through either the literature or his own direct experience. Findings - Exploration of the identified instances of inferential information-seeking reveals that the strategy is a circuitous one employed by individuals when faced with barriers that impede their use of more obvious methods of finding information. Substantial mental effort may be required on the user's part to exploit the information elicited in such a way as to satisfy the information need stimulating the action. Research limitations/implications - The notion of inferential information-seeking postulated here is based on a very small number of cases, none of which has come to light in research specially undertaken to investigate the phenomenon. Practical implications - Even though knowledge of inferential information-seeking is still in its infancy, it would appear appropriate to incorporate some provision for it in the teaching of information literacy. Originality/value - Intended for information practitioners and academics alike, the paper synthesizes a new concept through examination of actual information-seeking episodes with reference to a wide-ranging body of source material. An understanding of inferential information-seeking offers the potential to increase our comprehension of how individuals find information, as well as to add a further dimension to information literacy instruction.

Type

a

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Abstract

Purpose - The purpose of this paper is to explore meta-models that pertain to information behaviour. It seeks to highlight the possibilities they offer to researchers wishing to develop their own and to readers more generally interested in information behaviour literature. Design/methodology/approach - Various frameworks that may be regarded as information behaviour meta-models were examined and three separate types were identified. These are discussed in turn, with particular characteristics of individual meta-models used to illustrate the types. Findings - A meta-model is considered here to be a model that has been derived from one or more existing models. Information behaviour meta-models fall into three categories: those that unify, within one framework, disparate models/theories from a number of areas; those that integrate the fundamentals of several models which share common strands; and those that recast an established model for a particular purpose. Research limitations/implications - The extent of the typology presented in the paper is bound by the limits of the authors' endeavours in uncovering relevant meta-models. Should further meta-models be traced, it is possible that other types would also come to light. Originality/value - The work will aid the reader's understanding of how theoretical frameworks in information behaviour are developed. It will help those who study the field's literature to grasp variations in the origin of the individual models they see, by demonstrating that models may be derived from others in different ways. It will also enable readers intent on constructing their own models to understand some of the courses of action open to them.

Type

a

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Abstract

Much of the research conducted into young people's information seeking has taken place in schools. These organisations afford access to hundreds of diverse youngsters. They are accessible, and pupils are effectively pre-classified for the researcher. Factors within a school that may affect information-seeking behaviour can be explored. Nevertheless, it can be difficult to secure all appropriate permissions for the work. The timing of data collection can be problematic and the pupil population may not include all groups of interest. The investigator must also decide on the method(s) used for collecting data from the youngsters. Several lend themselves to developing an understanding of how far the individuals under scrutiny use particular sources, systems or organisations. Others are more effective for exploring the strategies inquirers employ when exploiting materials. The investigator must select the method that appears best equipped to deliver a satisfactory answer to the research question.

Type

a

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Abstract

Purpose - The paper seeks to draw on Sice's systems model, itself based on Senge's "fixes that fail" archetype, and on data from two previous research projects conducted by one of the authors. The purpose of this paper is to synthesise a new model that portrays the information-seeking behaviour of children and young people. Design/methodology/approach - The systems model provides the backbone of the new framework but additions, accommodations and revisions were made to ensure that the version featured here represents the phenomenon of information seeking by the young as appropriately as possible in terms of the data that were gathered. Findings - One of the new model's most significant characteristics is its emphasis on problems and issues that prevent information seeking from proceeding smoothly. Information seeking is also shown to be an iterative process, with the individual often revisiting previous stages, frequently in response to difficulties. Research limitations/implications - Data were collected from pupils in just seven schools. The undertaking of research further a-field would be invaluable, if the extent to which the model is applicable to other information-seekers in different environments is to be ascertained. Practical implications - The model demonstrates the importance of the information professional's educative role, in terms of both delivering formal information literacy instruction and providing assistance at the point of need. Originality/value - Although the use of ideas and frameworks from other disciplines, with the aim of increasing understanding of phenomena within LIS, is a growing trend, this paper represents one of the first attempts to apply an existing model associated with systems thinking to information behaviour.

Type

a

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Abstract

Purpose - The paper aims to highlight the role of information capture within the scope of information behaviour (IB), especially with regard to young people in academic contexts. Design/methodology/approach - The examination is based on insights from the pertinent literature and the author's considerable experience of working with youngsters. Findings - A range of forms of information capture can be identified. The process may take place at several points in the overall spectrum of IB and have various causes. Although information capture and note-making are sometimes considered to be very similar and, on occasion, the terms are used virtually synonymously, there is strong evidence to suggest that they are actually quite separate and should not be confused. Research limitations/implications - Work for the paper does not involve the undertaking of new, specially conducted research. Illumination is gained purely from the reading of source material and the author's reflection on his professional experience in schools. Practical implications - After ascertaining the motivations behind capturing behaviour, it may be possible to identify deficiencies in students' skills, some of which may be remedied through teaching. Conversely, where capturing behaviour forms part of exemplary IB, educators may well consider instructing other students in the appropriate strategies. Originality/value - The paper is unusual in covering an aspect of IB that is frequently overlooked in models. Although the article's principal readership is intended to be academics and information professionals, it should also be useful to teachers keen to learn more about how their students tackle assignments.

Type

a

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Abstract

Despite the fact that effective information skills are a prerequisite for young people in today's society, relatively little is known about how youngsters actually find information. The existing knowledge base on the subject is scanty and piecemeal, and few efforts have been made to explore, as an entirety, studies of young people's information-seeking and to isolate the methods, perspectives and strategies that researchers have adopted. Examination of these areas can alert prospective investigators to issues that they should explore and approaches that they might wish to take in their own work. Matters for consideration include the purposes of past studies, the specific focuses that have been under scrutiny, the techniques that have been employed for gathering and analysing data, and stances that have been taken with regard to the generalisablility/transferability of findings.

Type

a