-
Belkin, N.J.; Croft, W.B.: Retrieval techniques (1987)
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- Source
- Annual review of information science and technology. 22(1987), S.109-145
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Yuan, X. (J.); Belkin, N.J.: Applying an information-seeking dialogue model in an interactive information retrieval system (2014)
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- Abstract
- Purpose - People often engage in different information-seeking strategies (ISSs) within a single information-seeking episode. A critical concern for the design of information retrieval (IR) systems is how to provide support for these different behaviors in a manner which searchers can easily understand, navigate and use, as they move from one ISS to another. The purpose of this paper is to describe a dialogue structure that was implemented in an experimental IR system, in order to address this concern. Design/methodology/approach - The authors conducted a user-centered experiment to evaluate the IR systems. Participants were asked to search for information on two different task types, with four different topics per task, in both the experimental system and a baseline system emulating state-of-the-art IR systems. The authors report here the results related explicitly to the use of the experimental system's dialogue structure. Findings - For one of the task types, most participants followed the search steps as predicted in the dialogue structures, and those who did so completed the task in fewer moves. For the other task type, predicted order of moves was often not followed, but participants again used fewer moves when following the predicted order. Results demonstrate that the dialogue structures the authors designed indeed support effective human information behavior patterns in a variety of ways, and that searchers can effectively use a system which changes to support different ISSs. Originality/value - This study shows that it is both possible and beneficial, to design an IR system which can support multiple ISSs, and that such a system can be understood and used successfully.
- Date
- 6. 4.2015 19:22:59
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- a
-
Belkin, N.J.: ¬An overview of results from Rutgers' investigations of interactive information retrieval (1998)
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- Abstract
- Over the last 4 years, the Information Interaction Laboratory at Rutgers' School of communication, Information and Library Studies has performed a series of investigations concerned with various aspects of people's interactions with advanced information retrieval (IR) systems. We have benn especially concerned with understanding not just what people do, and why, and with what effect, but also with what they would like to do, and how they attempt to accomplish it, and with what difficulties. These investigations have led to some quite interesting conclusions about the nature and structure of people's interactions with information, about support for cooperative human-computer interaction in query reformulation, and about the value of visualization of search results for supporting various forms of interaction with information. In this discussion, I give an overview of the research program and its projects, present representative results from the projects, and discuss some implications of these results for support of subject searching in information retrieval systems
- Date
- 22. 9.1997 19:16:05
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- a
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Belkin, N.J.: Anomalous states of knowledge as a basis for information retrieval (1980)
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Belkin, N.J.; Oddy, R.N.; Brooks, H.M.: Ask for information retrieval : Pt.1: Background and theory; Pt.2: Results of a study (1982)
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Belkin, N.J.; Vickery, A.: Interaction in information systems : a review of research from document retrieval to knowledge-based systems (1985)
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-
Li, Y.; Belkin, N.J.: ¬A faceted approach to conceptualizing tasks in information seeking (2008)
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- Abstract
- The nature of the task that leads a person to engage in information interaction, as well as of information seeking and searching tasks, have been shown to influence individuals' information behavior. Classifying tasks in a domain has been viewed as a departure point of studies on the relationship between tasks and human information behavior. However, previous task classification schemes either classify tasks with respect to the requirements of specific studies or merely classify a certain category of task. Such approaches do not lead to a holistic picture of task since a task involves different aspects. Therefore, the present study aims to develop a faceted classification of task, which can incorporate work tasks and information search tasks into the same classification scheme and characterize tasks in such a way as to help people make predictions of information behavior. For this purpose, previous task classification schemes and their underlying facets are reviewed and discussed. Analysis identifies essential facets and categorizes them into Generic facets of task and Common attributes of task. Generic facets of task include Source of task, Task doer, Time, Action, Product, and Goal. Common attributes of task includes Task characteristics and User's perception of task. Corresponding sub-facets and values are identified as well. In this fashion, a faceted classification of task is established which could be used to describe users' work tasks and information search tasks. This faceted classification provides a framework to further explore the relationships among work tasks, search tasks, and interactive information retrieval and advance adaptive IR systems design.
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-
Murdock, V.; Kelly, D.; Croft, W.B.; Belkin, N.J.; Yuan, X.: Identifying and improving retrieval for procedural questions (2007)
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- Abstract
- People use questions to elicit information from other people in their everyday lives and yet the most common method of obtaining information from a search engine is by posing keywords. There has been research that suggests users are better at expressing their information needs in natural language, however the vast majority of work to improve document retrieval has focused on queries posed as sets of keywords or Boolean queries. This paper focuses on improving document retrieval for the subset of natural language questions asking about how something is done. We classify questions as asking either for a description of a process or asking for a statement of fact, with better than 90% accuracy. Further we identify non-content features of documents relevant to questions asking about a process. Finally we demonstrate that we can use these features to significantly improve the precision of document retrieval results for questions asking about a process. Our approach, based on exploiting the structure of documents, shows a significant improvement in precision at rank one for questions asking about how something is done.
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-
Robertson, S.E.; Belkin, N.J.: Ranking in principle (1978)
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Belkin, N.J.: ¬The cognitive viewpoint in information science (1990)
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Belkin, N.J.; Robertson, S.E: Information science and the phenomenon of information (1976)
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Belkin, N.J.: Cognitive models and information transfer (1984)
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Belkin, N.J.: Information concepts for information science (1978)
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Belkin, N.J.: Ineffable concepts in information retrieval (1981)
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Belkin, N.J.; Marchetti, P.G.; Albrecht, M.; Fusco, L.; Skogvold, S.; Stokke, H.; Troina, G.: User interfaces for information systems (1991)
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- Abstract
- This paper presents descriptions of four information / system interface projects in progress at ESRIN, the astablishment of the European Space Agency (ESA) in Italy. Each project demonstrates a somewhat different approach to interface design, but all share the commonality of responding to user goals, tasks and characteristics. It is suggested that next generation scientific information systems will have to be designed for direct access by end users to a large variety of information sources, through a common interface. Design of such systems, including their interfaces, should be based on a multi-level analysis of user goals, tasks and domain views.
- Type
- a
-
Belkin, N.J.; Cabezas, A.; Cool, C.; Kim, K.; Ng, K.B.; Park, S.; Pressman, R.; Rieh, S.; Savage, P.; Xie, H.: Rutgers interactive track at TREC-5 (1997)
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Belkin, N.J.; Marchetti, P.G.; Cool, C.: BRAQUE: design of an interface to support user interaction in information retrieval (1993)
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Belkin, N.J.: Interaction with texts : information retrieval as information seeking behavior (1993)
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Cool, C.; Belkin, N.J.: Interactive information retrieval : history and background (2011)
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Li, Y.; Belkin, N.J.: ¬An exploration of the relationships between work task and interactive information search behavior (2010)
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- Abstract
- This study explores the relationships between work task and interactive information search behavior. Work task was conceptualized based on a faceted classification of task. An experiment was conducted with six work-task types and simulated work-task situations assigned to 24 participants. The results indicate that users present different behavior patterns to approach useful information for different work tasks: They select information systems to search based on the work tasks at hand, different work tasks motivate different types of search tasks, and different facets controlled in the study play different roles in shaping users' interactive information search behavior. The results provide empirical evidence to support the view that work tasks and search tasks play different roles in a user's interaction with information systems and that work task should be considered as a multifaceted variable. The findings provide a possibility to make predictions of a user's information search behavior from his or her work task, and vice versa. Thus, this study sheds light on task-based information seeking and search, and has implications in adaptive information retrieval (IR) and personalization of IR.
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