Search (6 results, page 1 of 1)

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Date

22. 2.2009 12:33:37

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Abstract

Experts investigate the reasons for low female participation in computing and suggest strategies for moving toward parity through studies of middle and high school girls, female students and postsecondary computer science programs, and women in the information technology workforce. Computing remains a heavily male-dominated field even after 25 years of extensive efforts to promote female participation. The contributors to "Women and Information Technology" look at reasons for the persistent gender imbalance in computing and explore some strategies intended to reverse the downward trend. The studies included are rigorous social science investigations; they rely on empirical evidence - not rhetoric, hunches, folk wisdom, or off-the-cuff speculation about supposed innate differences between men and women. Taking advantage of the recent surge in research in this area, the editors present the latest findings of both qualitative and quantitative studies. Each section begins with an overview of the literature on current research in the field, followed by individual studies. The first section investigates the relationship between gender and information technology among preteens and adolescents, with each study considering what could lead girls' interest in computing to diverge from boys'; the second section, on higher education, includes a nationwide study of computing programs and a cross-national comparison of computing education; the final section, on pathways into the IT workforce, considers both traditional and non-traditional paths to computing careers.

Footnote

Rez. in: JASIST 58(2007) no.11, S.1704 (D.E. Agosto): "Student participation in computer science (CS) has dropped significantly over the past few years in the United States. As the Computing Research Association (Vegso, 2006) recently noted, "After five years of decline, the number of new CS majors in fall 2005 was half of what it was in fall 2000 (15,958 vs. 7,952)." Many computing educators and working professionals worry that this reduced level of participation might result in slowed technological innovation in future years. Adding to the problem is especially low female participation in the computer-related disciplines. For example, Cohoon (2003) showed that the percentage of high school girls indicating intent to study CS in college dropped steadily from 1991 to 2001, from a high of 37% to a low of 20%. The National Science Foundation's most recent report on Women, Minorities, and Persons with Disabilities in Science and Engineering (National Science Foundation, 2004) indicates that while females obtained 57% of all bachelor's degrees in 2001, they obtained just 28% of computer-related undergraduate degrees. These low percentages of female participation are reflected in the computing workforce as well. Women and Information Technology: Research on Underrepresentation provides an overview of research projects and research trends relating to gender and computing. The book takes a proactive general stance; the ultimate goal of publishing the research included in the volume is to lead to significant gains in female representation in the study and practice of the computing-related fields. ... The volume as a whole does not offer a clear-cut solution to the problem of female underrepresentation, but a number of the chapters do indicate that recruitment and retention must be dealt with jointly, as each is dependent on the other. Another recurring theme is the importance of role models from early on in girls' lives, in the form of both female faculty and female computing professionals as role models. Still another recurring theme is the importance of female mentoring before and during the college years, including both informal peer mentoring and formal faculty mentoring. Taken as a whole, this is a successful work that is probably most useful as a background reference tool. As such, it should assist students and scholars interested in continuing this undeniably important area of research."

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Classification

Soz A 89 Informatik

SBB

Soz A 89 Informatik

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Abstract

Few companies in history have ever been as successful and as admired as Google, the company that has transformed the Internet and become an indispensable part of our lives. How has Google done it? Veteran technology reporter Steven Levy was granted unprecedented access to the company, and in this revelatory book he takes readers inside Google headquarters-the Googleplex-to show how Google works. While they were still students at Stanford, Google cofounders Larry Page and Sergey Brin revolutionized Internet search. They followed this brilliant innovation with another, as two of Google's earliest employees found a way to do what no one else had: make billions of dollars from Internet advertising. With this cash cow (until Google's IPO nobody other than Google management had any idea how lucrative the company's ad business was), Google was able to expand dramatically and take on other transformative projects: more efficient data centers, open-source cell phones, free Internet video (YouTube), cloud computing, digitizing books, and much more. The key to Google's success in all these businesses, Levy reveals, is its engineering mind-set and adoption of such Internet values as speed, openness, experimentation, and risk taking. After its unapologetically elitist approach to hiring, Google pampers its engineers-free food and dry cleaning, on-site doctors and masseuses-and gives them all the resources they need to succeed. Even today, with a workforce of more than 23,000, Larry Page signs off on every hire. But has Google lost its innovative edge? It stumbled badly in China-Levy discloses what went wrong and how Brin disagreed with his peers on the China strategy-and now with its newest initiative, social networking, Google is chasing a successful competitor for the first time. Some employees are leaving the company for smaller, nimbler start-ups. Can the company that famously decided not to be evil still compete? No other book has ever turned Google inside out as Levy does with In the Plex.

Content

The world according to Google: biography of a search engine -- Googlenomics: cracking the code on internet profits -- Don't be evil: how Google built its culture -- Google's cloud: how Google built data centers and killed the hard drive -- Outside the box: the Google phone company. and the Google t.v. company -- Guge: Google moral dilemma in China -- Google.gov: is what's good for Google, good for government or the public? -- Epilogue: chasing tail lights: trying to crack the social code.

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Editor

Münker, S. u. A. Roesler