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Footnote

The release of Stimulated Recall and Mental Models, therefore, could not have been timelier. It describes an empirical qualitative, case study research conducted by authors Lyn Henderson and Julie Tallman in which they studied the mental models of school librarians teaching K-12 students how to use electronic databases. In this research, funded by the Spencer Foundation, Henderson and Tallman studied and analyzed the mental models of their subjects, six American and four Australian school librarians, as they went about the task of teaching students one-on-one how to access and retrieve the information they needed for class assignments from electronic databases. Each librarian and student underwent a structured pre-lesson interview to ascertain their mental models (the sum of their prior learning and experiences) regarding the upcoming lesson. The lesson followed immediately and was carefully video- and audio-recorded, with the full knowledge of the librarian and her student. After the lessons, both student and librarian were interviewed with the intent of learning what each were thinking and feeling at specific points during the lesson, using the recordings as memory joggers. After the first librarian-pupil session, the student was freed but the librarian was re-studied tutoring a second learner. Again, the teacher and new student were preinterviewed, their lesson was recorded, and they were debriefed using the recordings for stimulated recall. It is important to note here the use of the recordings to create stimulated recall. Though considered a dubious practice by many respected researchers, Henderson and Tallman expend considerable time and effort in this book trying to establish the credibility of stimulated recall as a valid research tool. I find it interesting that the authors report that their realization of the value of stimulated recall was a collateral benefit of their study; they claim the original objective of their research was to analyze and compare the pre- and post-lesson mental models of the teacher-librarians (p.15). Apparently, this realization provided the inspiration for this book (pp. I & 208). Hence, its place of importance in the book's title.
This book is evidence that Henderson and Tallman were meticulous in following their established protocols and especially in their record keeping while conducting their research. There are, however, a few issues in the study's framework and methodology that are worth noting. First, although the research was conducted in two different countries - the United Slates and Australia - it is not clear from the writing if the librarian-pupil pairs of each country hailed from the same schools (making the population opportunistic) or if the sampling was indeed more randomly selected. Readers do know, though, that the librarians were free to select the students they tutored from within their respective schools. Thus, there appears to he no randomness. Second, "[t]he data collection tools and questionnaires were grounded in a [single] pilot study with a [single] teacher-Iibrarian" (p. 7). Neither the procedures used nor the data collected from the pilot study are presented to establish its reliability and validity. Therefore, readers are left with only limited confidence in the study's instrumentation. Further, it is obvious from the reading, and admitted by the researchers, that the recording equipment in open view of the study's subjects skewed the data. That is, one of the librarians tinder study confessed that were it not for the cameras, she would have completely deserted one of her lessons when encountering what she perceived to be overwhelming obstacles: a classic example of the Hawthorne Effect in research. Yet. despite these issues, researchers Henderson and Tallman make a respectable ease in this book for the validity of both mental models and stimulated recall. The mental models developed during the prelesson interviews seem remarkably accurate when observing the school librarians during the lessons. Additionally, while the librarians were able to adapt their lessons based on situations, they generally did so within their mental models of what constitutes good teachers and good teaching.

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Content

- Fachportale - Open Access II Werner Dees, Marc Rittberger: Anforderungen an bibliographische Datenbanken in Hinblick auf szientometrische Analysen am Beispiel der FIS Bildung Literaturdatenbank Joachim Pfister, Thomas Weinhold, Hans-Dieter Zimmermann: Open Access in der Schweiz Jan Steinberg: Instrumente der Überzeugungsarbeit - Kollaboration, Partizipation Christina Bieber, Harald Kraemer, Jens M. Lill, Werner Schweibenz: Museum 2.0? Hans Giessen: Primingeffekte in einer Simulation computergestützten kooperativen Arbeitens Christoph Mandl, Christoph Pfeiffer, Christian Wolff: Partizipative Leitbildentwicklung und Hochschulkommunikation - Buchwirtschaft, Informationswirtschaft Hans-Dieter Zimmermann: Die Digitalisierung der Wertschöpfung auf dem Buchmarkt Christoph Bläsi: E-Books und die Stakeholder des Buches Karin Ludewig: Das Wissensobjekt im Zeitalter seiner digitalen Produzierbarkeit
- Ausbildung, E-Learning I Isabella Peters, Sonja Gust von Loh, Katrin Weller: Multimediale und kollaborative Lehr- und Lernumgebungen in der akademischen Ausbildung Nina Heinze: Informationskompetenz: mehr als die Nutzung von Informationen Kirsten Scherer Auberson, Sonja Hierl: Lässt sich ein Zuwachs an Informationskompetenz messen? - Ausbildung, E-Learning II Sabina Jeschke, Nicole Natho, Olivier Pfeiffer, Christian Schröder: Moderne Studienform Achim Oßwald, Dagmar Otto, Nikiaus Stettier: Qualitätssicherungsstrategie für kooperativ erstellte E-Learning-Kurse Joachim Griesbaum, Wolfgang Semar, Ralph Kölle: E-Learning 2.0 - Doktoranden-Vorträge - Posterpräsentationen - Studentenpräsentationen (Abstracts)

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Editor

Intner, S.S. u. E. Swanson

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Abstract

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 9th European Conference on Research and Advanced Technology for Digital Libraries, ECDL 2005, held in Vienna, Austria in September 2005. The 41 revised full papers presented together with 2 panel papers and 30 revised poster papers were carefully reviewed and selected from a total of 162 submissions. The papers are organized in topical sections on digital library models and architectures, multimedia and hypermedia digital libraries, XML, building digital libraries, user studies, digital preservation, metadata, digital libraries and e-learning, text classification in digital libraries, searching, and text digital libraries.

Content

Inhalt u.a.: - Digital Library Models and Architectures - Multimedia and Hypermedia Digital Libraries - XML - Building Digital Libraries - User Studies - Digital Preservation - Metadata - Digital Libraries and e-Learning - Text Classification in Digital Libraries - Searching - - Focused Crawling Using Latent Semantic Indexing - An Application for Vertical Search Engines / George Almpanidis, Constantine Kotropoulos, Ioannis Pitas - - Active Support for Query Formulation in Virtual Digital Libraries: A Case Study with DAFFODIL / Andre Schaefer, Matthias Jordan, Claus-Peter Klas, Norbert Fuhr - - Expression of Z39.50 Supported Search Capabilities by Applying Formal Descriptions / Michalis Sfakakis, Sarantos Kapidakis - Text Digital Libraries

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Classification

ASL (E)

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ASL (E)

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Content

Inhalt: An Introduction to Metatheories, Theories, and Models (Marcia J. Bates) - What Methodology Does to Theory: Sense-Making Methodology as Exemplar (Brenda Dervin) Evolution in Information Behavior Modeling Wilson's Model (T.D. Wilson) - Affective Load (Diane Nahl) - Anomalous State of Knowledge (Nicholas J. Belkin) - Archival Intelligence (Elizabeth Yakel) - Bandura's Social Cognition (Makiko Miwa) - Berrypicking (Marcia J. Bates) - Big6 Skills for Information Literacy (Carrie A. Lowe and Michael B. Eisenberg) - Chang's Browsing (Chan-Ju L. Chang) - Chatman's Information Poverty (Julie Hersberger) - Chatman's Life in the Round (Crystal Fulton) - Cognitive Authority (Soo Young Rieh) - Cognitive Work Analysis (Raya Fidel and Annelise Mark Pejtersen) - Collective Action Dilemma (Marc Smith and Howard T. Weiser) - Communicative Action (Gerald Benoît) - Communities of Practice (Elisabeth Davies) - Cultural Models of Hall and Hofstede (Anita Komlodi) - Dervin's Sense-Making (Tonyia J. Tidline) - Diffusion Theory (Darian Lajoie-Paquette) - The Domain Analytic Approach to Scholars' Information Practices (Sanna Talja) - Ecological Theory of Human Information Behavior (Kirsty Williamson) - Elicitation as Micro-Level Information Seeking (Mei-Mei Wu) - Ellis's Model of InformationSeeking Behavior (David Ellis) - Everyday Life Information Seeking (Reijo Savolainen) - Face Threat (Lorri Mon) - Flow Theory (Charles Naumer) - General Model of the Information Seeking of Professionals (Gloria J. Leckie) - The Imposed Query (Melissa Gross) - Information Acquiringand-Sharing (Kevin Rioux) - Information Activities in Work Tasks (Katriina Byström) - Information Encountering (Sanda Erdelez) - Information Grounds (Karen E. Fisher) - Information Horizons (Diane H. Sonnenwald) - Information Intents (Ross J. Todd) - Information Interchange (Rita Marcella and Graeme Baxter) - Institutional Ethnography (Roz Stooke) - Integrative Framework for Information Seeking and Interactive Information Retrieval (Peter Ingwersen) - Interpretative Repertoires (Pamela J. McKenzie) - Krikelas's Model of Information Seeking (Jean Henefer and Crystal Fulton) - Kuhlthau's Information Search Process (Carol Collier Kuhlthau) - Library Anxiety (Patricia Katopol) - Monitoring and Blunting (Lynda M. Baker) - Motivational Factors for Interface Design (Carolyn Watters and Jack Duffy) - Network Gatekeeping (Karine Barzilai-Nahon) - Nonlinear Information Seeking (Allen Foster) - Optimal Foraging (JoAnn Jacoby) - Organizational Sense Making and Information Use (Anu Maclntosh-Murray) - The PAIN Hypothesis (Harry Bruce) -
Perspectives on the Tasks in which Information Behaviors Are Embedded (Barbara M. Wildemuth and Anthony Hughes) - Phenomenography (Louise Limberg) - Practice of Everyday Life (Paulette Rothbauer) - Principle of Least Effort (Donald O. Case) - Professions and Occupational Identities (Olof Sundin and Jenny Hedman) - Radical Change (Eliza T. Dresang) - Reader Response Theory (Catherine Sheldrick Ross) - Rounding and Dissonant Grounds (Paul Solomon) - Serious Leisure (Jenna Hartel) - Small-World Network Exploration (Lennart Björneborn) - Nan Lin's Theory of Social Capital (Catherine A. Johnson) - The Social Constructionist Viewpoint on Information Practices (Kimmo Tuominen, Sanna Talja, and Reijo Savolainen) - Social Positioning (Lisa M. Given) - The Socio-Cognitive Theory of Users Situated in Specific Contexts and Domains (Birger Hjoerland) - Strength of Weak Ties (Christopher M. Dixon) - Symbolic Violence (Steven Joyce) - Taylor's Information Use Environments (Ruth A. Palmquist) - Taylor's Question-Negotiation (Phillip M. Edwards) - Transtheoretical Model of the Health Behavior Change (C. Nadine Wathen and Roma M. Harris) - Value Sensitive Design (Batya Friedman and Nathan G. Freier) - Vygotsky's Zone of Proximal Development (Lynne (E. E) McKechnie) - Web Information Behaviors of Organizational Workers (Brian Detlor) - Willingness to Return (Tammara Combs Turner and Joan C. Durrance) - Women's Ways of Knowing (Heidi Julien) - Work Task Information-Seeking and Retrieval Processes (Preben Hansen) - World Wide Web Information Seeking (Don Turnbull)

Footnote

Zusammenfassend möchte ich folgende Behauptung wagen: Wer dieses Buch gründlich studiert (und natürlich auch die zahlreichen Literaturhinweise verfolgt), kennt mehr oder weniger alles, was es zum Themenbereich Informationsverhalten - als Teildisziplin der Informationswissenschaft - zu wissen gibt. Kann man über ein Buch noch etwas Besseres sagen? Und kann man voraussehen, welche neuen metatheoretischen Ansätze mit einer solchen Gesamtschau noch gefunden können und werden? In formaler Hinsicht bietet der Verlag Information Today mit dem vorliegenden Buch einen ansprechend gestalteten Hardcover-Band ohne größere Mängel und mit einem dem Gebotenen angemessenen Preis. Von dem fast 30 Seiten langen kombinierten Namens- und Sachregister könnten manche europäischen Verlage - die diesbezüglich eher auf Einsparung setzen oder wenig professionelle Register anbieten - lernen, wie man derlei macht. Als fehlend könnte man vielleicht einen Anhang mit den Kurzbiographien aller Beitragenden empfinden, doch mag es verständlich erscheinen, dass dies angesichts deren großer Zahl auf eine Vorstellung der drei Herausgeberinnen beschränkt wurde. Nicht gefallen hat mir der wenig konsistente Zitierstil bei den bibliographischen Angaben, einschließlich der Mode, beim Zitieren von Zeitschriftenaufsätzen vorgeblich redundante Heftangaben wegzulassen. Über die Exaltation der dritten Herausgeberin, ihrem Vornamen (auch auf dem Titelblatt!) noch den Klammerausdruck "(E. F.)" hinzuzufügen, sei rasch der Mantel des Schweigens gebreitet. In Summe daher, wie schon eingangs festgestellt wurde, ein vorzügliches und sehr empfehlenswertes Buch."

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