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Place, E.: Internationale Zusammenarbeit bei Internet Subject Gateways (1999)
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- Date
- 22. 6.2002 19:35:09
- Language
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Hickey, T.; Vizine-Goetz, D.: ¬The role of classification in CORC (1999)
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- Source
- Online information 99: 23rd International Online Information Meeting, Proceedings, London, 7-9 December 1999. Ed.: D. Raitt et al
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Robinson, L.; Bawden, D.: Internet subject gateways (1999)
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Kirriemuir, J.; Brickley, D.; Welsh, S.; Knight, J.; Hamilton, M.: Cross-searching subject gateways : the query routing and forward knowledge approach (1998)
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- Abstract
- A subject gateway, in the context of network-based resource access, can be defined as some facility that allows easier access to network-based resources in a defined subject area. The simplest types of subject gateways are sets of Web pages containing lists of links to resources. Some gateways index their lists of links and provide a simple search facility. More advanced gateways offer a much enhanced service via a system consisting of a resource database and various indexes, which can be searched and/or browsed through a Web-based interface. Each entry in the database contains information about a network-based resource, such as a Web page, Web site, mailing list or document. Entries are usually created by a cataloguer manually identifying a suitable resource, describing the resource using a template, and submitting the template to the database for indexing. Subject gateways are also known as subject-based information gateways (SBIGs), subject-based gateways, subject index gateways, virtual libraries, clearing houses, subject trees, pathfinders and other variations thereof. This paper describes the characteristics of some of the subject gateways currently accessible through the Web, and compares them to automatic "vacuum cleaner" type search engines, such as AltaVista. The application of WHOIS++, centroids, query routing, and forward knowledge to searching several of these subject gateways simultaneously is outlined. The paper concludes with looking at some of the issues facing subject gateway development in the near future. The paper touches on many of the issues mentioned in a previous paper in D-Lib Magazine, especially regarding resource-discovery related initiatives and services.
- Source
- D-Lib magazine. 4(1998) no.1, xx S
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Peters, C.; Picchi, E.: Across languages, across cultures : issues in multilinguality and digital libraries (1997)
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- Source
- D-Lib magazine. 3(1997) no.5, xx S
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Rusch-Feja, D.; Becker, H.J.: Global Info : the German digital libraries project (1999)
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- D
- Source
- D-Lib magazine. 5(1999) no.3, xx S
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Crane, G.: ¬The Perseus Project and beyond : how building a digital library challenges the humanities and technology (1998)
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- Source
- D-Lib magazine. 4(1998) no.1, xx S
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Fife, E.D.; Husch, L.: ¬The Mathematics Archives : making mathematics easy to find on the Web (1999)
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- D-Lib magazine. 5(1999) no.3, xx S
-
Oard, D.W.: Serving users in many languages : cross-language information retrieval for digital libraries (1997)
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- Source
- D-Lib magazine. 3(1997) no.12, xx S
-
Spink, A.; Wilson, T.; Ellis, D.; Ford, N.: Modeling users' successive searches in digital environments : a National Science Foundation/British Library funded study (1998)
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- D-Lib magazine. 4(1998) no.4, xx S
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Borgman, C.L.: Multi-media, multi-cultural, and multi-lingual digital libraries : or how do we exchange data In 400 languages? (1997)
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- Abstract
- The Internet would not be very useful if communication were limited to textual exchanges between speakers of English located in the United States. Rather, its value lies in its ability to enable people from multiple nations, speaking multiple languages, to employ multiple media in interacting with each other. While computer networks broke through national boundaries long ago, they remain much more effective for textual communication than for exchanges of sound, images, or mixed media -- and more effective for communication in English than for exchanges in most other languages, much less interactions involving multiple languages. Supporting searching and display in multiple languages is an increasingly important issue for all digital libraries accessible on the Internet. Even if a digital library contains materials in only one language, the content needs to be searchable and displayable on computers in countries speaking other languages. We need to exchange data between digital libraries, whether in a single language or in multiple languages. Data exchanges may be large batch updates or interactive hyperlinks. In any of these cases, character sets must be represented in a consistent manner if exchanges are to succeed. Issues of interoperability, portability, and data exchange related to multi-lingual character sets have received surprisingly little attention in the digital library community or in discussions of standards for information infrastructure, except in Europe. The landmark collection of papers on Standards Policy for Information Infrastructure, for example, contains no discussion of multi-lingual issues except for a passing reference to the Unicode standard. The goal of this short essay is to draw attention to the multi-lingual issues involved in designing digital libraries accessible on the Internet. Many of the multi-lingual design issues parallel those of multi-media digital libraries, a topic more familiar to most readers of D-Lib Magazine. This essay draws examples from multi-media DLs to illustrate some of the urgent design challenges in creating a globally distributed network serving people who speak many languages other than English. First we introduce some general issues of medium, culture, and language, then discuss the design challenges in the transition from local to global systems, lastly addressing technical matters. The technical issues involve the choice of character sets to represent languages, similar to the choices made in representing images or sound. However, the scale of the language problem is far greater. Standards for multi-media representation are being adopted fairly rapidly, in parallel with the availability of multi-media content in electronic form. By contrast, we have hundreds (and sometimes thousands) of years worth of textual materials in hundreds of languages, created long before data encoding standards existed. Textual content from past and present is being encoded in language and application-specific representations that are difficult to exchange without losing data -- if they exchange at all. We illustrate the multi-language DL challenge with examples drawn from the research library community, which typically handles collections of materials in 400 or so languages. These are problems faced not only by developers of digital libraries, but by those who develop and manage any communication technology that crosses national or linguistic boundaries.
- Source
- D-Lib magazine. 3(1997) no.6, xx S
-
Arms, W.Y.; Blanchi, C.; Overly, E.A.: ¬An architecture for information in digital libraries (1997)
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- Source
- D-Lib magazine. 3(1997) no.2, xx S
