-
Zeng, M.L.; Fan, W.; Lin, X.: SKOS for an integrated vocabulary structure (2008)
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- Abstract
- In order to transfer the Chinese Classified Thesaurus (CCT) into a machine-processable format and provide CCT-based Web services, a pilot study has been conducted in which a variety of selected CCT classes and mapped thesaurus entries are encoded with SKOS. OWL and RDFS are also used to encode the same contents for the purposes of feasibility and cost-benefit comparison. CCT is a collected effort led by the National Library of China. It is an integration of the national standards Chinese Library Classification (CLC) 4th edition and Chinese Thesaurus (CT). As a manually created mapping product, CCT provides for each of the classes the corresponding thesaurus terms, and vice versa. The coverage of CCT includes four major clusters: philosophy, social sciences and humanities, natural sciences and technologies, and general works. There are 22 main-classes, 52,992 sub-classes and divisions, 110,837 preferred thesaurus terms, 35,690 entry terms (non-preferred terms), and 59,738 pre-coordinated headings (Chinese Classified Thesaurus, 2005) Major challenges of encoding this large vocabulary comes from its integrated structure. CCT is a result of the combination of two structures (illustrated in Figure 1): a thesaurus that uses ISO-2788 standardized structure and a classification scheme that is basically enumerative, but provides some flexibility for several kinds of synthetic mechanisms Other challenges include the complex relationships caused by differences of granularities of two original schemes and their presentation with various levels of SKOS elements; as well as the diverse coordination of entries due to the use of auxiliary tables and pre-coordinated headings derived from combining classes, subdivisions, and thesaurus terms, which do not correspond to existing unique identifiers. The poster reports the progress, shares the sample SKOS entries, and summarizes problems identified during the SKOS encoding process. Although OWL Lite and OWL Full provide richer expressiveness, the cost-benefit issues and the final purposes of encoding CCT raise questions of using such approaches.
- Source
- Metadata for semantic and social applications : proceedings of the International Conference on Dublin Core and Metadata Applications, Berlin, 22 - 26 September 2008, DC 2008: Berlin, Germany / ed. by Jane Greenberg and Wolfgang Klas
-
Staab, S.: ¬Der Weg ins "Semantic Web" ist ein Schichtenmodell (2002)
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- Content
- "Wie kann man semantische Informationen übermitteln? Die Antwort auf diese Frage ist - zur großen Verwunderung Vieler - nicht einfach XML. Die Standardsprache XML (mit ihren verschiedenen Add-Ons wie Xlink, Xpath) wird heutzutage vielfach benutzt, um Informationen zu übermitteln (etwa mittels XML/EDI für B2B-Transaktionen). Obwohl sie dabei bereits eine deutliche Erleichterung verschafft im Vergleich zu früheren ideosynkratischen Mechanismen (z.B. EDIFACT), ist XML per se nur bedingt geeignet, um semantische Zusammenhänge auszudrücken. Die Struktur eines XMLDokuments ist nicht gleichzusetzen mit der Semantik der darin enthaltenen Informationsbestandteile. Die Schemasprachen DTD (Document Type Definition) und XML-Schema sind zu schwach, um alle semantischen Zusammenhänge zu transportieren. Zur Lösung des Problems wurde ein Schichtenmodell konzipiert. Es baut auf den existierenden Standards für XML mit den Namespace-Mechanismen und XMLSchemadefinitionen auf, um Informationen auf syntaktischer Ebene zu transportieren. Allerdings wird die Ausdrucksfähigkeit von XML deutlich erweitert. Der Erweiterung liegt der Standard RDF (Ressource Description Framework) zugrunde. Mit diesem Ansatz können komplexe Aussagen über Tripel modelliert werden. "Alexander glaubt, dass Andreas ein Experte im Clustering ist", wird repräsentiert durch "Alexander glaubt X",X ist eine Aussage", "Das Subjekt von X ist Andreas",das Prädikat von X ist Experteln" und "das Objekt von X ist Clustering". Jede Ressource wird durch ein URI (Uniform Ressource Identifier) repräsentiert, z.B. wäre für Andreas www.aifb.unikarlsruhe.de/WBS/aho eine mögliche URI. Mit RDF Schema können darüber hinaus Gattungshierarchien aufgebaut werden, etwa um auszudrücken: "Andreas ist ein Experte" oder - exakter dargestellt - "Das Ding" hinter www.aifb.unikarlsruhe.de/WBS/aho ist ein Experte". Die darauf folgenden Ebenen des Schichtenmodells befassen sich mit einer zunehmend feineren Darstellung von inhaltlichen Beziehungen. Zum Beispiel umfassen semantische Technologien sogenannte "Ontologien", die für ein Fachgebiet nicht nur Kategorisierungen, sondern auch Regeln beschreiben. Mit ontologischen Regelmechanismen lassen sich auch implizite Verknüpfungen erkennen."
-
Urro, R.; Winiwarter, W.: Specifying ontologies : Linguistic aspects in problem-driven knowledge engineering (2001)
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- Abstract
- The WWW includes on various levels systems of signs, not all of which are standardized as necessary for a real Semantic Web and not all of which can be standardized. Linguistic theories can contribute not only to the thus needed translation between sign systems, be they natural language systems or otherwise structured systems of knowledge representation, but also, of course, to standardization efforts. Within the current EC3 research framework for x-commerce, linguistic theories will play their part as they provide modeling analogies and patterns for the construction of a central knowledge base.
- Isbn
- 0-7695-1393-X
-
Cahier, J.-P.; Ma, X.; Zaher, L'H.: Document and item-based modeling : a hybrid method for a socio-semantic web (2010)
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-
Papadakis, I. et al.: Highlighting timely information in libraries through social and semantic Web technologies (2016)
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- Source
- Metadata and semantics research: 10th International Conference, MTSR 2016, Göttingen, Germany, November 22-25, 2016, Proceedings. Eds.: E. Garoufallou
-
Kara, S.: ¬An ontology-based retrieval system using semantic indexing (2012)
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- Type
- x
-
Synak, M.; Dabrowski, M.; Kruk, S.R.: Semantic Web and ontologies (2009)
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- Date
- 31. 7.2010 16:58:22
-
Ning, X.; Jin, H.; Wu, H.: RSS: a framework enabling ranked search on the semantic web (2008)
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-
Faaborg, A.; Lagoze, C.: Semantic browsing (2003)
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- Source
- Research and advanced technology for digital libraries : 7th European Conference, proceedings / ECDL 2003, Trondheim, Norway, August 17-22, 2003
-
Malmsten, M.: Making a library catalogue part of the Semantic Web (2008)
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- Source
- Metadata for semantic and social applications : proceedings of the International Conference on Dublin Core and Metadata Applications, Berlin, 22 - 26 September 2008, DC 2008: Berlin, Germany / ed. by Jane Greenberg and Wolfgang Klas
-
Schneider, R.: Web 3.0 ante portas? : Integration von Social Web und Semantic Web (2008)
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- Date
- 22. 1.2011 10:38:28
-
Blumauer, A.; Pellegrini, T.: Semantic Web Revisited : Eine kurze Einführung in das Social Semantic Web (2009)
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- Pages
- S.3-22
-
Heflin, J.; Hendler, J.: Semantic interoperability on the Web (2000)
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- Date
- 11. 5.2013 19:22:18
-
Gendt, M. van; Isaac, I.; Meij, L. van der; Schlobach, S.: Semantic Web techniques for multiple views on heterogeneous collections : a case study (2006)
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- Source
- Research and advanced technology for digital libraries : 10th European conference, proceedings / ECDL 2006, Alicante, Spain, September 17 - 22, 2006
-
Franklin, R.A.: Re-inventing subject access for the semantic web (2003)
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- Date
- 30.12.2008 18:22:46
-
Hooland, S. van; Verborgh, R.; Wilde, M. De; Hercher, J.; Mannens, E.; Wa, R.Van de: Evaluating the success of vocabulary reconciliation for cultural heritage collections (2013)
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- Date
- 22. 3.2013 19:29:20
-
Prud'hommeaux, E.; Gayo, E.: RDF ventures to boldly meet your most pedestrian needs (2015)
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- Source
- Bulletin of the Association for Information Science and Technology. 41(2015) no.4, S.18-22
-
Heery, R.; Wagner, H.: ¬A metadata registry for the Semantic Web (2002)
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- Source
- D-Lib magazine. 8(2002) no.5, x S
-
Monireh, E.; Sarker, M.K.; Bianchi, F.; Hitzler, P.; Doran, D.; Xie, N.: Reasoning over RDF knowledge bases using deep learning (2018)
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- Date
- 16.11.2018 14:22:01
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Subirats, I.; Prasad, A.R.D.; Keizer, J.; Bagdanov, A.: Implementation of rich metadata formats and demantic tools using DSpace (2008)
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- Source
- Metadata for semantic and social applications : proceedings of the International Conference on Dublin Core and Metadata Applications, Berlin, 22 - 26 September 2008, DC 2008: Berlin, Germany / ed. by Jane Greenberg and Wolfgang Klas
