Search (11 results, page 1 of 1)

  • × theme_ss:"Biographische Darstellungen"
  • × year_i:[2010 TO 2020}
  1. McIlwaine, I.C.: Brian Vickery : 11th September 1918-17 th October 2009 (2010) 0.02 
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    Abstract
    The death of Brian Vickery sees a great era of classification research coming towards an end. Born in Australia, he completed his schooling in England, before going up to Brasenose to read Chemistry just before the outbreak of the Second World War. Brian was never in the services, but after Oxford he worked as a chemist in the Royal Ordnance Factory from 1941-45. After the War he became a librarian at Imperial Chemical Industries (ICI). He was a delegate at the Royal Society Scientific Information Conference held in 1948. One of the offshoots of that conference was the formation of a small committee of scientists under the leadership of Professor J.D. Bernal, to make a study of library classification. After two years of discussions, they elicited the assistance of Jack Wells, then editor of the British National Bibliography, and Brian. They circularized a group of colleagues and convened a meeting in February 1952 which led to the formation of the Classification Research Group. As is well known, this Group, all practising librarians, were to exert a groundbreaking influence on the organization and retrieval of information.
    Date
    22. 7.2010 19:32:06
    Type
    a
  2. Williams, J.G.: In memoriam: Allen Kent (1921-2014) (2014) 0.00 
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    Biographed
    Kent, A.
    Type
    a
  3. Obituary: Dr. Ingetraut Dahlberg (2017) 0.00 
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  4. Cronin, B.: Brian Vickery : an appreciation (2010) 0.00 
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  5. In memoriam : Abraham Bookstein (2013) 0.00 
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  6. Jürgen Krause ┼ (2016) 0.00 
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  7. Broughton, V.: Brian Vickery, September 11, 1918-October 17, 2009 (2011) 0.00 
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    Abstract
    The article reviews the life and work of Brian Campbell Vickery, one of the major figures of British classification and information retrieval, and a scholar of international reputation. His career as librarian, researcher, and academic is described, as is the part he played in the development of information science theory in the twentieth century. Some of his most significant publications are listed, with reference to the scale and breadth of his published work overall.
    Type
    a
  8. Stock, W.G.: Norbert Henrichs (1935-2016) : Pionier der Informationswissenschaft in Deutschland (2016) 0.00 
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  9. Scientometrics pioneer Eugene Garfield dies : Eugene Garfield, founder of the Institute for Scientific Information and The Scientist, has passed away at age 91 (2017) 0.00 
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    Content
    Vgl. auch Open Password, Nr.167 vom 01.03.2017 :"Eugene Garfield, Begründer und Pionier der Zitationsindexierung und der Ziationsanalyse, ohne den die Informationswissenschaft heute anders aussähe, ist im Alter von 91 Jahren gestorben. Er hinterlässt Frau, drei Söhne, eine Tochter, eine Stieftochter, zwei Enkeltöchter und zwei Großelternkinder. Garfield machte seinen ersten Abschluss als Bachelor in Chemie an der Columbia University in New York City im Jahre 1949. 1954 sattelte er einen Abschluss in Bibliothekswissenschaft drauf. 1961 sollte er im Fach strukturelle Linguistik promovieren. Als Chemie-Student war er nach eigenen Angaben weder besonders gut noch besonders glücklich. Sein "Erweckungserlebnis" hatte er auf einer Tagung der American Chemical Society, als er entdeckte, dass sich mit der Suche nach Literatur womöglich ein Lebensunterhalt bestreiten lasse. "So I went to the Chairman of the meeting and said: "How do you get a job in this racket?" Ab 1955 war Garfield zunächst als Berater für pharmazeutische Unternehmen tätig. Dort spezialisierte er sich auf Fachinformationen, indem er Inhalte relevanter Fachzeitschriften erarbeitete. 1955 schlug er in "Science" seine bahnbrechende Idee vor, Zitationen wissenschaftlicher Veröffentlichungen systematisch zu erfassen und Zusammenhänge zwischen Zitaten deutlich zu machen. 1960 gründete Garfield das Institute für Scientific Informationen, dessen CEO er bis 1992 blieb. 1964 brachte er den Scientific Information Index heraus. Weitere Maßgrößen wie der Social Science Index (ab 1973), der Arts and Humanities Citation Index (ab 1978) und der Journal Citation Index folgten. Diese Verzeichnisse wurden in dem "Web of Science" zusammengefasst und als Datenbank elektronisch zugänglich gemacht. Damit wurde es den Forschern ermöglich, die für sie relevante Literatur "at their fingertips" zu finden und sich in ihr zurechtzufinden. Darüber hinaus wurde es mit Hilfe der Rankings von Garfields Messgrößen möglich, die relative wissenschaftliche Bedeutung wissenschaftlicher Beiträge, Autoren, wissenschaftlicher Einrichtungen, Regionen und Länder zu messen.
    Garfield wandte sich im Zusammenhang mit seinen Messgrößen gegen "Bibliographic Negligence" und "Citation Amnesia", Er schrieb 2002: "There will never be a perfect solution to the problem of acknowledging intellectual debts. But a beginning can be made if journal editors will demand a signed pledge from authors that they have searched Medline, Science Citation Index, or other appropriate print and electronic databases." Er warnte aber auch vor einen unsachgemäßen Umgang mit seinen Messgößen und vor übertriebenen Erwartungen an sie in Zusammenhang mit Karriereentscheidungen über Wissenschaftler und Überlebensentscheidungen für wissenschaftliche Einrichtungen. 1982 übernahm die Thomson Corporation ISI für 210 Millionen Dollar. In der heutigen Nachfolgeorganisation Clarivate Analytics sind mehr als 4000 Mitarbeitern in über hundert Ländern beschäftigt. Garfield gründete auch eine Zeitung für Wissenschaftler, speziell für Biowissenschaftler, "The Scientist", die weiterbesteht und als kostenfreier Pushdienst bezogen werden kann. In seinen Beiträgen zur Wissenschaftspolitik kritisierte er beispielsweise die Wissenschaftsberater von Präsident Reagen 1986 als "Advocats of the administration´s science policies, rather than as objective conduits for communication between the president and the science community." Seinen Beitrag, mit dem er darum warb, die Förderung von UNESCO-Forschungsprogrammen fortzusetzen, gab er den Titel: "Let´s stand up für Global Science". Das ist auch in Trump-Zeiten ein guter Titel, da die US-Regierung den Wahrheitsbegriff, auf der Wissenschaft basiert, als bedeutungslos verwirft und sich auf Nationalismus und Abschottung statt auf internationale Kommunikation, Kooperation und gemeinsame Ausschöpfung von Interessen fokussiert."
  10. Mathematical lives : protagonists of the twentieth century from Hilbert to Wiles (2011) 0.00 
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    Abstract
    Steps forward in mathematics often reverberate in other scientific disciplines, and give rise to innovative conceptual developments or find surprising technological applications. This volume brings to the forefront some of the proponents of the mathematics of the twentieth century, who have put at our disposal new and powerful instruments for investigating the reality around us. The portraits present people who have impressive charisma and wide-ranging cultural interests, who are passionate about defending the importance of their own research, are sensitive to beauty, and attentive to the social and political problems of their times. What we have sought to document is mathematics' central position in the culture of our day. Space has been made not only for the great mathematicians but also for literary texts, including contributions by two apparent interlopers, Robert Musil and Raymond Queneau, for whom mathematical concepts represented a valuable tool for resolving the struggle between 'soul and precision.' Zeitliche Fortsetzung zu: Bell, E.T.: Men of mathematics. New York: Simon and Schuster, 1937.
    Content
    Hilbert's problems -- The way we were. Guido Castelnuovo; Federigo Enriques; Francesco Severi -- Verlaine and Poincaré -- Bertrand Russell -- Godfrey H. Hardy -- Emmy Noether -- Carciopholus Romanus -- Paul Adrien Maurice Dirac -- The theoretical intelligence and the practical vision of John von Neumann -- Kurt Gödel -- Hommage À Gödel -- Robert Musil -- The life, death and miracles of Alan Mathison Turing -- Renato Caccioppoli -- Bruno de Finetti -- A committed mathematician -- Andrey Nikolaevich Kolmogorov -- Bourbaki -- Writing and mathematics in the work of Raymond Queneau -- John F. Nash, Jr. -- Ennio De Giorgi -- Laurent Schwartz -- René Thom -- J.L. Borges, the dream (El sueño) -- Alexander Grothendieck: enthusiasm and creativity -- Gian-Carlo Rota -- Michael F. Atiyah -- Vladimir Igorevich Arnold -- Enrico Bombieri -- Martin Gardner -- Le Corbusier's door of miracles -- F. William Lawvere -- Andrew Wiles -- Mathematical prizes. The Fields medal -- The Abel prize.
  11. Copeland, B.J.: Turing: pioneer of the information age (2012) 0.00 
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    Biographed
    Turing, A.

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