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Abstract

DAS STANDARDWERK in der Philosophie des Geistes seit 10 Jahren - jetzt in 5. Auflage mit einer um mehr als 60 Seiten erweiterten Bibliographie, die Publikationen zur Philosophie des Geistes und angrenzender Disziplinen von 1970-2004 erfaßt (über 2700 Titel). Kann man sich vorstellen, dass so etwas wie bewusstes Erleben auf der Grundlage physikalischer Vorgänge entstehen konnte? Sind subjektives Empfinden und das Entstehen einer Innenperspektive überhaupt als Bestandteil der natürlichen Ordnung der Dinge denkbar - oder werden wir an dieser Stelle mit einem letztlich unauflöslichen Mysterium konfrontiert, mit einem weissen Fleck auf der Landkarte des wissenschaftlichen Weltbildes, der vielleicht aus prinzipiellen Gründen immer ein weisser Fleck bleiben muss? Das Problem des Bewusstseins bildet heute - vielleicht zusammen mit der Frage nach der Entstehung unseres Universums - die äusserste Grenze des menschlichen Strebens nach Erkenntnis. Es erscheint deshalb vielen als das letzte grosse Rätsel überhaupt und als die grösste theoretische Herausforderung der Gegenwart. Mit Beiträgen von: Ansgar Beckermann, Peter Bieri, Dieter Birnbacher, Ned Block, Tyler Burge, David J. Chalmers, Patricia S. Churchland, Daniel C. Dennett, Owen Flanagan, Rick Grush, Güven Güzeldere, Robert Kirk, Martin Kurthen, Joseph Levine, William G. Lycan, Colin McGinn, Thomas Metzinger, Norton Nelkin, Martine Nida-Rümelin, David Papineau, Diana Raffman, Georges Rey, David M. Rosenthal, Eva Ruhnau, Michael Tye, Robert Van Gulick, Kathy Wilkes. Siehe auch: "Conscious Experience", gekürzte englischsprachige Version des Buches "Bewußtsein".

Classification

Phi C 91 / Bewußtsein

SBB

Phi C 91 / Bewußtsein

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Abstract

Von der Liaison zwischen Ich und Gehirn Zwei herausragende Gelehrte des Jahrhunderts - der Philosoph Karl R. Popper und der Hirnforscher und Nobelpreisträger John C. Eccles - haben sich in diesem einmaligen Dokument kreativer Zusammenarbeit mit dem Leib-Seele-Problem beschäftigt. Sie sind damit einer zentralen Frage des menschlichen Daseins auf den Grund gegangen.

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Abstract

What is consciousness? How do physical processes in the brain give rise to the self-aware mind and to feelings as profoundly varied as love or hate, aesthetic pleasure or spiritual yearning? These questions today are among the most hotly debated issues among scientists and philosophers, and we have seen in recent years superb volumes by such eminent figures as Francis Crick, Daniel C. Dennett, Gerald Edelman, and Roger Penrose, all firing volleys in what has come to be called the consciousness wars. Now, in The Conscious Mind, philosopher David J. Chalmers offers a cogent analysis of this heated debate as he unveils a major new theory of consciousness, one that rejects the prevailing reductionist trend of science, while offering provocative insights into the relationship between mind and brain. Writing in a rigorous, thought-provoking style, the author takes us on a far-reaching tour through the philosophical ramifications of consciousness. Chalmers convincingly reveals how contemporary cognitive science and neurobiology have failed to explain how and why mental events emerge from physiological occurrences in the brain. He proposes instead that conscious experience must be understood in an entirely new light--as an irreducible entity (similar to such physical properties as time, mass, and space) that exists at a fundamental level and cannot be understood as the sum of its parts. And after suggesting some intriguing possibilities about the structure and laws of conscious experience, he details how his unique reinterpretation of the mind could be the focus of a new science. Throughout the book, Chalmers provides fascinating thought experiments that trenchantly illustrate his ideas. For example, in exploring the notion that consciousness could be experienced by machines as well as humans, Chalmers asks us to imagine a thinking brain in which neurons are slowly replaced by silicon chips that precisely duplicate their functions--as the neurons are replaced, will consciousness gradually fade away? The book also features thoughtful discussions of how the author's theories might be practically applied to subjects as diverse as artificial intelligence and the interpretation of quantum mechanics.