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Aghemo, A.: Etica professionale e servizio di informazione (1993)
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- Date
- 6. 4.1996 13:22:31
- Language
- i
-
Dane, F.C.: ¬The importance of the sources of professional obligations (2014)
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- Abstract
- The study of philosophy provides many general benefits to members of any field or discipline, the easiest of which to defend are an appreciation of, and experience with, critical thinking, including the ability to apply principles thoughtfully and logically in a variety of contexts; it is the discipline that, according to Plato, Socrates believed made life worth living. Today, however, most disciplines can lay claim to critical thinking - information science certainly involves a great deal of logical analysis - but only philosophy, in the Western world, can lay claim to having developed logic and critical thinking and thereby may have furthered the process more than any other discipline. Historically, philosophy is also the discipline in which one learns how to think about the most complex and important questions including questions about what is right and proper; that is, philosophy arguably lays claim to the development of ethics. Before going further, I should note that I am neither a philosopher nor an information scientist. I am a social psychologist and statistician whose interests have brought me into the realm of practical ethics primarily through ethical issues relevant to empirical research. I should also note that I am firmly in the camp of those who consider there to be an important distinction between morals and ethics; as do others, I argue that moral judgements essentially involve questions about whether or not rules, defined broadly, are followed, whereas ethical judgements essentially involve questions about whether or not a particular rule is worthwhile and, when there are incompatible rules, which rule should be granted higher priority.
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Martin, K.: Predatory predictions and the ethics of predictive analytics (2023)
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- Abstract
- In this paper, I critically examine ethical issues introduced by predictive analytics. I argue firms can have a market incentive to construct deceptively inflated true-positive outcomes: individuals are over-categorized as requiring a penalizing treatment and the treatment leads to mistakenly thinking this label was correct. I show that differences in power between firms developing and using predictive analytics compared to subjects can lead to firms reaping the benefits of predatory predictions while subjects can bear the brunt of the costs. While profitable, the use of predatory predictions can deceive stakeholders by inflating the measurement of accuracy, diminish the individuality of subjects, and exert arbitrary power. I then argue that firms have a responsibility to distinguish between the treatment effect and predictive power of the predictive analytics program, better internalize the costs of categorizing someone as needing a penalizing treatment, and justify the predictions of subjects and general use of predictive analytics. Subjecting individuals to predatory predictions only for a firms' efficiency and benefit is unethical and an arbitrary exertion of power. Firms developing and deploying a predictive analytics program can benefit from constructing predatory predictions while the cost is borne by the less powerful subjects of the program.
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Miller, S.: Privacy, data bases and computers (1998)
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- Date
- 22. 2.1999 15:57:43
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Seadle, M.: Copyright in a networked world : ethics and infringement (2004)
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- Source
- Library hi tech. 22(2004) no.1, S.106-110
-
Hammwöhner, R.: Anmerkungen zur Grundlegung der Informationsethik (2006)
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- Date
- 13.10.2006 10:22:03
-
O'Neil, R.M.: Free speech in cyberspace (1998)
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- Date
- 22. 2.1999 15:50:50
-
Helbing, D.: ¬Das große Scheitern (2019)
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- Date
- 25.12.2019 14:19:22
-
Lengauer, E.: Analytische Rechtsethik im Kontext säkularer Begründungsdiskurse zur Würde biologischer Entitäten (2008)
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- Date
- 17. 3.2008 15:17:22
-
Frohmann, B.: Subjectivity and information ethics (2008)
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- Abstract
- In A Brief History of Information Ethics, Thomas Froehlich (2004) quickly surveyed under several broad categories some of the many issues that constitute information ethics: under the category of librarianship - censorship, privacy, access, balance in collections, copyright, fair use, and codes of ethics; under information science, which Froehlich sees as closely related to librarianship - confidentiality, bias, and quality of information; under computer ethics - intellectual property, privacy, fair representation, nonmaleficence, computer crime, software reliability, artificial intelligence, and e-commerce; under cyberethics (issues related to the Internet, or cyberspace) - expert systems, artificial intelligence (again), and robotics; under media ethics - news, impartiality, journalistic ethics, deceit, lies, sexuality, censorship (again), and violence in the press; and under intercultural information ethics - digital divide, and the ethical role of the Internet for social, political, cultural, and economic development. Many of the debates in information ethics, on these and other issues, have to do with specific kinds of relationships between subjects. The most important subject and a familiar figure in information ethics is the ethical subject engaged in moral deliberation, whether appearing as the bearer of moral rights and obligations to other subjects, or as an agent whose actions are judged, whether by others or by oneself, according to the standards of various moral codes and ethical principles. Many debates in information ethics revolve around conflicts between those acting according to principles of unfettered access to information and those finding some information offensive or harmful. Subjectivity is at the heart of information ethics. But how is subjectivity understood? Can it be understood in ways that broaden ethical reflection to include problems that remain invisible when subjectivity is taken for granted and when how it is created remains unquestioned? This article proposes some answers by investigating the meaning and role of subjectivity in information ethics.[In an article on cyberethics (2000), I asserted that there was no information ethics in any special sense beyond the application of general ethical principles to information services. Here, I take a more expansive view.]
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Reed, G.M.; Sanders, J.W.: ¬The principle of distribution (2008)
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- Date
- 1. 6.2008 12:22:41
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Homan, P.A.: Library catalog notes for "bad books" : ethics vs. responsibilities (2012)
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- Date
- 27. 9.2012 14:22:00
-
Van der Walt, M.S.: Ethics in indexing and clssification (2006)
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- Abstract
- To start off I would like to briefly address the relationship between indexing and classification, which are very technical activities performed by information professionals, and the concept of social responsibility (the focus of this conference), which refer to the human side of the profession. Although indexing and classification involve many technicalities, the basic objective of these activities is to provide access to informationbearing objects, thereby contributing to the social process of information transfer. Information transfer takes place between authors (creators of information- bearing objects) and information users. The authors have something to communicate, and the users have information needs that must be satisfied by the information professional acting as intermediary. In the process of facilitating this information transfer the indexer and classifier therefore has a responsibility towards both authors and information users. Authors can expect the information professional to represent their creations as accurately and exhaustively as possible in retrieval systems, within the constraints of time and cost. Users can expect the information professional to index and classify in such a way as to ensure that information that can satisfy their information needs will be retrievable within the shortest time and with the least effort possible. One can also see the social responsibility of indexers and classifiers in a broader context. They do not only have a responsibility towards specific authors and users, but also towards communities as a whole, e.g. the scientific community, the business community, or society at large. In the case of the scientific community effective transfer of information about advances in research can be seen as essential for the progress of science. Providing effective and suitable information retrieval systems to make this transfer possible can therefore be seen as a responsibility of information professionals. In a business enterprise the effective organization of business records and other business information sources can make a significant contribution to the smooth operation of the enterprise, may be essential for legal purposes, and can enable management to use the information for decision-making at all levels. The information manager therefore has a responsibility towards the enterprise to properly organize and index all these resources.
-
"Code of Ethics" verabschiedet (2007)
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- Abstract
- Im Rahmen des 3. Leipziger Kongresses für Information und Bibliothek 19.-22. März 2007 hat Bibliothek & Information Deutschland (BID) die im folgenden wiedergegebenen "Ethischen Grundsätze der Bibliotheks- und Informationsberufe" verabschiedet und der Presse und Fachöffentlichkeit vorgestellt. Damit folgt Deutschland den rund 40 Ländern weltweit, die bereits einen "Code of Ethics" veröffentlicht haben. Diese ethischen Richtlinien sind auf der IFLA/FAIFE-Website gesammelt unter www.ifla.org/faife/ethics/codes.htm.
-
"Code of Ethics" verabschiedet (2007)
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- Abstract
- Im Rahmen des 3. Leipziger Kongresses für Information und Bibliothek 19.-22. März 2007 hat Bibliothek & Information Deutschland (BID) die im folgenden wiedergegebenen "Ethischen Grundsätze der Bibliotheks- und Informationsberufe" verabschiedet und der Presse und Fachöffentlichkeit vorgestellt. Damit folgt Deutschland den rund 40 Ländern weltweit, die bereits einen "Code of Ethics" veröffentlicht haben. Diese ethischen Richtlinien sind auf der IFLA/FAIFE-Website gesammelt unter www.ifla.org/faife/ethics/codes.htm.
