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Content

"As a theoretical physicist based in Cambridge, I have lived my life in an extraordinarily privileged bubble. Cambridge is an unusual town, centered around one of the world's great universities. Within that town, the scientific community which I became part of in my twenties is even more rarefied. And within that scientific community, the small group of international theoretical physicists with whom I have spent my working life might sometimes be tempted to regard themselves as the pinnacle. Add to this, the celebrity that has come with my books, and the isolation imposed by my illness, I feel as though my ivory tower is getting taller. So the recent apparent rejection of the elite in both America and Britain is surely aimed at me, as much as anyone. Whatever we might think about the decision by the British electorate to reject membership of the European Union, and by the American public to embrace Donald Trump as their next President, there is no doubt in the minds of commentators that this was a cry of anger by people who felt that they had been abandoned by their leaders. It was, everyone seems to agree, the moment that the forgotten spoke, finding their voice to reject the advice and guidance of experts and the elite everywhere.
I am no exception to this rule. I warned before the Brexit vote that it would damage scientific research in Britain, that a vote to leave would be a step backward, and the electorate, or at least a sufficiently significant proportion of it, took no more notice of me than any of the other political leaders, trade unionists, artists, scientists, businessmen and celebrities who all gave the same unheeded advice to the rest of the country. What matters now however, far more than the choices made by these two electorates, is how the elites react. Should we, in turn, reject these votes as outpourings of crude populism that fail to take account of the facts, and attempt to circumvent or circumscribe the choices that they represent? I would argue that this would be a terrible mistake. The concerns underlying these votes about the economic consequences of globalisation and accelerating technological change are absolutely understandable. The automation of factories has already decimated jobs in traditional manufacturing, the rise of AI is likely to extend this job destruction deep into the middle classes, with only the most caring, creative or supervisory roles remaining.
This in turn will accelerate the already widening economic inequality around the world. The internet and the platforms which it makes possible allow very small groups of individuals to make enormous profits while employing very few people. This is inevitable, it is progress, but it is also socially destructive. We need to put this alongside the financial crash, which brought home to people that a very few individuals working in the financial sector can accrue huge rewards and that the rest of us underwrite that success and pick up the bill when their greed leads us astray. So taken together we are living in a world of widening, not diminishing, financial inequality, in which many people can see not just their standard of living, but their ability to earn a living at all, disappearing. It is no wonder then that they are searching for a new deal, which Trump and Brexit might have appeared to represent. It is also the case that another unintended consequence of the global spread of the internet and social media is that the stark nature of these inequalities are far more apparent than they have been in the past. For me, the ability to use technology to communicate has been a liberating and positive experience. Without it, I would not have been able to continue working these many years past. But it also means that the lives of the richest people in the most prosperous parts of the world are agonisingly visible to anyone, however poor and who has access to a phone. And since there are now more people with a telephone than access to clean water in Sub-Saharan Africa, this will shortly mean nearly everyone on our increasingly crowded planet will not be able to escape the inequality.
The consequences of this are plain to see; the rural poor flock to cities, to shanty towns, driven by hope. And then often, finding that the Instagram nirvana is not available there, they seek it overseas, joining the ever greater numbers of economic migrants in search of a better life. These migrants in turn place new demands on the infrastructures and economies of the countries in which they arrive, undermining tolerance and further fuelling political populism. For me, the really concerning aspect of this, is that now, more than at any time in our history, our species needs to work together. We face awesome environmental challenges. Climate change, food production, overpopulation, the decimation of other species, epidemic disease, acidification of the oceans. Together, they are a reminder that we are at the most dangerous moment in the development of humanity. We now have the technology to destroy the planet on which we live, but have not yet developed the ability to escape it. Perhaps in a few hundred years, we will have established human colonies amidst the stars, but right now we only have one planet, and we need to work together to protect it. To do that, we need to break down not build up barriers within and between nations. If we are to stand a chance of doing that, the world's leaders need to acknowledge that they have failed and are failing the many. With resources increasingly concentrated in the hands of a few, we are going to have to learn to share far more than at present. With not only jobs but entire industries disappearing, we must help people to re-train for a new world and support them financially while they do so. If communities and economies cannot cope with current levels of migration, we must do more to encourage global development, as that is the only way that the migratory millions will be persuaded to seek their future at home. We can do this, I am an enormous optimist for my species, but it will require the elites, from London to Harvard, from Cambridge to Hollywood, to learn the lessons of the past month. To learn above all a measure of humility."

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Date

22. 1.2018 17:33:05

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Date

22. 6.2018 13:47:33

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Content

Kommentare: "Keine leichte Lektüre, doch wer auf den Horizont blickt, kann diesen auch erweitern." (Thorsten Schäfer-Gümbel, vorwärts.de, Lesetipp von SPD Spitzenpolitikern, 15. August 2017) "Das beste Buch dieses Frühjahrs." (Thorsten Giersch, Carina Kontio, Handelsblatt online, 29. Juni 2017) "Ein Sachbuch, so anregend, dass man dazu tanzen möchte!" (Denis Scheck, ARD Druckfrisch, 2. Juli 2017) "A thoughtful look of what may be in store for humanity (...). It is a deeply engaging book with lots of stimulating ideas (...). It makes you think about the future, which is another way of saying it makes you think about the present." (Bill Gates, via Facebook, 4. Juni 2017) "Yuval Noah Harari's insights are compelling." (Paul Collier, TLS, 25. November 2016 ) "Challenging, readable and thought-provoking." (Bill Gates, Gates Notes, Bill Gates' Sommer-Buchtipps, 22. Mai 2017) "Man sollte alle Geschichtslehrer von Harari coachen lassen." (Christian Jostmann, Die Furche, 20. April 2017) "Vielleicht brauchen wir ja düstere Szenarien, wie Hararis Buch 'Homo Deus', um den Mut für neue Utopien zu finden." (Sven Waskönig, ARD ttt, 30. April 2017)
"In einer verblüffenden Tour d'Horizon durch die Menschheitsgeschichte beschreibt Harari, wie der Mensch in einem Akt wachsender Selbstermächtigung zum Homo Deus avanciert." (Adrian Lobe, Zeit Online, 10. April 2017) "(Harari) hat ein anmaßendes Buch geschrieben. Und ein aufregendes." (Erik Raidt, Stuttgarter Nachrichten Online, 31. März 2017) "Intelligent, scharfsinnig und manchmal sogar überraschend witzig (...) eröffnet einen ganz anderen Blick auf Geschichte." (Klaus Bittermann, taz literataz, 22. März 2017) "Überraschend, informativ, abwechslungsreich und leicht zu lesen." (Hildegard Lorenz, Münchner Merkur, 21. März 2017) "Sehen, wie die Welt ist, ohne auf die Bremse zu treten. Das ist der Sound von Yuval Noah Hararis 'Homo Deus'." (Adolf Holl, Die Presse, 18. März 2017) "Hararis packendes Buch ist ein Bekenntnis zum Humanismus." (Thomas Vasek, P.M., 10. März 2017) "Überaus anregende und fesselnde Lektüre." (Wolfgang Schneider, SWR2, 19. Februar 2017) "Fulminant, klug und düster." (Deutschlandradio Kultur, März 2017)

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Date

22. 1.2018 11:33:49