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MacFarlane, A.; Robertson, S.E.; McCann, J.A.: Parallel computing for passage retrieval (2004)
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- 20. 1.2007 18:30:22
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Robertson, S.E.; Walker, S.; Beaulieu, M.: Experimentation as a way of life : Okapi at TREC (2000)
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Robertson, S.E.; Walker, S.; Beaulieu, M.M.; Gatford, M.; Payne, A.: Okapi at TREC-4 (1996)
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Beaulieu, M.M.; Gatford, M.; Huang, X.; Robertson, S.E.; Walker, S.; Williams, P.: Okapi an TREC-5 (1997)
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Robertson, S.E.; Beaulieu, M.: Research and evaluation in information retrieval (1997)
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- Abstract
- Offered as a discussion document drawing on the experiences of the Okapi team in developing information retrieval systems. Raises some of the issues currently exercising the information retrieval community in the context of experimentation and evaluation
- Footnote
- Contribution to a thematic issue on Okapi and information retrieval research
- Type
- a
-
Robertson, S.E.; Walker, S.; Beaulieu, M.: Laboratory experiments with Okapi : participation in the TREC programme (1997)
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- Abstract
- Briefly reviews the history of laboratory testing of information retrieval systems, focusing on the idea of a general purpose test collection of documents, queries and relevance judgements. Gives an overview of the methods used in TREC (Text Retrieval Conference) which is concerned with an ideal test collection, and discusses the Okapi team's participation in TREC. Also discusses some of the issues surrounding the difficult problem of interactive evaluation in TREC. The reconciliation of the requirements of the laboratory context with the concerns of interactive retrieval has a long way to go
- Footnote
- Contribution to a thematic issue on Okapi and information retrieval research
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- a
-
Vechtomova, O.; Karamuftuoglum, M.; Robertson, S.E.: On document relevance and lexical cohesion between query terms (2006)
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- Abstract
- Lexical cohesion is a property of text, achieved through lexical-semantic relations between words in text. Most information retrieval systems make use of lexical relations in text only to a limited extent. In this paper we empirically investigate whether the degree of lexical cohesion between the contexts of query terms' occurrences in a document is related to its relevance to the query. Lexical cohesion between distinct query terms in a document is estimated on the basis of the lexical-semantic relations (repetition, synonymy, hyponymy and sibling) that exist between there collocates - words that co-occur with them in the same windows of text. Experiments suggest significant differences between the lexical cohesion in relevant and non-relevant document sets exist. A document ranking method based on lexical cohesion shows some performance improvements.
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-
Robertson, S.E.; Sparck Jones, K.: Simple, proven approaches to text retrieval (1997)
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- Abstract
- This technical note describes straightforward techniques for document indexing and retrieval that have been solidly established through extensive testing and are easy to apply. They are useful for many different types of text material, are viable for very large files, and have the advantage that they do not require special skills or training for searching, but are easy for end users. The document and text retrieval methods described here have a sound theoretical basis, are well established by extensive testing, and the ideas involved are now implemented in some commercial retrieval systems. Testing in the last few years has, in particular, shown that the methods presented here work very well with full texts, not only title and abstracts, and with large files of texts containing three quarters of a million documents. These tests, the TREC Tests (see Harman 1993 - 1997; IP&M 1995), have been rigorous comparative evaluations involving many different approaches to information retrieval. These techniques depend an the use of simple terms for indexing both request and document texts; an term weighting exploiting statistical information about term occurrences; an scoring for request-document matching, using these weights, to obtain a ranked search output; and an relevance feedback to modify request weights or term sets in iterative searching. The normal implementation is via an inverted file organisation using a term list with linked document identifiers, plus counting data, and pointers to the actual texts. The user's request can be a word list, phrases, sentences or extended text.
-
Hancock-Beaulieu, M.; Robertson, S.E.; Neilson, C.: Evaluation of online catalogues : an assessment of methods (1990)
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Robertson, S.E.: Indexing theory and retrieval effectiveness (1979)
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Bovey, J.D.; Robertson, S.E.: ¬An algorithm for weighted searching on a Boolean system (1984)
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Robertson, S.E.: On term selection for query expansion (1990)
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- Abstract
- In the framework of a relevance feedback system, term values or term weights may be used to (a) select new terms for inclusion in a query, and/or (b) weight the terms for retrieval purposes once selected. It has sometimes been assumed that the same weighting formula should be used for both purposes. This paper sketches a quantitative argument which suggests that the two purposes require different weighting formulae
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Robertson, S.E.: Query-document symmetry and dual models (1994)
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- Abstract
- The idea that there is some natural symmetry between queries and documents is explained. If symmetry can be assumed, then it lead to a conception of 'dual' models in information retrieval (given a model, we can construct a dual model in which the roles of documents and queries are reversed). But symmetry breaks down in various ways, which may invalidate this construction. If we can construct a dual, it is not obvious that it can be combined with the original
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Robertson, S.E.: ¬The parametric description of retrieval tests : Part I: The basic parameters (1969)
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- Abstract
- Some parameters and techniques in use for describing the results of test on IR system are analysed. Several considerations outside the scope of the usual 2X2 table are relevant to the choice of parameters. In particular, a variable which produces a 'performance curve' of a system corresponds to an extension of the 2x2 table. Also, the statistical relationships between parameters are all-important. It is considered that precision is not such a useful measure of performance (in conjunction with recall)as fallout. A more powerful alternative to Cleverdon's 'invitable inverse relationship between recall and precision'is proposed and justified, namely that the recall-fallout graph is convex.
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Sparck Jones, K.; Walker, S.; Robertson, S.E.: ¬A probabilistic model of information retrieval : development and comparative experiments - part 1 (2000)
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Sparck Jones, K.; Walker, S.; Robertson, S.E.: ¬A probabilistic model of information retrieval : development and comparative experiments - part 2 (2000)
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Robertson, S.E.; Belkin, N.J.: Ranking in principle (1978)
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Robertson, S.E.; Hancock-Beaulieu, M.M.: On the evaluation of IR systems (1992)
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Robertson, S.E.: ¬The probabilistic character of relevance (1977)
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Robertson, S.E.; Sparck Jones, K.: Relevance weighting of search terms (1976)
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- Abstract
- Examines statistical techniques for exploiting relevance information to weight search terms. These techniques are presented as a natural extension of weighting methods using information about the distribution of index terms in documents in general. A series of relevance weighting functions is derived and is justified by theoretical considerations. In particular, it is shown that specific weighted search methods are implied by a general probabilistic theory of retrieval. Different applications of relevance weighting are illustrated by experimental results for test collections
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