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  1. Information visualization in data mining and knowledge discovery (2002) 0.02
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    Date
    23. 3.2008 19:10:22
    Footnote
    Rez. in: JASIST 54(2003) no.9, S.905-906 (C.A. Badurek): "Visual approaches for knowledge discovery in very large databases are a prime research need for information scientists focused an extracting meaningful information from the ever growing stores of data from a variety of domains, including business, the geosciences, and satellite and medical imagery. This work presents a summary of research efforts in the fields of data mining, knowledge discovery, and data visualization with the goal of aiding the integration of research approaches and techniques from these major fields. The editors, leading computer scientists from academia and industry, present a collection of 32 papers from contributors who are incorporating visualization and data mining techniques through academic research as well application development in industry and government agencies. Information Visualization focuses upon techniques to enhance the natural abilities of humans to visually understand data, in particular, large-scale data sets. It is primarily concerned with developing interactive graphical representations to enable users to more intuitively make sense of multidimensional data as part of the data exploration process. It includes research from computer science, psychology, human-computer interaction, statistics, and information science. Knowledge Discovery in Databases (KDD) most often refers to the process of mining databases for previously unknown patterns and trends in data. Data mining refers to the particular computational methods or algorithms used in this process. The data mining research field is most related to computational advances in database theory, artificial intelligence and machine learning. This work compiles research summaries from these main research areas in order to provide "a reference work containing the collection of thoughts and ideas of noted researchers from the fields of data mining and data visualization" (p. 8). It addresses these areas in three main sections: the first an data visualization, the second an KDD and model visualization, and the last an using visualization in the knowledge discovery process. The seven chapters of Part One focus upon methodologies and successful techniques from the field of Data Visualization. Hoffman and Grinstein (Chapter 2) give a particularly good overview of the field of data visualization and its potential application to data mining. An introduction to the terminology of data visualization, relation to perceptual and cognitive science, and discussion of the major visualization display techniques are presented. Discussion and illustration explain the usefulness and proper context of such data visualization techniques as scatter plots, 2D and 3D isosurfaces, glyphs, parallel coordinates, and radial coordinate visualizations. Remaining chapters present the need for standardization of visualization methods, discussion of user requirements in the development of tools, and examples of using information visualization in addressing research problems.
    In 13 chapters, Part Two provides an introduction to KDD, an overview of data mining techniques, and examples of the usefulness of data model visualizations. The importance of visualization throughout the KDD process is stressed in many of the chapters. In particular, the need for measures of visualization effectiveness, benchmarking for identifying best practices, and the use of standardized sample data sets is convincingly presented. Many of the important data mining approaches are discussed in this complementary context. Cluster and outlier detection, classification techniques, and rule discovery algorithms are presented as the basic techniques common to the KDD process. The potential effectiveness of using visualization in the data modeling process are illustrated in chapters focused an using visualization for helping users understand the KDD process, ask questions and form hypotheses about their data, and evaluate the accuracy and veracity of their results. The 11 chapters of Part Three provide an overview of the KDD process and successful approaches to integrating KDD, data mining, and visualization in complementary domains. Rhodes (Chapter 21) begins this section with an excellent overview of the relation between the KDD process and data mining techniques. He states that the "primary goals of data mining are to describe the existing data and to predict the behavior or characteristics of future data of the same type" (p. 281). These goals are met by data mining tasks such as classification, regression, clustering, summarization, dependency modeling, and change or deviation detection. Subsequent chapters demonstrate how visualization can aid users in the interactive process of knowledge discovery by graphically representing the results from these iterative tasks. Finally, examples of the usefulness of integrating visualization and data mining tools in the domain of business, imagery and text mining, and massive data sets are provided. This text concludes with a thorough and useful 17-page index and lengthy yet integrating 17-page summary of the academic and industrial backgrounds of the contributing authors. A 16-page set of color inserts provide a better representation of the visualizations discussed, and a URL provided suggests that readers may view all the book's figures in color on-line, although as of this submission date it only provides access to a summary of the book and its contents. The overall contribution of this work is its focus an bridging two distinct areas of research, making it a valuable addition to the Morgan Kaufmann Series in Database Management Systems. The editors of this text have met their main goal of providing the first textbook integrating knowledge discovery, data mining, and visualization. Although it contributes greatly to our under- standing of the development and current state of the field, a major weakness of this text is that there is no concluding chapter to discuss the contributions of the sum of these contributed papers or give direction to possible future areas of research. "Integration of expertise between two different disciplines is a difficult process of communication and reeducation. Integrating data mining and visualization is particularly complex because each of these fields in itself must draw an a wide range of research experience" (p. 300). Although this work contributes to the crossdisciplinary communication needed to advance visualization in KDD, a more formal call for an interdisciplinary research agenda in a concluding chapter would have provided a more satisfying conclusion to a very good introductory text.
  2. Dadam, P.: Verteilte Datenbanken und Client/Server-Systeme : Grundlagen, Konzepte und Realisierungsformen (1996) 0.01
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  3. Towards the Semantic Web : ontology-driven knowledge management (2004) 0.00
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    Content
    Inhalt: OIL and DAML + OIL: Ontology Languages for the Semantic Web (pages 11-31) / Dieter Fensel, Frank van Harmelen and Ian Horrocks A Methodology for Ontology-Based Knowledge Management (pages 33-46) / York Sure and Rudi Studer Ontology Management: Storing, Aligning and Maintaining Ontologies (pages 47-69) / Michel Klein, Ying Ding, Dieter Fensel and Borys Omelayenko Sesame: A Generic Architecture for Storing and Querying RDF and RDF Schema (pages 71-89) / Jeen Broekstra, Arjohn Kampman and Frank van Harmelen Generating Ontologies for the Semantic Web: OntoBuilder (pages 91-115) / R. H. P. Engels and T. Ch. Lech OntoEdit: Collaborative Engineering of Ontologies (pages 117-132) / York Sure, Michael Erdmann and Rudi Studer QuizRDF: Search Technology for the Semantic Web (pages 133-144) / John Davies, Richard Weeks and Uwe Krohn Spectacle (pages 145-159) / Christiaan Fluit, Herko ter Horst, Jos van der Meer, Marta Sabou and Peter Mika OntoShare: Evolving Ontologies in a Knowledge Sharing System (pages 161-177) / John Davies, Alistair Duke and Audrius Stonkus Ontology Middleware and Reasoning (pages 179-196) / Atanas Kiryakov, Kiril Simov and Damyan Ognyanov Ontology-Based Knowledge Management at Work: The Swiss Life Case Studies (pages 197-218) / Ulrich Reimer, Peter Brockhausen, Thorsten Lau and Jacqueline R. Reich Field Experimenting with Semantic Web Tools in a Virtual Organization (pages 219-244) / Victor Iosif, Peter Mika, Rikard Larsson and Hans Akkermans A Future Perspective: Exploiting Peer-To-Peer and the Semantic Web for Knowledge Management (pages 245-264) / Dieter Fensel, Steffen Staab, Rudi Studer, Frank van Harmelen and John Davies Conclusions: Ontology-driven Knowledge Management - Towards the Semantic Web? (pages 265-266) / John Davies, Dieter Fensel and Frank van Harmelen

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