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Fischer, D.H.: ¬Ein Lehrbeispiel für eine Ontologie : OpenCyc (2004) 0.04
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Content

Das Projekt Cyc ist im Jahre 1984 angetreten mit der Zielsetzung, im großen Maßstab Alltags- und enzyklopädisches Wissen in einem einheitlichen System zu formalisieren im Gegensatz zu den bisherigen Versuchen der jeweiligen Repräsentation sektoralen Expertenwissens. Nachdem man sich dem Mythos Cyc zunächst nur über Publikationen nähern konntet, wurde dann 1997 als Textdatei Cycs "Upper Ontology" durch die Firma Cycorp Inc. zugänglich gemacht. Sie enthielt aber einiges nicht, was beschrieben worden war: z.B. Regeln und die Bindung von Aussagen an "Mikrotheorien". Entsprechend dieser Beschränkung war es mir möglich, den Inhalt dieser Datei strukturell verlustfrei in mein objektorientiertes, generisches Thesaurussystem "TerminologyFramework" einzubringen. Im April 200z wurden dann unter dem Namen OpenCyc nicht nur der Inhalt eines Auszugs aus Cycorps Ontologie, sondern auch zugehörige Werkzeuge zum lesenden Stöbern, Ändern und Schließen in einem ersten Release 0.6 zugänglich. Dazu findet man reichlich tutorielles Material, jedoch ist es nicht exakt abgestimmt auf die aktuell vorliegende Wissensbasis, sowie allerhand Dokumentation; vor allem aber findet man zum Herunterladen das Softwarepaket samt Wissensbasis für Windows NT/2000/XP- oder für Linux-Systeme. In welchem Verhältnis das nun kostenlos mit einer "GNU Lesser General Public License" verfügbare OpenCyc zu dem kommerziellen "Full Cyc" der Firma Cycorp steht, darüber weiß ich nichts aus erster Hand; die von mir für OpenCyc ermittelten Zahlen (s.u.) stehen zu neueren Angaben für Cyc in einem Größenordnungsverhältnis von ca. 1 zu 10. Informationen über realisierte Anwendungen kann man der Firmenselbstdarstellung$ und den von dort erreichbaren "white papers" entnehmen. Auf der Firmeneingangsseite findet man in Gestalt einer Pyramide eine Inhaltsübersicht der Ontologie von Cyc (siehe Abbildung 1): Beim Darüberfahren mit der Maus wird das dort wie auch hier kaum leserliche Kleingedruckte im Feld links oben lesbar und durch Klicken wird eine Inhaltsbeschreibung des jeweiligen Begriffsbereichs im Feld unten gegeben. OpenCyc stellt wohl einen exemplarischen Auszug aus dem oberen Teil der Pyramide oberhalb "Domain-Specific Knowledge" dar.

Zeng, Q.; Yu, M.; Yu, W.; Xiong, J.; Shi, Y.; Jiang, M.: Faceted hierarchy : a new graph type to organize scientific concepts and a construction method (2019) 0.02

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Content: Vgl.: https%3A%2F%2Faclanthology.org%2FD19-5317.pdf&usg=AOvVaw0ZZFyq5wWTtNTvNkrvjlGA.

Stojanovic, N.: Ontology-based Information Retrieval : methods and tools for cooperative query answering (2005) 0.02

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Content: Vgl.: http%3A%2F%2Fdigbib.ubka.uni-karlsruhe.de%2Fvolltexte%2Fdocuments%2F1627&ei=tAtYUYrBNoHKtQb3l4GYBw&usg=AFQjCNHeaxKkKU3-u54LWxMNYGXaaDLCGw&sig2=8WykXWQoDKjDSdGtAakH2Q&bvm=bv.44442042,d.Yms.

Xiong, C.: Knowledge based text representations for information retrieval (2016) 0.02

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Content: Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Language and Information Technologies. Vgl.: https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cs.cmu.edu%2F~cx%2Fpapers%2Fknowledge_based_text_representation.pdf&usg=AOvVaw0SaTSvhWLTh__Uz_HtOtl3.

Schmitz-Esser, W.: Language of general communication and concept compatibility (1996) 0.01

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Pages: S.11-22

Drewer, P.; Massion, F; Pulitano, D: Was haben Wissensmodellierung, Wissensstrukturierung, künstliche Intelligenz und Terminologie miteinander zu tun? (2017) 0.01

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Date: 13.12.2017 14:17:22

Tudhope, D.; Hodge, G.: Terminology registries (2007) 0.01

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Date: 26.12.2011 13:22:07

Haller, S.H.M.: Mappingverfahren zur Wissensorganisation (2002) 0.01

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Date: 30. 5.2010 16:22:35

Nielsen, M.: Neuronale Netze : Alpha Go - Computer lernen Intuition (2018) 0.01

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Source: Spektrum der Wissenschaft. 2018, H.1, S.22-27

Börner, K.: Atlas of knowledge : anyone can map (2015) 0.01

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Date: 22. 1.2017 16:54:03
22. 1.2017 17:10:56

Synak, M.; Dabrowski, M.; Kruk, S.R.: Semantic Web and ontologies (2009) 0.01

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Date: 31. 7.2010 16:58:22

OWL Web Ontology Language Test Cases (2004) 0.01

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Date: 14. 8.2011 13:33:22

Giunchiglia, F.; Villafiorita, A.; Walsh, T.: Theories of abstraction (1997) 0.01

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Date: 1.10.2018 14:13:22

Hauff-Hartig, S.: Wissensrepräsentation durch RDF: Drei angewandte Forschungsbeispiele : Bitte recht vielfältig: Wie Wissensgraphen, Disco und FaBiO Struktur in Mangas und die Humanities bringen (2021) 0.01

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Date: 22. 5.2021 12:43:05

Priss, U.: Faceted information representation (2000) 0.01

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Date: 22. 1.2016 17:47:06

Knorz, G.; Rein, B.: Semantische Suche in einer Hochschulontologie (2005) 0.01

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Date: 11. 2.2011 18:22:58

Deokattey, S.; Neelameghan, A.; Kumar, V.: ¬A method for developing a domain ontology : a case study for a multidisciplinary subject (2010) 0.01

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Date: 22. 7.2010 19:41:16

Knorz, G.; Rein, B.: Semantische Suche in einer Hochschulontologie : Ontologie-basiertes Information-Filtering und -Retrieval mit relationalen Datenbanken (2005) 0.01

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Date: 11. 2.2011 18:22:25

Mayfield, J.; Finin, T.: Information retrieval on the Semantic Web : integrating inference and retrieval 0.01

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Date: 12. 2.2011 17:35:22

Boteram, F.: Semantische Relationen in Dokumentationssprachen : vom Thesaurus zum semantischen Netz (2010) 0.01

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Source: Wissensspeicher in digitalen Räumen: Nachhaltigkeit - Verfügbarkeit - semantische Interoperabilität. Proceedings der 11. Tagung der Deutschen Sektion der Internationalen Gesellschaft für Wissensorganisation, Konstanz, 20. bis 22. Februar 2008. Hrsg.: J. Sieglerschmidt u. H.P.Ohly

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