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Ackermann, E.: Piaget's constructivism, Papert's constructionism : what's the difference? (2001)
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- Abstract
- What is the difference between Piaget's constructivism and Papert's "constructionism"? Beyond the mere play on the words, I think the distinction holds, and that integrating both views can enrich our understanding of how people learn and grow. Piaget's constructivism offers a window into what children are interested in, and able to achieve, at different stages of their development. The theory describes how children's ways of doing and thinking evolve over time, and under which circumstance children are more likely to let go of-or hold onto- their currently held views. Piaget suggests that children have very good reasons not to abandon their worldviews just because someone else, be it an expert, tells them they're wrong. Papert's constructionism, in contrast, focuses more on the art of learning, or 'learning to learn', and on the significance of making things in learning. Papert is interested in how learners engage in a conversation with [their own or other people's] artifacts, and how these conversations boost self-directed learning, and ultimately facilitate the construction of new knowledge. He stresses the importance of tools, media, and context in human development. Integrating both perspectives illuminates the processes by which individuals come to make sense of their experience, gradually optimizing their interactions with the world.
- Content
- Vgl.: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/Piaget-%E2%80%99-s-Constructivism-%2C-Papert-%E2%80%99-s-%3A-What-%E2%80%99-s-Ackermann/89cbcc1e740a4591443ff4765a6ae8df0fdf5554. Darunter weitere Hinweise auf verwandte Beiträge. Auch unter: Learning Group Publication 5(2001) no.3, S.438.
- Type
- a
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Carvalho, J.R. de; Cordeiro, M.I.; Lopes, A.; Vieira, M.: Meta-information about MARC : an XML framework for validation, explanation and help systems (2004)
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- Abstract
- This article proposes a schema for meta-information about MARC that can express at a fairly comprehensive level the syntactic and semantic aspects of MARC formats in XML, including not only rules but also all texts and examples that are conveyed by MARC documentation. It can be thought of as an XML version of the MARC or UNIMARC manuals, for both machine and human usage. The article explains how such a schema can be the central piece of a more complete framework, to be used in conjunction with "slim" record formats, providing a rich environment for the automated processing of bibliographic data.
- Source
- Library hi tech. 22(2004) no.2, S.131-137
- Type
- a
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Lopes, M.I.: Subject indexing in Portuguese libraries : a new approach with SIPORBASE (1995)
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Evedove Tartarotti, R. Dal'; Lopes Fujita, M.: ¬The perspective of social indexing in online bibliographic catalogs : between the individual and the collaborative (2016)
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- Source
- Knowledge organization for a sustainable world: challenges and perspectives for cultural, scientific, and technological sharing in a connected society : proceedings of the Fourteenth International ISKO Conference 27-29 September 2016, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil / organized by International Society for Knowledge Organization (ISKO), ISKO-Brazil, São Paulo State University ; edited by José Augusto Chaves Guimarães, Suellen Oliveira Milani, Vera Dodebei
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Evedove, P.R. Dal; Evedove Tartarotti, R.C. Dal; Lopes Fujita, M.S.: Verbal protocols in Brazilian information science : a perspective from indexing studies (2018)
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Gil-Leiva, I.; Lopes Fujita, M.S.; Díaz Ortuño, P.M.; Reis, D.M. dos: Is the massive incorporation of e-books into university libraries devaluing the technical processes related to the assigning of subject headings and classification codes? (2018)
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Lopes Fujita, M.S.; Agustín-Lacruz, M.-del-C.; Terra, A.L.: Knowledge organization in editorial policies for titles, abstracts and keywords in JCR-indexed journals : an exploratory study in the areas of information and communication sciences (2018)
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Campos, F.M.; Lopes, M.I.; Galvao, R.M.: MARC formats and their use : an overview (1995)
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- Abstract
- Reports on work carried out as part of a feasibility study for UseMARCON (User Controlled Generic MARC Converter); a European Community funded project to develop a toolbox capable of converting bibliographic records from any MARC format into any other MARC format through a central conversion format. Reviews the use of MARC formats as internal or cataloguing formats or an exchange formats available in tape magnetic tape services. Special attention is paid to the actual us and use trends of UNIMARC, with particular reference to the role of UNIMARC as a new stage in the evolution of MARC formats, devised to improve and facilitate the exchange of bibliographic information between different systems
- Type
- a
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Lopes, M.I.: Subject authority control in a union catalogue : perspectives for a national co-operative project in Portugal (1993)
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- Abstract
- In 1989, the existence of an online union catalogue, the National Bibliographic Database - PORBASE, raised the urgent need for mechnisms of co-operation in the field of subject authority control. A national co-operative project called CLIP (Compatibilizacao de Linguagens de Indexacao em Portugues) was launched. With CLIP special libraries will assume responsibility for the final content of the authority file with respect to terminolgy for subject access in different subject areas. Reference is made to the general situation in Portuguese libraries with respect to the availability and application of subject indexing tools, and also to the work being carried out towards standardization and harmonization of procedures in such matters
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- a
-
Lopes, M.I.: Principles underlying subject heading languages : an international approach (1996)
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- Abstract
- Discusses the problems in establishing commonly accepted principles for subject retrieval between different bibliographic systems. The Working Group on Principles Underlying Subject Heading Languages was established to devise general principles for any subject retrieval system and to review existing real systems in the light of such principles and compare them in order to evaluate the extent of their coverage and their application in current practices. Provides a background and history of the Working Group. Discusses the principles underlying subject headings and their purposes and the state of the work and major findings
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Simões, M. da Graça; Machado, L.M.; Souza, R.R.; Almeida, M.B.; Tavares Lopes, A.: Automatic indexing and ontologies : the consistency of research chronology and authoring in the context of Information Science (2018)
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Hotho, A.; Bloehdorn, S.: Data Mining 2004 : Text classification by boosting weak learners based on terms and concepts (2004)
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- Abstract
- Document representations for text classification are typically based on the classical Bag-Of-Words paradigm. This approach comes with deficiencies that motivate the integration of features on a higher semantic level than single words. In this paper we propose an enhancement of the classical document representation through concepts extracted from background knowledge. Boosting is used for actual classification. Experimental evaluations on two well known text corpora support our approach through consistent improvement of the results.
- Content
- Vgl.: http://www.google.de/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=1&cad=rja&ved=0CEAQFjAA&url=http%3A%2F%2Fciteseerx.ist.psu.edu%2Fviewdoc%2Fdownload%3Fdoi%3D10.1.1.91.4940%26rep%3Drep1%26type%3Dpdf&ei=dOXrUMeIDYHDtQahsIGACg&usg=AFQjCNHFWVh6gNPvnOrOS9R3rkrXCNVD-A&sig2=5I2F5evRfMnsttSgFF9g7Q&bvm=bv.1357316858,d.Yms.
- Date
- 8. 1.2013 10:22:32
- Type
- a
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Terra, A.L.; Spotti Lopes Fujita, M.; Agustín Lacruz, M.C.: Indexing policies in Brazilian and Portuguese school libraries : a comparative analysis (2016)
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- Abstract
- Research data on indexing policies in Brazilian and Portuguese school libraries are presented and discussed. Legal and organizational contexts regarding these types of libraries are briefly described. The collection of empirical data was obtained by means of an inquiry that resulted in 150 questionnaires from Brazil and 406 from Portugal. Based on these samples, a generic identification of school libraries was carried out in terms of teaching levels and institutional/geographical integration. The existence of a catalog in the libraries was also determined. The use of the two main kinds of indexing languages (classification systems and verbal indexing languages) were identified as well as the existence of manuals designed to guide indexing procedures. References are made to aspects related to the specificity and the number of terms/subjects selected for each document and the use of indexing norms by comparing both Brazilian and Portuguese realities.
- Type
- a
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Marques Redigolo, F.; Lopes Fujita, M.S.; Gil-Leiva, I.: Guidelines for subject analysis in subject cataloging (2022)
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- Abstract
- The representation of information in subject cataloging as a result of subject analysis will depend on the cataloger's prior knowledge, influenced by subjectivity. The subject analysis in cataloging is a central theme of this investigation with the aim to elaborate guidelines for subject analysis in cataloging. For this purpose, how books are cataloged in university libraries has been verified. The Individual Verbal Protocol was applied with catalogers from Brazilian and Spanish University Libraries. Directions for the elements and variables of the subject analysis and procedures for good development were obtained to constitute the Guidelines of Subject Analysis in Cataloging. It is concluded that the guidelines formed by four sections are indicated for incorporation in subject cataloging procedure manuals for the purpose of improving the levels of representation and information retrieval results.
- Type
- a
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Andrade, J. de; Lopes Ginez de Lara, M.: Interoperability and mapping between knowledge organization systems : metathesaurus - Unified Medical Language System of the National Library of Medicine (2016)
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- Abstract
- This paper is aimed at assessing the potential of interoperable knowledge organization systems to respond to search strategies in order to retrieve information from databases in the areas of health and biomedicine. An analysis was done on the semantic consistency of synonym grouping of a term selected from the Metathesaurus, the Unified Medical Language System of the National Library of Medicine, based on the characteristics of equivalence proposed in ISO 25964: 2: 2011 and based on the following categories: semantic, morphological, syntactic and typographical variations. This paper highlights the importance of understanding the results of automatic mapping as well as the need for characterization, evaluation and selection of equivalences for preparation of consistent search strategies and presentation of search results in scientific work methodologies.
- Type
- a
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Popper, K.R.: Three worlds : the Tanner lecture on human values. Deliverd at the University of Michigan, April 7, 1978 (1978)
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- Abstract
- In this lecture I intend to challenge those who uphold a monist or even a dualist view of the universe; and I will propose, instead, a pluralist view. I will propose a view of the universe that recognizes at least three different but interacting sub-universes.
- Source
- https%3A%2F%2Ftannerlectures.utah.edu%2F_documents%2Fa-to-z%2Fp%2Fpopper80.pdf&usg=AOvVaw3f4QRTEH-OEBmoYr2J_c7H
- Type
- a
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Vetere, G.; Lenzerini, M.: Models for semantic interoperability in service-oriented architectures (2005)
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- Abstract
- Although service-oriented architectures go a long way toward providing interoperability in distributed, heterogeneous environments, managing semantic differences in such environments remains a challenge. We give an overview of the issue of semantic interoperability (integration), provide a semantic characterization of services, and discuss the role of ontologies. Then we analyze four basic models of semantic interoperability that differ in respect to their mapping between service descriptions and ontologies and in respect to where the evaluation of the integration logic is performed. We also provide some guidelines for selecting one of the possible interoperability models.
- Content
- Vgl.: http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/login.jsp?tp=&arnumber=5386707&url=http%3A%2F%2Fieeexplore.ieee.org%2Fxpls%2Fabs_all.jsp%3Farnumber%3D5386707.
- Type
- a
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Teixera Lopes, C.; Ribeiro, C.: Measuring the value of health query translation : An analysis by user language proficiency (2013)
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- Abstract
- English is by far the most used language on the web. In some domains, the existence of less content in the users' native language may not be problematic and even help to cope with the information overload. Yet, in domains such as health, where information quality is critical, a larger quantity of information may mean easier access to higher quality content. Query translation may be a good strategy to access content in other languages, but the presence of medical terms in health queries makes the translation process more difficult, even for users with very good language proficiencies. In this study, we evaluate how translating a health query affects users with different language proficiencies. We chose English as the non-native language because it is a widely spoken language and it is the most used language on the web. Our findings suggest that non-English-speaking users having at least elementary English proficiency can benefit from a system that suggests English alternatives for their queries, or automatically retrieves English content from a non-English query. This awareness of the user profile results in higher precision, more accurate medical knowledge, and better access to high-quality content. Moreover, the suggestions of English-translated queries may also trigger new health search strategies.
- Type
- a
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Lopes Martins, D.; Silva Lemos, D.L. da; Rosa de Oliveira, L.F.; Siqueira, J.; Carmo, D. do; Nunes Medeiros, V.: Information organization and representation in digital cultural heritage in Brazil : systematic mapping of information infrastructure in digital collections for data science applications (2023)
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- Abstract
- This paper focuses on data science in digital cultural heritage in Brazil, where there is a lack of systematized information and curated databases for the integrated organization of documentary knowledge. Thus, the aim was to systematically map the different forms of information organization and representation applied to objects from collections belonging to institutions affiliated with the federal government's Special Department of Culture. This diagnosis is then used to discuss the requirements of devising strategies that favor a better data science information infrastructure to reuse information on Brazil's cultural heritage. Content analysis was used to identify analytical categories and obtain a broader understanding of the documentary sources of these institutions in order to extract, analyze, and interpret the data involved. A total of 215 hyperlinks that can be considered cultural collections of the institutions studied were identified, representing 2,537,921 cultural heritage items. The results show that the online publication of Brazil's digital cultural heritage is limited in terms of technology, copyright licensing, and established information organization practices. This paper provides a conceptual and analytical view to discuss the requirements for formulating strategies aimed at building a data science information infrastructure of Brazilian digital cultural collections that serves as future projects.
- Type
- a
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Fujita, M.; Lopes, L.; Moreira, W.; Piovezan dos Santos, L.B.; Andrade e Cruz, M.C.; Rodrigues de Barros Ribas, R.: Construction and evaluation of hierarchical structures of indexing languages for online catalogs of libraries : an experience of the São Paulo State University (UNESP) (2018)
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- Abstract
- The construction and updating of indexing languages depend on the organization of their hierarchical structures in order to determine the classification of related terms and, above all, to allow a constant updating of vocabulary, a condition for knowledge evolution. The elaboration of an indexing language for online catalogs of libraries' networks is important considering the diversity and specificity of knowledge areas. From this perspective, the present paper reports on the work of a team of catalogers and researchers engaged in the construction of a hierarchical structure of an indexing language for an online catalog of a university library's network. The work on hierarchical structures began by defining the categories and subcategories that form the indexing language macrostructure by using the parameters of the Library of Congress Subject Headings , the National Library Terminology and the Vocabulary of the University of São Paulo Library's system. Throughout the stages of the elaboration process of the macrostructure, difficulties and improvements were observed and discussed. The results enabled the assessment of the hierarchical structures of the languages used in the organization of the superordinate and subordinate terms, which has contributed to the systematization of operational procedures contained in an indexing language manual for online catalogs of libraries.
- Type
- a
