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  • × author_ss:"Spink, A."
  1. Spink, A.; Cole, C.: ¬A multitasking framework for cognitive information retrieval (2005) 0.02 
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    Date
    19. 1.2007 12:55:22
    Source
    New directions in cognitive information retrieval. Eds.: A. Spink, C. Cole
  2. Kuhlthau, C.; Spink, A.; Cool, C.: Exploration into stages in the retrieval in the information search process in online information retrieval : communication between users and intermediaries (1992) 0.01 
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  3. Griesdorf, H.; Spink, A.: Median measure : an approach to IR systems evaluation (2001) 0.01 
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  4. Spink, A.; Cole, C.: Human information behavior : integrating diverse approaches and information use (2006) 0.01 
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    Abstract
    For millennia humans have sought, organized, and used information as they learned and evolved patterns of human information behaviors to resolve their human problems and survive. However, despite the current focus an living in an "information age," we have a limited evolutionary understanding of human information behavior. In this article the authors examine the current three interdisciplinary approaches to conceptualizing how humans have sought information including (a) the everyday life information seeking-sense-making approach, (b) the information foraging approach, and (c) the problem-solution perspective an information seeking approach. In addition, due to the lack of clarity regarding the rote of information use in information behavior, a fourth information approach is provided based an a theory of information use. The use theory proposed starts from an evolutionary psychology notion that humans are able to adapt to their environment and survive because of our modular cognitive architecture. Finally, the authors begin the process of conceptualizing these diverse approaches, and the various aspects or elements of these approaches, within an integrated model with consideration of information use. An initial integrated model of these different approaches with information use is proposed.
  5. Jansen, B.J.; Spink, A.; Blakely, C.; Koshman, S.: Defining a session on Web search engines (2007) 0.01 
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    Abstract
    Detecting query reformulations within a session by a Web searcher is an important area of research for designing more helpful searching systems and targeting content to particular users. Methods explored by other researchers include both qualitative (i.e., the use of human judges to manually analyze query patterns on usually small samples) and nondeterministic algorithms, typically using large amounts of training data to predict query modification during sessions. In this article, we explore three alternative methods for detection of session boundaries. All three methods are computationally straightforward and therefore easily implemented for detection of session changes. We examine 2,465,145 interactions from 534,507 users of Dogpile.com on May 6, 2005. We compare session analysis using (a) Internet Protocol address and cookie; (b) Internet Protocol address, cookie, and a temporal limit on intrasession interactions; and (c) Internet Protocol address, cookie, and query reformulation patterns. Overall, our analysis shows that defining sessions by query reformulation along with Internet Protocol address and cookie provides the best measure, resulting in an 82% increase in the count of sessions. Regardless of the method used, the mean session length was fewer than three queries, and the mean session duration was less than 30 min. Searchers most often modified their query by changing query terms (nearly 23% of all query modifications) rather than adding or deleting terms. Implications are that for measuring searching traffic, unique sessions may be a better indicator than the common metric of unique visitors. This research also sheds light on the more complex aspects of Web searching involving query modifications and may lead to advances in searching tools.
  6. Tjondronegoro, D.; Spink, A.; Jansen, B.J.: ¬A study and comparison of multimedia Web searching : 1997-2006 (2009) 0.01 
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    Abstract
    Searching for multimedia is an important activity for users of Web search engines. Studying user's interactions with Web search engine multimedia buttons, including image, audio, and video, is important for the development of multimedia Web search systems. This article provides results from a Weblog analysis study of multimedia Web searching by Dogpile users in 2006. The study analyzes the (a) duration, size, and structure of Web search queries and sessions; (b) user demographics; (c) most popular multimedia Web searching terms; and (d) use of advanced Web search techniques including Boolean and natural language. The current study findings are compared with results from previous multimedia Web searching studies. The key findings are: (a) Since 1997, image search consistently is the dominant media type searched followed by audio and video; (b) multimedia search duration is still short (>50% of searching episodes are <1 min), using few search terms; (c) many multimedia searches are for information about people, especially in audio search; and (d) multimedia search has begun to shift from entertainment to other categories such as medical, sports, and technology (based on the most repeated terms). Implications for design of Web multimedia search engines are discussed.
  7. Spink, A.; Cole, C.: ¬A human information behavior approach to a philosophy of information (2004) 0.01 
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  8. Spink, A.; Greisdorf, H.: Partial relevance judgements and changes in users information problems during online searching (1997) 0.01 
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  9. Zhang, Y.; Jansen, B.J.; Spink, A.: Identification of factors predicting clickthrough in Web searching using neural network analysis (2009) 0.01 
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    Date
    22. 3.2009 17:49:11
  10. Cool, C.; Spink, A.: Issues of context in information retrieval (IR) : an introduction to the special issue (2002) 0.01 
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  11. Spink, A.; Cole, C.: New directions in cognitive information retrieval : conclusion and further research (2005) 0.01 
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    Source
    New directions in cognitive information retrieval. Eds.: A. Spink, C. Cole
  12. Spink, A.; Cole, C.: New directions in cognitive information retrieval : introduction (2005) 0.01 
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    Source
    New directions in cognitive information retrieval. Eds.: A. Spink, C. Cole
  13. Spink, A.; Danby, S.; Mallan, K.; Butler, C.: Exploring young children's web searching and technoliteracy (2010) 0.00 
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  14. Spink, A.; Cole, C.: Introduction (2004) 0.00 
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  15. Spink, A.; Jansen, B.J.; Blakely, C.; Koshman, S.: ¬A study of results overlap and uniqueness among major Web search engines (2006) 0.00 
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  16. Spink, A.; Greisdorf, H.: Users' partial relevance judgements during online searching (1997) 0.00 
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  17. Spink, A.; Greisdorf, H.: Regions and levels : Measuring and mapping users' relevance judgements (2001) 0.00 
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  18. Jansen, B.J.; Spink, A.: ¬An analysis of Web searching by European Allthe Web.com users (2005) 0.00 
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    Abstract
    The Web has become a worldwide source of information and a mainstream business tool. It is changing the way people conduct the daily business of their lives. As these changes are occurring, we need to understand what Web searching trends are emerging within the various global regions. What are the regional differences and trends in Web searching, if any? What is the effectiveness of Web search engines as providers of information? As part of a body of research studying these questions, we have analyzed two data sets collected from queries by mainly European users submitted to AlltheWeb.com on 6 February 2001 and 28 May 2002. AlltheWeb.com is a major and highly rated European search engine. Each data set contains approximately a million queries submitted by over 200,000 users and spans a 24-h period. This longitudinal benchmark study shows that European Web searching is evolving in certain directions. There was some decline in query length, with extremely simple queries. European search topics are broadening, with a notable percentage decline in sexual and pornographic searching. The majority of Web searchers view fewer than five Web documents, spending only seconds on a Web document. Approximately 50% of the Web documents viewed by these European users were topically relevant. We discuss the implications for Web information systems and information content providers.
  19. Spink, A.: Information behavior : an evolutionary instinct (2010) 0.00 
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    Footnote
    Rez. in: iwp 62(2011) H.1, S.48 (D. Lewandowski): "... Es ist sehr schade, dass die Autorin aus diesem interessanten und für die Zukunft des Fachs sicherlich entscheidenden Thema nicht mehr gemacht hat. Gerade bei einem Thema, das noch nicht intensiv beackert wurde, ist eine ausführliche Darstellung von großer Bedeutung. Auch in Hinblick auf die Unmenge an Literatur, die in diesem Buch zitiert wird, erscheint die Form der Darstellung in keiner Weise angemessen. Ebenso unangemessen wirkt der Preis von 85 Euro für dieses schmale Werk, welches auch gut in der Form von einem oder zwei längeren Aufsätzen hätte veröffentlicht werden können."
  20. Spink, A.; Jansen, B.J.: Web searching : public searching of the Web (2004) 0.00 
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    Footnote
    Rez. in: Information - Wissenschaft und Praxis 56(2004) H.1, S.61-62 (D. Lewandowski): "Die Autoren des vorliegenden Bandes haben sich in den letzten Jahren durch ihre zahlreichen Veröffentlichungen zum Verhalten von Suchmaschinen-Nutzern einen guten Namen gemacht. Das nun erschienene Buch bietet eine Zusammenfassung der verstreut publizierten Aufsätze und stellt deren Ergebnisse in den Kontext eines umfassenderen Forschungsansatzes. Spink und Jansen verwenden zur Analyse des Nutzungsverhaltens query logs von Suchmaschinen. In diesen werden vom Server Informationen protokolliert, die die Anfragen an diesen Server betreffen. Daten, die aus diesen Dateien gewonnen werden können, sind unter anderem die gestellten Suchanfragen, die Adresse des Rechners, von dem aus die Anfrage gestellt wurde, sowie die aus den Trefferlisten ausgewählten Dokumente. Der klare Vorteil der Analyse von Logfiles liegt in der Möglichkeit, große Datenmengen ohne hohen personellen Aufwand erheben zu können. Die Daten einer Vielzahl anonymer Nutzer können analysiert werden; ohne dass dabei die Datenerhebung das Nutzerverhalten beeinflusst. Dies ist bei Suchmaschinen von besonderer Bedeutung, weil sie im Gegensatz zu den meisten anderen professionellen Information-Retrieval-Systemen nicht nur im beruflichen Kontext, sondern auch (und vor allem) privat genutzt werden. Das Bild des Nutzungsverhaltens wird in Umfragen und Laboruntersuchungen verfälscht, weil Nutzer ihr Anfrageverhalten falsch einschätzen oder aber die Themen ihrer Anfragen nicht nennen möchten. Hier ist vor allem an Suchanfragen, die auf medizinische oder pornographische Inhalte gerichtet sind, zu denken. Die Analyse von Logfiles ist allerdings auch mit Problemen behaftet: So sind nicht alle gewünschten Daten überhaupt in den Logfiles enthalten (es fehlen alle Informationen über den einzelnen Nutzer), es werden keine qualitativen Informationen wie etwa der Grund einer Suche erfasst und die Logfiles sind aufgrund technischer Gegebenheiten teils unvollständig. Die Autoren schließen aus den genannten Vor- und Nachteilen, dass sich Logfiles gut für die Auswertung des Nutzerverhaltens eignen, bei der Auswertung jedoch die Ergebnisse von Untersuchungen, welche andere Methoden verwenden, berücksichtigt werden sollten.

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