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Date

7. 1.1996 22:47:52

Source

Information, knowledge, evolution. Proceedings of the 44th FID Congress, Helsinki, 28.8.-1.9.1988. Ed. by S. Koshiala and R. Launo

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Content

Recent evolution of computer-assisted bibliographic instruction; A departmental approach to bibliographic instruction; Sequenced research assignements for the undergraduate literature student; Bibliographic instruction in the social sciences; The role of bibliographic instruction in the improvement of undergraduate science education; Alternatives to term paper; Faculty recalcitrance about bibliograic instruction; Working with classroom faculty; Student response to bibliographic instruction; Bibliographic instruction from an administrative point-of-view; Collection development and bibliographic instruction; Selected readings on bibliographic instruction

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Source

Information, knowledge, evolution. Proceedings of the 44th FID congress, Helsinki, 28.8.-1.9.1988. Ed. by S. Koshiala and R. Launo

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Abstract

Are we at a turning point in digital information? The expansion of the internet was unprecedented; search engines dealt with it in the only way possible - scan as much as they could and throw it all into an inverted index. But now search engines are beginning to experiment with deep web searching and attention to taxonomies, and the semantic web is demonstrating how much more can be done with a computer if you give it knowledge. What does this mean for the skills and focus of the information science (or sciences) community? Should information designers and information managers work more closely to create computer based information systems for more effective retrieval? Will information science become part of computer science and does the rise of the term informatics demonstrate the convergence of information science and information technology - a convergence that must surely develop in the years to come? Issues and questions such as these are reflected in this monograph, a collection of essays written by some of the most pre-eminent contributors to the discipline. These peer reviewed perspectives capture insights into advances in, and facets of, information science, a profession in transition. With an introduction from Jack Meadows the key papers are: Meeting the challenge, by Brian Vickery; The developing foundations of information science, by David Bawden; The last 50 years of knowledge organization, by Stella G Dextre Clarke; On the history of evaluation in IR, by Stephen Robertson; The information user, by Tom Wilson A; The sociological turn in information science, by Blaise Cronin; From chemical documentation to chemoinformatics, by Peter Willett; Health informatics, by Peter A Bath; Social informatics and sociotechnical research, by Elisabeth Davenport; The evolution of visual information retrieval, by Peter Enser; Information policies, by Elizabeth Orna; Disparity in professional qualifications and progress in information handling, by Barry Mahon; Electronic scholarly publishing and open access, by Charles Oppenheim; Social software: fun and games, or business tools? by Wendy A Warr; and, Bibliometrics to webometrics, by Mike Thelwall. This monograph previously appeared as a special issue of the "Journal of Information Science", published by Sage. Reproduced here as a monograph, this important collection of perspectives on a skill set in transition from a prestigious line-up of authors will now be available to information studies students worldwide and to all those working in the information science field.

Content

Inhalt: Fifty years of UK research in information science - Jack Meadows / Smoother pebbles and the shoulders of giants: the developing foundations of information science - David Bawden / The last 50 years of knowledge organization: a journey through my personal archives - Stella G. Dextre Clarke / On the history of evaluation in IR - Stephen Robertson / The information user: past, present and future - Tom Wilson / The sociological turn in information science - Blaise Cronin / From chemical documentation to chemoinformatics: 50 years of chemical information science - Peter Willett / Health informatics: current issues and challenges - Peter A. Bath / Social informatics and sociotechnical research - a view from the UK - Elisabeth Davenport / The evolution of visual information retrieval - Peter Enser / Information policies: yesterday, today, tomorrow - Elizabeth Orna / The disparity in professional qualifications and progress in information handling: a European perspective - Barry Mahon / Electronic scholarly publishing and Open Access - Charles Oppenheim / Social software: fun and games, or business tools ? - Wendy A. Warr / Bibliometrics to webometrics - Mike Thelwall / How I learned to love the Brits - Eugene Garfield

Date

22. 2.2013 11:35:35

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Source

Information, knowledge, evolution. Proceedings of the 44th FID Congress, Helsinki, 28.8.-1.9.1988. Ed. by Sinikka Koshiala and Ritva Launo

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Source

Information, knowledge, evolution. Proceedings of the 44th FID congress, Helsinki, 28.8.-1.9.1988. Ed. by S. Koshiala and R. Launo

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Content

Enthält die Beiträge: McCALLUM, S.: What makes a standard?; HOLLEY, R.P.: IFLA and international standards in the area of bibliographical control; STERN, B.: Internationalizing the rules in AACR2: adopting and translating AACR2 for use in non-Anglo-American and non-English-speaking cataloging environments; GUILES, K., R. EWALD u. B. TILLETT: The evolution of LCRIs: from de facto standards to ?; SPICHER, K.M.: The development of the MARC format; THOMAS, S.E.: The core bibliographic record and the program for cooperative cataloging; PALOWITCH, C. u. L. HOROWITZ: Meta-information structures for networked information resources; KUHAGEN, J.A.: Standards for name and series authority records; WILLIAMSON, N.: Standards and rules for subject access; GUENTHER, R.S.: Automating the Library of Congress Classification Scheme: implementation of the USMARC Format for Classification Data; LEAZER, G.H.: Recent research on the sequential bibliographical relationship and its implications for standards and the library catalog: an examination of serials

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Abstract

Enthält die u.a. die Beiträge: CYRANEK, G.: Künstliche Intelligenz: Positionen am Ende der Euphorie; SIEKMANN, J.: Künstliche Intelligenz: von den Anfängen in die Zukunft; PFEIFER, R. u. T. ROTHENFLUH: Trends in der Artificial Intelligence: Anmerkungen zur Situation in der Schweiz; VELICHKOVSKY, B.: Die funktionale Organisation der menschlichen Intelligenz; BONSIEPEN, L.: Folgen des Marginalen: zur Technikfolgenabschätzung der KI; COY, W.: Expertensysteme: Künstliche Intelligenz auf dem Weg zum Anwender? CYRANEK, G.: Massiv parallele Ratlosigkeit: Ansätze zur Technikfolgenabschätzung der KI in der Schweiz; FLOYD, C.: Verantwortung und bewußter Umgang mit der Künstlichen Intelligenz; MARTENS, E.: Wer trägt die Verantwortung: Laien, Experten oder Expertensysteme?; COOLEY, M.: Computer in der Arbeitswelt heute und Veränderung der Anforderungen durch Künstliche Intelligenz morgen; VOLPERT, W.: Die Spielräume der Menschen erhalten und ihre Fähigkeiten fördern: Gedanken zu einer sanften KI-Forschung; DREYFUS, H.: Den Geist konstruieren versus das Gehirn modellieren: die KI kehrt zu einem Scheideweg zurück; MINSKY, M.: Künstliche Intelligenz ist Evolution: jenseits des Konnektionismus; FLUSSER, V.: Neue Wirklichkeiten aus dem Computer: Visionen einer vernetzten Gesellschaft

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Content

The papers are organized in several sessions and tracks: general track on ontology evolution, engineering, and frameworks, semantic Web and metadata extraction, modelling, interoperability and exploratory search, data analysis, reuse and visualization; track on digital libraries, information retrieval, linked and social data; track on metadata and semantics for open repositories, research information systems and data infrastructure; track on metadata and semantics for agriculture, food and environment; track on metadata and semantics for cultural collections and applications; track on European and national projects.

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Footnote

Rez. in: Knowledge organization 30(2003) no.1, S.42-44 (D. Mercier): "This work is a collection of lecture notes following the 22"d Sarada Ranganathan Endowment Lectures which took place in Bangalore, India, from 4-6 December 2000. This compilation has been divided into four sections: historical introduction, compilation of several definitions about knowledge and its management, impacts of knowledge management (KM) an information professionals and, review of information technologies as tools for knowledge management. The aim of this book is to provide "a succinct overview of various aspects of knowledge management, particularly in companies" (p. v). Each chapter focuses an a dominant text in a specific area. Most of the quoted authors are known consultants in KM. Each chapter is similarly handled: a review of a dominant book, some subject matter from a few other consultants and, last but not least, comments an a few broadly cited cases. Each chapter is uneven with regards to the level of detail provided, and ending summaries, which would have been useful, are missing. The book is structured in two parts containing five chapters each. The first part is theoretical, the second deals with knowledge workers and technologies. Haravu begins the first chapter with a historical overview of information and knowledge management (IKM) essentially based an the review previously made by Drucker (1999). Haravu emphasises the major facts and events of the discipline from the industrial revolution up to the advent of the knowledge economy. On the whole, this book is largely technology-oriented. The lecturer presents micro-economic factors contributing to the economic perspective of knowledge management, focusing an the existing explicit knowledge. This is Haravu's prevailing perspective. He then offers a compilation of definitions from Allee (1997) and Sveiby (1997), both known for their contribution in the area of knowledge evaluation. As many others, Haravu confirms his assumption regarding the distinction between information and knowledge, and the knowledge categories: explicit and tacit, both actions oriented and supported by rules (p. 43). The SECI model (Nonaka & Takeuchi, 1995), also known as "knowledge conversion spiral" is described briefly, and the theoretically relational dimension between individual and collectivities is explained. Three SECI linked concepts appear to be missing: contexts in movement, intellectual assets and leadership.
On the other hand, from the economic perspective of knowledge management, the role of technology is dominant. The last chapter presents, in details, tools and technologies used by, or potentially useful to, KM practitioners. This chapter discusses the Tiwana (2000) framework and cases. This framework has several meta-component categories: knowledge flow, information mapping, information sources, information and knowledge exchange, and intelligent agent and network mining. In summarizing the Tiwana (2000) study, Haravu gives generic characteristics to the most prevailing tools. To downplay the predominance of technologies, Haravu concludes his book with a discussion of three KM technology myths. This compilation of notes is a real patchwork with some sewing mistakes. In order to be able to read and understand it better, one would have to rewrite a detailed table of contents since many numbering errors and incoherence appear in all the chapters. Levels of details are different in each chapter. As one reads along, many details are repeated. Bibliographic references are incomplete and there are no citations for figures or tables. This book looks like a draft companion for those who attended the lecture, but it is not clear why it becomes available as late as two years after the event. KM is a new discipline in constant evolution. In contrast, the book seems to be a demonstration of a mature and stable discipline. In this publication, Haravu fails to display the plurality of paradigmatic KM dimensions, challenges and opportunities. The compilation is not original and reflects the very traditional style of the first generation of KM specialists. Following thousands of books and articles written about KM, this compilation still Shows a systematic or economic perspective of KM, in which the systemic approach is omitted and KM duality ignored. Annotated bibliographies are to be preferred to Haravu's patchwork."

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Content

Enthält die Beiträge: OBERSCHELP, W.: Ordnungsstrukturen und Strukturordnung in den Dimensionen physikalischer Wirklichkeit; KÖRNER, H.G.: Optimale Klassengröße, die mathematische Konstante e und Notationsfragen; ZWIRNER, W.: Wissensstrukturen in der Physik; DEGENS, P.O.: Hierarchische Klassifikation; JOCHUM, F.: Zur Bestimmung von Distanzen zwischen semantischen Repräsentationssprachen; KOCH, M.: Natürliche Distanz- und Ähnlichkeitsmaße: Beispiele aus den Wirtschafts- und Sozialwissenschaften; BRESCH, C.: Muster und Evolution; RÖSCH, S.: "Natura e scritta in ligua mathematica": Zahlen in der Natur und in der Kunst; WEINBERGER, C.: Homologie und Analogie als Basis der biologischen Hypothesenbildung; HAASE, R.: Ordnungsmuster und Musterordnung in der Entfaltung des harmonikalen Weltbildes; SEITELBERGER, F.: Die Raum-Zeit-Struktur der menschlichen Erlebniswelt als Problem der Hirnforschung; TOTOK, W.: Wissensordnung und Ordnungswissen zwischen Renaissance und Aufklärung; MÜLLER, A.: Holton's methodologische Prinzipien und ihre Bedeutung für den Wandel wissenschaftlicher Begriffsstrukturen; SECHSER, O.: Information und Wahrheit: falsche Information und Unwahrheit?; HÖLZL, J.: Systemtheorie und Klassifikation; PETÖFI J.S.: Strukturwissen in den natürlichen Sprachen, Wissensstrukturen in der natürlich-sprachlichen Kommunikation; MÖNKE, H.: Definitionen als Wissensstrukturen begrifflicher Aussagen; PANYR, J.: Automatische thematische Textklassifikation und ihre Interpretation in der Dokumentengrobrecherche; DAHLBERG, I.: Wissensmuster und Musterwissen im Erfassen klassifikatorischer Ganzheiten; WEINBERGER, O.: Begriffsstruktur und Klassifikation; MAASSEN, B.: Inhaltserschließung als Dienstleistung der Deutschen Bibliothek

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Content

Enthält folgende Beiträge: McGARRY, D.: Introduction; HOLLEY, R.P.: Editor's comments; DECOURT, E. u. S.M.G. PACHECO: Subject analysis in the Brazilian Library Network BIBLIODATA CALCO; PARENT, I.: Subject access to library materials in Canada: overview; SCHWEITZER, A.: Subject access to library materials in Canada: a balancing act between conformity and divergence; WILLER, M.: Subject access systems in use in Croatia; MASTROVIC, M.: Cataloguing graphics in the prints collection: National and University Library, Zagreb, Croatia; JOUGUELET, S.: Evolution of subject indexing practice in France; HEINER-FREILING, M.: Subject indexing in the nineties: the situation in Germany; SOLTANI, P.: Subject access in Iran; SADOWSKA, J.: Subject catalogues in Poland; LOPES, M.I.: Subject indexing in Portuguese libraries: a new approach with SIPORbase; CASTELLOTE, P.B.: Subject indexing at the National Library of Spain; McILWAINE, I.C.: Subject control: the British viewpoint; CHAN, L.M.: Subject access systems in the USA; FUGMANN, R.: The complementary of natural and controlled languages in indexing; SVENONIUS, E.: Precoordination or not?; REY, J.: International tendencies in terminology and indexing; WILLIAMSON, N.J.: Standards and standardization in subject analysis systems: current status and future directions: BEALL, J.: Summary

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Abstract

This is an important collection of studies and essays examining the history and concepts concerning the development and evolution of the "digital divide" as a reality and as an idea. The work's editor, Benjamin Compaine, states up front that he is skeptical of whole digital divide concept. Although the collection includes materials from a variety of views, Compaine warns the book will not settle issues. Compaine's hope is that his collection will encourage people to believe the digital divide will fix itself quicker than any program. Digital Divide is composed of 20 chapters and divided into five parts. For each "Part" Compaine provides a brief introduction and explanation for its chapters. The contributors come from diverse backgrounds bringing the collection breadth and depth. Compaine list 27 authors from different academic fields, newspapers, research institutions, and companies. Because the work is a collection authored by such a variety of people, each chapter has individual strengths and weaknesses. Overall, however, the chapters flow in a logical order and are very readable. Although most authors cover a good bit of statistical data and analysis, which can tend to bog down the flow of the narrative, the majority of the authors make use of tables and charts to relay their statistical data to the reader. Thus, the research data is provided but is less disruptive to the narrative making the text much easier to read as a whole.

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Content

Enthält auch die Beiträge: BROOKS, R.A.: Künstliche Intelligenz und Roboterentwicklung - RITTER, H.: Die Evolution der künstlichen Intelligenz - ENGEL, A.K. u. W. SINGER: Neuronale Grundlagen des Bewußtseins - METZINGER, T.: Postbiotisches Bewußtsein: wie man ein künstliches Subjekt baut - und warum wir es nicht tun sollten - HARA, F.: Gesichtsrobotik und emotional computing

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Abstract

With the rapidly increasing pace at which Web content is evolving, particularly social media, preserving the Web and its evolution over time becomes an important challenge. Meaningful analysis of Web content lends itself to an entity-centric view to organise Web resources according to the information objects related to them. Therefore, the crucial challenge is to extract, detect and correlate entities from a vast number of heterogeneous Web resources where the nature and quality of the content may vary heavily. While a wealth of information extraction tools aid this process, we believe that, the consolidation of automatically extracted data has to be treated as an equally important step in order to ensure high quality and non-ambiguity of generated data. In this paper we present an approach which is based on an iterative cycle exploiting Web data for (1) targeted archiving/crawling of Web objects, (2) entity extraction, and detection, and (3) entity correlation. The long-term goal is to preserve Web content over time and allow its navigation and analysis based on well-formed structured RDF data about entities.

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Content

Inhalt: Session 1 A: Theoretical Foundations of Knowledge Organization 1 Hanne Albrechtsen, Hans H K Andersen, Bryan Cleal and Annelise Mark Pejtersen: Categorical complexity in knowledge integration: empirical evaluation of a cross-cultural film research collaboratory; Clare Beghtol: Naive classification systems and the global information society; Terence R Smith and Marcia L Zeng: Concept maps supported by knowledge organization structures; B: Linguistic and Cultural Approaches to Knowledge Organization 1 Rebecca Green and Lydia Fraser: Patterns in verbal polysemy; Maria J López-Huertas, MarioBarite and Isabel de Torres: Terminological representation of specialized areas in conceptual structures: the case of gender studies; Fidelia Ibekwe-SanJuan and Eric SanJuan: Mining for knowledge chunks in a terminology network Session 2 A: Applications of Artificial Intelligence and Knowledge Representation 1 Jin-Cheon Na, Haiyang Sui, Christopher Khoo, Syin Chan and Yunyun Zhou: Effectiveness of simple linguistic processing in automatic sentiment classification of product reviews; Daniel J O'Keefe: Cultural literacy in a global information society-specific language: an exploratory ontological analysis utilizing comparative taxonomy; Lynne C Howarth: Modelling a natural language gateway to metadata-enabled resources; B: Theoretical Foundations of Knowledge Organization 2: Facets & Their Significance Ceri Binding and Douglas Tudhope: Integrating faceted structure into the search process; Vanda Broughton and Heather Lane: The Bliss Bibliographic Classification in action: moving from a special to a universal faceted classification via a digital platform; Kathryn La Barre: Adventures in faceted classification: a brave new world or a world of confusion? Session 3 A: Theoretical Foundations of Knowledge Organization 3 Elin K Jacob: The structure of context: implications of structure for the creation of context in information systems; Uta Priss: A semiotic-conceptual framework for knowledge representation Giovanni M Sacco; Accessing multimedia infobases through dynamic taxonomies; Joseph T Tennis: URIS and intertextuality: incumbent philosophical commitments in the development of the semantic web; B: Social & Sociological Concepts in Knowledge Organization Grant Campbell: A queer eye for the faceted guy: how a universal classification principle can be applied to a distinct subculture; Jonathan Furner and Anthony W Dunbar: The treatment of topics relating to people of mixed race in bibliographic classification schemes: a critical ace-theoretic approach; H Peter Ohly: The organization of Internet links in a social science clearing house; Chern Li Liew: Cross-cultural design and usability of a digital library supporting access to Maori cultural heritage resources: an examination of knowledge organization issues; Session 4 A: Knowledge Organization of Universal and Special Systems 1: Dewey Decimal Classification Sudatta Chowdhury and G G Chowdhury: Using DDC to create a visual knowledge map as an aid to online information retrieval; Joan S Mitchell: DDC 22: Dewey in the world, the world in Dewey; Diane Vizine-Goetz and Julianne Beall: Using literary warrant to define a version of the DDCfor automated classification services; B: Applications in Knowledge Representation 2 Gerhard J A Riesthuis and Maja Zumer: FRBR and FRANAR: subject access; Victoria Frâncu: An interpretation of the FRBR model; Moshe Y Sachs and Richard P Smiraglia: From encyclopedism to domain-based ontology for knowledge management: the evolution of the Sachs Classification (SC); Session 5 A: Knowledge Organization of Universal and Special Systems 2 Ágnes Hajdu Barát: Knowledge organization of the Universal Decimal Classification: new solutions, user friendly methods from Hungary; Ia C McIlwaine: A question of place; Aida Slavic and Maria Inês Cordeiro: Core requirements for automation of analytico-synthetic classifications;

Footnote

Das Rahmenthema der Tagung kam aufgrund des vor und nach der ISKO-Konferenz abgehaltenen "UN World Summit an an Information Society" zustande. Im Titel des Buches ist die "globale Wissensgesellschaft" freilich eher irreführend, da keiner der darin abgedruckten Beiträge zentral davon handelt. Der eine der beiden Vorträge, die den Begriff selbst im Titel anführen, beschäftigt sich mit der Konstruktion einer Taxonomie für "cultural literacy" (O'Keefe), der andere mit sogenannten "naiven Klassifikationssystemen" (Beghtol), d.h. solchen, die im Gegensatz zu "professionellen" Systemen von Personen ohne spezifisches Interesse an klassifikatorischen Fragen entwickelt wurden. Beiträge mit "multi-kulti"-Charakter behandeln etwa Fragen wie - kulturübergreifende Arbeit, etwa beim EU-Filmarchiv-Projekt Collate (Albrechtsen et al.) oder einem Projekt zur Maori-Kultur (Liew); - Mehrsprachigkeit bzw. Übersetzung, z.B. der koreanischen Dezimalklassifikation (Kwasnik & Chun), eines auf der Sears ListofSubject Headings basierenden slowenischen Schlagwortvokabulars (Zalokar), einer spanisch-englischen Schlagwortliste für Gesundheitsfragen (Rosemblat et al.); - universelle Klassifikationssysteme wie die Dewey-Dezimalklassifikation (Joan Mitchell über die DDC 22, sowie zwei weitere Beiträge) und die Internationale Dezimalklassifikation (la McIlwaine über Geographika, Nancy Williamson über Alternativ- und Komplementärmedizin in der UDC). Unter den 55 Beiträgen finden sich folgende - aus der Sicht des Rezensenten - besonders interessante thematische "Cluster": - OPAC-orientierte Beiträge, etwa über die Anforderungen bei derAutomatisierung analytisch-synthetischer Klassifikationssysteme (Slavic & Cordeiro) sowie Beiträge zu Benutzerforschung und -verhalten (Lee & Clyde; Miller); - Erschliessung und Retrieval von visuellen bzw. multimedialen Ressourcen, insbesondere mit Ausrichtung auf Thesauri (Hudin; Garcia Jimenez & De Valle Gastaminza; Rafferty & Hidderley); - Thesaurus-Standards (Dextre Clark et al.), Thesauri und Endbenutzer (Shiri & Revie); - Automatisches Klassifizieren (Vizine-Goetz & Beall mit Bezug auf die DDC; Na et al. über methodische Ansätze bei der Klassifizierung von Produktbesprechungen nach positiven bzw. negativen Gefühlsäusserungen); - Beiträge über (hierzulande) weniger bekannte Systeme wie Facettenklassifikation einschliesslich der Bliss-Klassifikation sowie der Umsetzung der Ideen von Ranganathan durch E.J. Coates (vier Vorträge), die Sachs-Klassifikation (Sachs & Smiraglia) sowie M. S. van der Walts Schema zur Klassifizierung elektronischer Dokumente in Klein- und Mittelbetrieben. Auch die übrigen Beiträge sind mehrheitlich interessant geschrieben und zeugen vom fachlichen Qualitätsstandard der ISKO-Konferenzen. Der Band kann daher bibliothekarischen bzw. informationswissenschaftlichen Ausbildungseinrichtungen sowie Bibliotheken mit Sammelinteresse für Literatur zu Klassifikationsfragen ausdrücklich empfohlen werden. Ausserdem darf der nächsten (= neunten) internationalen ISKO-Konferenz, die 2006 in Wien abgehalten werden soll, mit Interesse entgegengesehen werden.

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Footnote

Rez. in: JASIST 56(2005) no.6, S.658-659 (L..E. Harris): "The twenty-eight essays in Benchmarks in Distance Education chronicle the historically significant developments of library and information science's (LIS) tradition in distance education, also known as distributed learning. Twenty-seven programs are represented in the text, geographically ranging from C. Herbert Carson's "The University of Rhode Island Regional Program Distance Education in New England" to Leigh Estabrook's "Distance Education at the University of Illinois" to Violet H. Harada's "Distance Learning at the University of Hawai'i: Serving the Underserved in an Island State." There are discussions of programs for individual institutions, such as "A Tradition of Innovation: The Syracuse University Experience," by Ruth V. Small and Barbara Settel; for statewide programs, such as "OhioLEARN: Distributed Education in Library and Information Science at Kent State University," by Danny P. Wallace and Connie Van Fleet; for cross-state joint programs, such as Mary Wagner and Prudence Dalrymple's "Dominican University (River Forest, IL) and the College of St. Catherine (St. Paul, MN) Distance Learning Experience; and even discussions of separate programs within the same state, such as Jane Pearlmutter's "Distance Education at the University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Library and Information Studies" and "The Evolution of Distance Learning at the School of Information Studies, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee" by Wilfred Fong, Judith Senkevitch, and Dietmar Wolfram. Each essay was independently written and varies widely in format, designation of key issues, and comprehensiveness. Some place the development of distance education in the context of the historical development of LIS in the specific institution. Others focus an the technology, while still others approach the discussion from a pedagogical perspective. Alma Dawson, in "The School of Library and Information Science at Louisiana State University: Distance Education Program," provides a chronological timetable of specific course offerings from 1947 and includes a projected listing of courses through 2007 in a set of appendices. Barron's "Introduction" provides a useful framework for approaching the benchmark cases. First, there is a synthesized definition of distance education "as the study and practice of education in environments where the learner and teacher are separated by time and distance but are connected by technology and commitmenC (p. xi). He goes an to clarify terminology: "Distance education can be argued to be a subset of a more comprehensive concept, distributed education, a term that is generally accepted as referring to all elements of the academic experience that is enhanced by information technology applications" (p. xi). The introduction is completed through an historical overview of early technological efforts in LIS distance education, including correspondence study, extension efforts, and telecommunication delivery. The volume concludes with an index useful to locating specific topical information located through the essays. Despite (or perhaps as a result of) the depth and breadth of the case studies, this reviewer found nine common threads, which are repeated in some shape or form within each essay: - Technology - Pedagogy - Faculty issues - Political/organization/institutional concerns - Student issues - Support services - Economic considerations - Research and evaluation - The future of LIS distance education ...
Overall, the value of this volume cannot be disputed. The case studies provide a rich historical tapestry, not only of the evolution of LIS distance education specifically, but of the role LIS has played in the development of distance education, or distributed learning, in general. Researchers in LIS and distance education will find an historical context in which to place their current work. Students in LIS will benefit from exposure to the various models and paths of development for distance education. There are undoubtedly more than the ten threads of interest relevant to LIS distance education, and what is essential is the continued discussion of these and other elements. LIS must attend to the unanswered questions regarding distance education; the questions only hinted at in this broad array of institution-specific essays. Hopefully, these benchmarks are just the first to be preserved. Further editions of Benchmarks in Distance Education: The LIS Experience need to, indeed must, be written to further elucidate, illustrate, and preserve the LIS heritage."

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Abstract

One of the major challenges of digital archiving is how to deal with changing technologies and changing user communities. On the one hand software, hardware and (multimedia) data formats that become obsolete and are not supported anymore still need to be kept accessible. On the other hand changing user communities necessitate technical means to formalize, detect and measure knowledge evolution. Furthermore, digital archival records are usually not deleted from the AIS and therefore, the amount of digitally archived (multimedia) content can be expected to grow rapidly. Therefore, efficient storage management solutions geared to the fact that cultural heritage is not as frequently accessed like up-to-date content residing in a digital library are required. Software and hardware needs to be tightly connected based on sophisticated knowledge representation and management models in order to face that challenge. In line with the above, contributions to the workshop should focus on, but are not limited to:
Semantic search & semantic information retrieval in digital archives and digital libraries Semantic multimedia archives Ontologies & linked data for digital archives and digital libraries Ontologies & linked data for multimedia archives Implementations and evaluations of semantic digital archives Visualization and exploration of digital content User interfaces for semantic digital libraries User interfaces for intelligent multimedia information retrieval User studies focusing on end-user needs and information seeking behavior of end-users Theoretical and practical archiving frameworks using Semantic (Web) technologies Logical theories for digital archives Semantic (Web) services implementing the OAIS standard Semantic or logical provenance models for digital archives or digital libraries Information integration/semantic ingest (e.g. from digital libraries) Trust for ingest and data security/integrity check for long-term storage of archival records Semantic extensions of emulation/virtualization methodologies tailored for digital archives Semantic long-term storage and hardware organization tailored for AIS Migration strategies based on Semantic (Web) technologies Knowledge evolution We expect new insights and results for sustainable technical solutions for digital archiving using knowledge management techniques based on semantic technologies. The workshop emphasizes interdisciplinarity and aims at an audience consisting of scientists and scholars from the digital library, digital archiving, multimedia technology and semantic web community, the information and library sciences, as well as, from the social sciences and (digital) humanities, in particular people working on the mentioned topics. We encourage end-users, practitioners and policy-makers from cultural heritage institutions to participate as well.