Search (14 results, page 1 of 1)

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Abstract

Das Buch ist ein umfassendes Kompendium der Inhaltserschließung. Es informiert gleichermaßen kompetent über theoretische Grundlagen und Methoden der inhaltlichen Erschließung wie auch über die im praktischen Einsatz auftretenden Probleme der Fragen und zeigt Wege zu ihrer Lösung auf. Der Wert eines Thesaurus als Basis geordneten Wissens wird ebenso behandelt wie verschiedene Arten klassifikatorischer Systeme und ihre Handhabung beim Aufbau von Datenbanken und Dokumentationen. Indexierungspraxis und ihre Auswirkung auf die Qualität der Dokumentation und die späteren Retrievalmöglichkeiten werden in einer leichtnachvollziehbaren, aus gründlicher Überlegung und intensiver praktischer Erfahrung rührenden Form vermittelt. Das Buch eignet sich gleichermaßen als Lehrbuch an Hochschulen wie auch als Nachschlagewerk, Ratgeber und Entscheidungshilfe in der praktischen Arbeit, wozu auch das ungewöhnlich ausführliche Register beiträgt

Footnote

Rez. in: Password 1999, H.7/8, S.26-27 (W.G. Stock)

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Abstract

In der linearen Struktur eines natursprachigen Textes sind zwangsläufig viele syntaktisch verknüpfte Begriffe getrennt. Dier hierdurch bedingte Mangel an Ordnung zwingt dazu, einen Text von Anfang bis zu Ende durchzulesen, bevor man einen Überblick über das Umfeld eines gesuchten begriffes gewonnen hat. Noch im letzten Satz kann hierzu eine wichtige Aussage gemacht worden sein. Hat man in einem Informationssystem eine kategorisierte Indexsprache zur Verfügung, so lassen sich im Interesse eines besseren Überblickes und einer höheren Ordnung die zusammengehörenden Begriffe eines Textes nach einfachen Regeln zweidimensional gruppieren

Content

Mit dem Vorschlag eines sog. 'Positionsindexates', um den Kontext zu ermitteln, in dem Begriffe im Dokument vorkommen

Series

Fortschritte in der Wissensorganisation; Bd.4

Source

Analogie in der Wissensrepräsentation: Case-Based Reasoning und räumliche Modelle. 4. Tagung der deutschen Sektion der Internationalen Gesellschaft für Wissensorganisation, Trier, 17.-20. Oktober 1995. Hrsg.: H. Czap u.a

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Classification

AN 95100 Allgemeines / Buch- und Bibliothekswesen, Informationswissenschaft / Informationswissenschaft / Informationspraxis / Referieren, Klassifizieren, Indexieren

Footnote

Rez. in: ABI-Technik 12(1992) Nr.4, S.387-388 (H. Nohr); Knowledge organization 21(1994) no.2, S.107-108 (E. Oeser)

RVK

AN 95100 Allgemeines / Buch- und Bibliothekswesen, Informationswissenschaft / Informationswissenschaft / Informationspraxis / Referieren, Klassifizieren, Indexieren

Series

Fortschritte in der Wissensorganisation; Bd.1

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Footnote

Bericht und zusammenfassende Kommentierung der 4th International ISKO Conference, Washington, July 15-18, 1996.

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Source

Subject indexing: principles and practices in the 90's. Proceedings of the IFLA Satellite Meeting Held in Lisbon, Portugal, 17-18 August 1993, and sponsored by the IFLA Section on Classification and Indexing and the Instituto da Biblioteca Nacional e do Livro, Lisbon, Portugal. Ed.: R.P. Holley et al

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Abstract

The human's expressing general concepts in uncontrolled natural language, his information need, and meaning recognition in and essence selection from texts are indeterminate processes and therefore defy any satisfactory formalization and programming. Where the equivalence or even superiority of algorithmic approaches to these golas has been claimed, the authors have worked under artificial, experimental conditions and/or have in their evaluation referred to those approaches that are far from exploiting the capabilities of intellectual content analysis, representation and query phrasing

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Abstract

Traditionally, database indexing and book indexing have been looked upon as being quite distinct and have been kept apart in textbooks and teaching. The traditional borderline between both variations of indexing, however, should not conceal fundamental commonalities of the two approaches. For example, theausurus construction and usage, quite common in databases, has hardly been encountered in book indexing so far. Database indexing, on the other hand, has hardly made use of subheadings of the syntax-displaying type, quite common in book indexing. Most database users also prefer precombining vocabulary units and reject concept analysis. However, insisting on precombining descriptors in a large database vocabulary may, in the long run, well be destructive to the quality, of indexing and of the searches. A complementary approach is conceivable which provides both precombinations and analyzed subjects, both index language syntax and subheadings, and provides access to an information system via precombinations, without jeopardizing the manageability of the vocabulary. Such an approach causes considerable costs in input because it involves a great deal of intellectual work. On the other hand, much time and costs will be saved in the use of the system. In addition, such an approach would endow an information system with survival power

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Abstract

The low effectiveness of most current information systems has often been pointed out and deplored. A number of misconceptions and experiments under unrealistic conditions have contributed to the faulty design and evaluation of information systems. The postulate of representational predictibility can help to clarify some of the still pending issues as there are the strenghts and limitations of uncontrolled natural language text in retrieval systems, factors for their evaluation, the reliability, consistency, and exhaustivity of indexing, the postulated 'inverse precision-recall relationship', and the usefulness of syntactical evices. The performance of information systems can be imporved if representational predictibility is aimed at in their design and operational use

Series

Advances in knowledge organization; vol.4

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Abstract

The comparative evaluation of different mechanized information systems continues to constitute a controversial topic in the literature. Diametrically differemt opinions, seemingly corroborated through empirical evidence, have been presented since the time of the Cranfield experiments. For literally anything an empirical 'proof' can be submitted provided that suitable examples are selected and methods are chosen. substantial advance in Library and Information Science requires abandoning empiricism. Budd's 'hermeneutic phenomenoloy' seems to constitute a promising substitute

Footnote

Dedicated to Dr. Ingetraut Dahlberg on the occasion of her retirement from ISKO presidency, in recognition of her merits for the foundation of ISKO and of her untiring efforts for its sustainment

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Abstract

Contemporary research in information science has concentrated on the development of methods for the algorithmic processing of natural language texts. Often, the equivalence of this approach to the intellectual technique of content analysis and indexing is claimed. It is, however, disregarded that contemporary intellectual techniques are far from exploiting their full capabilities. This is largely due to the omission of vocabulary categorisation. It is demonstrated how categorisation can drastically improve the quality of indexing and classification, and, hence, of retrieval

Series

Advances in knowledge organization; vol.1

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Abstract

The tight adherence to dogmas, created and advocated by authorities and disseminated through hearsay, constitutes an impediment to the progress badly needed in view of the low effectiveness of the vast majority of our bibliographic information systems. The Italian mathematician and physicist Galileo has become famous not only for his discoveries but also for his being exposed to the rejective and even hostile attitude on the part of his contemporaries when he contradicted several dogmas prevailing at that time. This obstructive attitude can be traced throughout the centuries and manifests itself in the field of modern information science, too. An example is the allegedly necessary, inevitable precision/recall relationship, as most recently postulated again by Lancaster (1994). It is believed to be confirmed by emprical evidence, with other empirical evidence to the contrary being neglected. This case even constitutes an example of the suppression of truth in the interest of upholding a dogma

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Abstract

The contents of scientific and technical handbooks often needs fast, reliable and precise subject access, even if the searcher is not familiar with the terminology of the book and has not read it beforehand. This requires careful and expert subject indexing in a highly specific indexing vocabulary, as well as the presentation of the resulting index in a lucid, conceptually transparent manner in print and on disk. Index users, when looking up a general subject heading, often ignore the necessity of looking up the appertaining hierarchically subordinate, more specific subject headings, too. They are either not made aware of these subject headings or their use is felt to be too cumbersome. A classifies approach to computerized subject indexing is described which resembles Ranganathan's Classified Catalogue. Through a variety of peculiarities it leads the searcher rapidly and easily to all subject headings related to a primarily chosen one, and to the postings under all these headings

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Abstract

Both classification systems and thesauri have their specific strengths and weaknesses. Through properly combining both approaches one can eliminate the latter and largely preserve the strenghts. 'Classauri' which originate in this well-known way are most effective if they are constructed and applied during computer-aided indexing. A special variety of classaurus is described which is characterized by the employment of simple bur highly effective conceptual and technical devices and by the renunciation of attempts to generate the wording of index entries algorithmically

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Footnote

Vgl. auch das deutsche Pendant: 'Theoretische Grundlagen der Indexierungspraxis'. - Rez. in: Knowledge organization 21(1994) no.1, S.43-44 (J. Dietze); Journal of documentation 50(1994) no.2, S.149-152 (F.W. Lancaster); Documentaliste 31(1994) no.3, S.189 (J. Maniez); Australian library review 11(1994) no.3, S.369-370 (C. Sturt)