Search (28 results, page 1 of 2)

  • × author_ss:"Oppenheim, C."
  1. Oppenheim, C.: ¬An agenda for action to achieve the information society in the UK (1996) 0.01 
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    Abstract
    Discusses ways in which government can play a important role in shaping national policies for a nation's information infrastructure. Considers such factors as the development of national policies for: supporting the development of electronic information services; privacy and data protection; copyright; and public libraries and national libraries
    Source
    Journal of information science. 22(1996) no.6, S.407-421
  2. Oppenheim, C.: Electronic scholarly publishing and open access (2009) 0.01 
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    Abstract
    A review of recent developments in electronic publishing, with a focus on Open Access (OA) is provided. It describes the two main types of OA, i.e. the `gold' OA journal route and the 'green' repository route, highlighting the advantages and disadvantages of the two, and the reactions of the publishing industry to these developments. Quality, cost and copyright issues are explored, as well as some of the business models of OA. It is noted that whilst so far there is no evidence that a shift to OA will lead to libraries cancelling subscriptions to toll-access journals, this may happen in the future, and that despite the apparently compelling reasons for authors to move to OA, so far few have shown themselves willing to do so. Conclusions about the future of scholarly publications are drawn.
    Date
    8. 7.2010 19:22:45
    Source
    Information science in transition, Ed.: A. Gilchrist
  3. Norris, M.; Oppenheim, C.: ¬The h-index : a broad review of a new bibliometric indicator (2010) 0.01 
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    Abstract
    Purpose - This review aims to show, broadly, how the h-index has become a subject of widespread debate, how it has spawned many variants and diverse applications since first introduced in 2005 and some of the issues in its use. Design/methodology/approach - The review drew on a range of material published in 1990 or so sources published since 2005. From these sources, a number of themes were identified and discussed ranging from the h-index's advantages to which citation database might be selected for its calculation. Findings - The analysis shows how the h-index has quickly established itself as a major subject of interest in the field of bibliometrics. Study of the index ranges from its mathematical underpinning to a range of variants perceived to address the indexes' shortcomings. The review illustrates how widely the index has been applied but also how care must be taken in its application. Originality/value - The use of bibliometric indicators to measure research performance continues, with the h-index as its latest addition. The use of the h-index, its variants and many applications to which it has been put are still at the exploratory stage. The review shows the breadth and diversity of this research and the need to verify the veracity of the h-index by more studies.
    Date
    8. 1.2011 19:22:13
  4. Oppenheim, C.: Intellectual property : legal and other issues (1997) 0.01 
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    Abstract
    The rapidly increasing volume and variety of electronic or digitized information sources and their accessibility worldwide, have brought to the surface new issues concerning intellectual property, the complexity of the related legal questions and application of legislative measures in real world situations. Attemps to define 'intellectual property' from different points of view; considers the different types with different 'strengths' of protection, and the underlying objectives of such protection. Discusses copyright and international treaties on intellectual property, what is protected and for how long, the concept of fair use and the role of organizations concerned with reproduction rights. Presents a brief overview of the intellectual property questions relating to electronic media: machine readable databases, the information resources on the Internet, and images; electrocopying and downloading of texts and images from networks; and the special nature and copyright problems of multimedia. Also considers moral rights and the need for and feasibility of establishing Electronic Copyright Management System (ECMS)
    Source
    Information studies. 3(1997) no.1, S.5-22
  5. Oppenheim, C.: ¬The implications of copyright legislation for electronic access to journal collections (1994) 0.00 
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    Source
    Journal of document and text management. 2(1994) no.1, S.10-22
  6. Oppenheim, C.: Electronic copyright and the law librarian (1994) 0.00 
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    Abstract
    Covers issues concerned with copyright in machine readable records such as electronic databases and their usage. computer software and electrocopying. Considers the position regarding copyright in abstracts, and whether online databases can be considered literary works. Highlights some key court cases concerning database and compilation copyright in both the US and Europe. Notes the complex copyright implications of multimedia information delivery, and particular concerns over the copying and piracy of computer software. A European directive on database copyright is in preparation
  7. Grainger-Smith, N.; Oppenheim, C.: ¬The role of information systems and technology (IS/IT) in investment banks (1994) 0.00 
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    Abstract
    Considers the role of information systems and information technology (IT) within investment banks, based upon a survey of the literature and a small scale case study. Considers whether investment banks receive value for money from their investment in IT, and ways in which IT can be evaluated for its contribution to profitability. Concludes that failure to implement techniques for systematically identifying and qualifying IT costs and benefits has mede it difficult for them to determine the level of added value resulting from such investment and the contribution of IT towards the bottom line. Considers also what role technology plays in the strategic management process and concludes that it is essential to incorporate both information and IT strategy into the strategic management process, to ensue that IT is cooncentrated in those areas in which it cann add most value. Finally, considers the potential for deriving competitive advantage from IT
  8. Oppenheim, C.: ¬The applications of virtual reality : pt.1.2 (1993) 0.00 
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    Abstract
    Considers virtual reality and the applications of virtual reality that information workers will need to assimilate in the next decade or so. Considers possible applications in the library and information world, for example the extension of the notion of the virtual library using virtual reality
  9. Oppenheim, C.: Recent EC initiatives on copyright (1993) 0.00 
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    Abstract
    Reviews the EC Draft Directive on Database Copyright, due to be approved in 1994
  10. Oppenheim, C.: Document delivery and electronic copyright : what is copyright? (1995) 0.00 
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    Abstract
    Examines copyright from an international perspective, looking at what constitutes copyright in different countries; the rights enjoyed by a copyright; owner; infringement by restricted acts; existing international and European treaties; electronic copyright and contracts; the definition of literary works; and fair dealing. Focuses in particular on the implications of electronic document delivery. Copyright law does not keep up with technical developments, making publishers nervous of the new technologies. In the light of the Follett Report the time seems right for a radical rethink, and the various parties involved should grasp this opportunity
  11. Oppenheim, C.: ¬The legal problems associated with electronic copyright management systems (1996) 0.00 
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    Abstract
    Outlines existing treaties and legislation relating to copyright such as the Berne Convention, the Unfair Contract Terms Act and the concept of fair dealing. Assesses the role of Electronic Copyright Management Systems (ECMS) in protecting holders of rights; their relationship to the law in the UK, USA, and Europe; and their value in providing an agreed framework between libraries, users and publishers, so that the concept of the 'electronic' library can become a reality
  12. Harry, V.; Oppenheim, C.: Evaluation of electronic databases : pt.2: testing CD-ROM products (1993) 0.00 
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    Abstract
    Describes some evaluations which were carried out using the criteria discussed in pt.1 and set out on standard test forms. The purpose of the criteria was to assess the validity of the criteria and the test forms. Products were chosen from 4 suppliers: 2 major CD-ROM producers; SilverPlatter and W.H. Wilson; and 2 smaller suppliers: CMC ReSearch and Chadwyck-Healey
    Footnote
    Pt.1 in: 17(1993) no.4, S.211-222. - Vgl. auch: Rowley u. Slack in: Online and CD-ROM review 21(1997) no.1
  13. Oppenheim, C.: Using the h-Index to rank influential British researchers in information science and librarianship (2007) 0.00 
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    Abstract
    The recently developed h-index has been applied to the literature produced by senior British-based academics in librarianship and information science. The majority of those evaluated currently hold senior positions in UK information science and librarianship departments; however, a small number of staff in other departments and retired "founding fathers" were analyzed as well. The analysis was carried out using the Web of Science (Thomson Scientific, Philadelphia, PA) for the years from 1992 to October 2005, and included both secondauthored papers and self-citations. The top-ranking British information scientist, Peter Willett, has an h-index of 31. However, it was found that Eugene Garfield, the founder of modern citation studies, has an even higher h-index of 36. These results support other studies suggesting that the h-index is a useful tool in the armory of bibliometrics.
  14. Johnson, B.; Oppenheim, C.: How socially connected are citers to those that they cite? (2007) 0.00 
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    Abstract
    Purpose - The purpose of this paper is to report an investigation into the social and citation networks of three information scientists: David Nicholas, Peter Williams and Paul Huntington. Design/methodology/approach - Similarities between citation patterns and social closeness were identified and discussed. A total of 16 individuals in the citation network were identified and investigated using citation analysis, and a matrix formed of citations made between those in the network. Social connections between the 16 in the citation network were then investigated by means of a questionnaire, the results of which were merged into a separate matrix. These matrices were converted into visual social networks, using multidimensional scaling. A new deviance measure was devised for drawing comparisons between social and citation closeness in individual cases. Findings - Nicholas, Williams and Huntington were found to have cited 527 authors in the period 2000-2003, the 16 most cited becoming the subjects of further citation and social investigation. This comparison, along with the examination of visual representations indicates a positive correlation between social closeness and citation counts. Possible explanations for this correlation are discussed, and implications considered. Despite this correlation, the information scientists were found to cite widely outside their immediate social connections. Originality/value - Social network analysis has not been often used in combination with citation analysis to explore inter-relationships in research teams.
  15. Oppenheim, C.; Morris, A.; McKnight, C.: ¬The evaluation of WWW search engines (2000) 0.00 
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    Abstract
    The literature of the evaluation of Internet search engines is reviewed. Although there have been many studies, there has been little consistency in the way such studies have been carried out. This problem is exacerbated by the fact that recall is virtually impossible to calculate in the fast changing Internet environment, and therefore the traditional Cranfield type of evaluation is not usually possible. A variety of alternative evaluation methods has been suggested to overcome this difficulty. The authors recommend that a standardised set of tools is developed for the evaluation of web search engines so that, in future, comparisons can be made between search engines more effectively, and that variations in performance of any given search engine over time can be tracked. The paper itself does not provide such a standard set of tools, but it investigates the issues and makes preliminary recommendations of the types of tools needed
  16. Oppenheim, C.: Do citations count? : Citation indexing and the Research Assessment Exercise (RAE) (1996) 0.00 
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    Abstract
    Citations are used to illustrate or elaborate on a point, or to criticize. Citation studies, based on ISI's citation indexes, can help evaluate scientific research, while impact factors aid libraries in deciding which journals to cancel or purchase. Suggests that citiation counts can replace the costly RAE in assessing the research output of university departments
  17. Harry, V.; Oppenheim, C.: Evaluation of electronic databases : pt.1: criteria for testing CD-ROM products (1993) 0.00 
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    Abstract
    Suggests criteria to be used in evaluating CD-ROM databases and a practical method for testing the products according to these criteria. The criteria are formulated around the basic principles of: consistency; efficient use of time; simplicity; objectivity; and flexibility
    Footnote
    Vgl. auch: Rowley u. Slack in: Online and CD-ROM review 21(1997) no.1
  18. Eager, C.; Oppenheim, C.: ¬An observational method for undertaking user needs studies (1996) 0.00 
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    Abstract
    The study of information needs has long be acknowlegded as one of the most important factors in the design of information services but has been hampered by the severe problem of designing user studies that will reliably measure them. Reviews the literature of previous research in this field, concluding that time and money are the chief constraints on information seeking behaviour. Describes a new observational technique for identifying the information needs of users and reports results of a small scale experiment to test the methodology. The observational technique involves the researcher being with the subject continuously throughout the day and observing their actions. The behaviour recorded was any action taken in order to answer a question. A small scale study was undertaken of 3 academics from the Psychology Department, University of Strathclyde, using the observational technique. The preferred technique of all the academics was to carry out their own research, followed by consultation with other individuals. One lecturer was a significantly heavier user of electronic media than the other two. The preferred physical locations of the information sources were personal collections and the University Library. One lecturer consistently used a wide range of sources while the other two strongly preferred to use personal contacts. Informal sources were found to be twice as popular as formal sources. A follow up questionnaire survey examined the possibility that previous training in the use of the library could explain the differences in the use of electronic information sources but results were found to be negative. Concludes that the new research tool developed for this type of study is both robust and likely to yield reliable information about user information needs
  19. Levitt, J.M.; Thelwall, M.; Oppenheim, C.: Variations between subjects in the extent to which the social sciences have become more interdisciplinary (2011) 0.00 
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    Abstract
    Increasing interdisciplinarity has been a policy objective since the 1990s, promoted by many governments and funding agencies, but the question is: How deeply has this affected the social sciences? Although numerous articles have suggested that research has become more interdisciplinary, yet no study has compared the extent to which the interdisciplinarity of different social science subjects has changed. To address this gap, changes in the level of interdisciplinarity since 1980 are investigated for subjects with many articles in the Social Sciences Citation Index (SSCI), using the percentage of cross-disciplinary citing documents (PCDCD) to evaluate interdisciplinarity. For the 14 SSCI subjects investigated, the median level of interdisciplinarity, as measured using cross-disciplinary citations, declined from 1980 to 1990, but rose sharply between 1990 and 2000, confirming previous research. This increase was not fully matched by an increase in the percentage of articles that were assigned to more than one subject category. Nevertheless, although on average the social sciences have recently become more interdisciplinary, the extent of this change varies substantially from subject to subject. The SSCI subject with the largest increase in interdisciplinarity between 1990 and 2000 was Information Science & Library Science (IS&LS) but there is evidence that the level of interdisciplinarity of IS&LS increased less quickly during the first decade of this century.
  20. Oppenheim, C.; Stuart, D.: Is there a correlation between investment in an academic library and a higher education institution's ratings in the Research Assessment Exercise? (2004) 0.00 
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    Abstract
    Investigates whether a correlation exists between a UK university's academic excellence, as judged by its Research Assessment Exercise (RAE) ratings, and the amount spent on its library. Considers both macro and micro levels, looking at institutions as a whole, and on a departmental level within the area of archaeology. As well as comparing all the higher education institutions, this group is broken down further, comparing the ratings and spending of the Russell and 94 Groups. There are correlations between the different groups of higher education institutions and RAE ratings. However, rather than high RAE ratings causing high library spending or high library spending causing high RAE ratings, it is likely that they are indirectly linked, good universities having both high RAE ratings and good libraries and poor universities having low RAE ratings and less money spent on libraries. Also describes how libraries in universities with archaeology departments allocate budgets.

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