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  • × subject_ss:"Information retrieval"
  1. Lancaster, F.W.: Vocabulary control for information retrieval (1986) 0.02 
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    Classification
    ST 271 Informatik / Monographien / Software und -entwicklung / Datenbanken, Datenbanksysteme, Data base management, Informationssysteme / Einzelne Datenbanksprachen und Datenbanksysteme
    Date
    22. 4.2007 10:07:51
    RVK
    ST 271 Informatik / Monographien / Software und -entwicklung / Datenbanken, Datenbanksysteme, Data base management, Informationssysteme / Einzelne Datenbanksprachen und Datenbanksysteme
  2. Franke, F; Klein, A.; Schüller-Zwierlein, A.: Schlüsselkompetenzen : Literatur recherchieren in Bibliotheken und Internet (2010) 0.02 
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    Abstract
    Tipps und Tricks für effizientes Recherchieren und fehlerfreies Zitieren - Unerlässlich im Studium und in vielen Berufen. Mit praktischen Recherchebeispielen, Checklisten, Infokästen, Abbildungen und GrafikenGewusst wie! Von der Auswahl der Datenbanken und Suchmaschinen, über den Einsatz der geeigneten Suchbegriffe und die Auswertung der Ergebnisse, bis hin zum korrekten Zitieren und dem Erstellen eigener Literaturlisten der Ratgeber demonstriert Schritt für Schritt, wie man die passende Literatur, z. B. für Seminar- und Hausarbeiten, findet und verarbeitet. Berücksichtigt werden dabei nicht nur gedruckte Quellen, wie Bücher, Zeitschriften und Zeitungen, sondern auch frei verfügbare oder lizenzpflichtige Internet-Ressourcen.
    Content
    Pressestimmen So bringt Literatursuche Lust statt Frust. www.literaturmarkt.info Dieser Ratgeber demonstriert Schritt für Schritt, wie man die passende Literatur, z.B. für Seminar- und Hausarbeiten, findet und verarbeitet. www.lehrerbibliothek.de Schlüsselkompetenzen: Literatur recherchieren in Bibliotheken und Internet führt Studenten in die Geheimnisse der Uni-Bibliothek ein. Das Buch liefert zudem Informationen über Online-Kataloge, Datenbanken, die Elektronische Zeitschriftenbibliothek (EZB) und die gängigen Suchmaschinen. www.stellenboersen.de Nützliches und höchst informatives Lehrbuch zu der Schlüsselkompetenz Literaturrecherche. Universitätsbibliothek Freiburg Gutes Recherchieren will gelernt sein, zumal in der heutigen Zeit, da das Informationsangebot ungeahnte Ausmaße angenommen hat und sich viele davon überfordert fühlen. Da nicht alle Hochschulen entsprechende Kurse anbieten, ist es gut, einen kundigen Ratgeber wie diesen zur Hand zu haben. STUDIUM Der Ratgeber besticht durch seinen übersichtlichen Aufbau und eignet sich deshalb auch als Nachschlagewerk. Zahlreiche Beispielrecherchen, Checklisten und Tipps zur Literatursuche erleichtern die Umsetzung des Gelesenen. ph akzente Im Zentrum steht nicht nur die Recherche, sondern ein umfassender Begriff der Informationskompetenz. Germanistik Der preisgünstige Band verdient eine nachdrückliche Kaufempfehlung bei Studierenden (und Lehrenden). Informationsmittel (IFB) : digitales Rezensionsorgan für Bibliotheken und Wissenschaft.
    Footnote
    Rez. in: ZfBB 58(2011) H.3/4, S.240-242 (S. Köppl)
  3. Stock, W.G.: Information Retrieval : Informationen suchen und finden (2007) 0.02 
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    Abstract
    Information Retrieval ist die Wissenschaft, die Technik und die Praxis des Suchens und Findens von Informationen. Drei Anwendungsfälle zeigen die Relevanz dieser Teildisziplin in der Informationswissenschaft und Informatik: Suchmaschinen im Internet, Recherchewerkzeuge in unternehmensinternen Netzwerken und elektronische Informationsdienste. Das Lehrbuch vermittelt umfassend und auf leicht verständliche Weise grundlegende Kenntnisse über Theorien, Modelle und Anwendungen des Information Retrieval. Stock stellt die Retrievalforschung als einheitliche Wissenschaftsdisziplin dar, die klassische Modelle sowie aktuelle Ansätze des Web Information Retrieval gleichermaßen umfasst. Neben dem Retrieval nach Texten behandelt das Buch weitere Medien wie Bilder, Videos, gesprochene Sprache und Musik.
    Classification
    AN 96000 Allgemeines / Buch- und Bibliothekswesen, Informationswissenschaft / Informationswissenschaft / Informationsvermittlung, Informationsplanung / Allgemeines
    ST 270 Informatik / Monographien / Software und -entwicklung / Datenbanken, Datenbanksysteme, Data base management, Informationssysteme
    Content
    Enthält die Kapitel: - Grundlagen der Informationswissenschaft Ziel der Buchreihe - Informationswissenschaft - Information und Wissen - Propädeutik des Information Retrieval Geschichte des Information Retrieval - Grundbegriffe des Information Retrieval - Relevanz und Pertinenz - Dokumente - Typologie von Retrievalsystemen - Architektur eines Retrievalsystems - Boolesche Retrievalsysteme Boolesches Retrieval - Informetrische Analysen - Erweitertes Boolesches Retrieval - Informationslinguistik - Natural Language Processing n-Gramme - Worte - Phrasen, Eigennamen, Komposita - Begriffe - Anaphora - Fehlertolerantes Retrieval - Klassische Retrievalmodelle Textstatistik - Vektorraummodell - Probabilistisches Modell - Web Information Retrieval Linktopologie - Strukturinformationen in Dokumenten - Nutzer und Nutzung - Themenentdeckung und -verfolgung - Spezialprobleme des Information Retrieval Soziale Netzwerke und "small worlds" - Kontrolliertes Vokabular - Sprachübergreifendes Retrieval - Anfragedialog - Retrieval von Textstellen - Bild- und Tonretrieval
    Footnote
    Rez. in: BuB 59(2007) H.3, S.238-239 (J. Plieninger): " ... Wertvoll ist bei Stocks »Information Retrieval« auch der Blick auf die Informationsbedürfnisse und das Verhalten der Benutzer. Er beschreibt auch daraus folgende unterschiedliche Fragestellungen für die Recherche, etwa ob es sich um ein konkretes Informationsbedürfnis handelt (Concrete Information Need - CIN) oder um ein problemorientiertes (Problem Oriented Information Need - POIN; Seite 51 f.). Das Buch geht über das hinaus, was man als Bibliothekar/in sonst auf dem Suchsektor zu lesen gewohnt ist - genau die richtige Mischung an Informationen zur vielgestaltigen Methodik, Hintergrundinformationen und Schilderung praktischer Anwendungsbereiche. Insofern stellt die Lektüre dieses grundlegenden Buches eine Bereicherung für alle dar, die mit der Recherche im weitesten Sinne zu tun haben: Neben Informationswissenschaftlern und Studierenden dieses Faches sind es vor allem Bibliothekare, die mit dem Suchen und Finden sowie der Schulung in diesem Bereich beauftragt sind."
    Weitere Rez. in: Information - Wissenschaft und Praxis 58(2007) H.5, S.318-319 (R. Ferber): "Mit Information Retrieval - Informationen suchen und finden von Wolfgang G. Stock liegt ein ca. 600-seitiges Lehrbuch aus dem Oldenbourg Verlag vor. Der Einleitung kann man entnehmen, dass es sich dabei nur um den ersten Band einer vierbändigen Reihe zur Informationswissenschaft handelt. Der Klappentext verspricht die umfassende Vermittlung grundlegender Kenntnisse über Theorien, Modelle und Anwendungen des Information Retrieval, dargestellt als einheitliche Wissenschaftsdisziplin, die klassische Modelle und aktuelle Ansätze des Web Information Retrieval umfasst. Wie sein Umfang bereits erwarten lässt, bietet das Buch einen breiten Zugang zum Thema Information Retrieval. Es ist in weiten Teilen in einem erzählenden und kommunikativen Stil geschrieben, der durch viele Beispiele und rhetorische Fragen den Zugang zum Thema erleichtert. . . . Insgesamt bietet das Buch eine gute und ausführliche Einführung in das Thema Information Retrieval. Seine Stärke sind die Breite der Quellen und dargestellten Ansätze, die ausführliche Einführung in die verschiedenen Themen, Fragestellungen und Lösungsansätze, insbesondere in den Bereichen Textstatistik und Informetrie. Es ist gut zu lesen, auch wenn man sich manchmal etwas mehr inhaltliche Stringenz wünschen würde. Die Merk(ab) sätze am Schluss jedes Kapitels erleichtern auch dem eiligen Leser die Orientierung in dem durchaus umfangreichen Werk."
    RVK
    AN 96000 Allgemeines / Buch- und Bibliothekswesen, Informationswissenschaft / Informationswissenschaft / Informationsvermittlung, Informationsplanung / Allgemeines
    ST 270 Informatik / Monographien / Software und -entwicklung / Datenbanken, Datenbanksysteme, Data base management, Informationssysteme
    Series
    Einführung in die Informationswissenschaft; Bd.1
  4. Gilchrist, A.: ¬The thesaurus in retrieval (1971) 0.02 
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    Classification
    AN 94200 Allgemeines / Buch- und Bibliothekswesen, Informationswissenschaft / Informationswissenschaft / Grundlagen, Theorie / Thesauruskunde
    RVK
    AN 94200 Allgemeines / Buch- und Bibliothekswesen, Informationswissenschaft / Informationswissenschaft / Grundlagen, Theorie / Thesauruskunde
    Theme
    Konzeption und Anwendung des Prinzips Thesaurus
  5. Blair, D.C.: Language and representation in information retrieval (1991) 0.02 
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    Abstract
    Information or Document Retrieval is the subject of this book. It is not an introductory book, although it is self-contained in the sense that it is not necessary to have a background in the theory or practice of Information Retrieval in order to understand its arguments. The book presents, as clearly as possible, one particular perspective on Information Retrieval, and attempts to say that certain aspects of the theory or practice of the management of documents are more important than others. The majority of Information Retrieval research has been aimed at the more experimentally tractable small-scale systems, and although much of that work has added greatly to our understanding of Information Retrieval it is becoming increasingly apparent that retrieval systems with large data bases of documents are a fundamentally different genre of systems than small-scale systems. If this is so, which is the thesis of this book, then we must now study large information retrieval systems with the same rigor and intensity that we once studied small-scale systems. Hegel observed that the quantitative growth of any system caused qualitative changes to take place in its structure and processes.
    Classification
    ES 930 Allgemeine und vergleichende Sprach- und Literaturwissenschaft. Indogermanistik. Außereuropäische Sprachen und Literaturen / Spezialbereiche der allgemeinen Sprachwissenschaft / Datenverarbeitung und Sprachwissenschaft. Computerlinguistik / Informationsbehandlung
    ST 271 Informatik / Monographien / Software und -entwicklung / Datenbanken, Datenbanksysteme, Data base management, Informationssysteme / Einzelne Datenbanksprachen und Datenbanksysteme
    AN 95000 Allgemeines / Buch- und Bibliothekswesen, Informationswissenschaft / Informationswissenschaft / Informationspraxis / Bibliographische Erfassung, Suchpraxis
    ST 270 Informatik / Monographien / Software und -entwicklung / Datenbanken, Datenbanksysteme, Data base management, Informationssysteme
    Footnote
    Rez. in: Library quarterly ( ), S.221-223 (S.P. Harter)
    RVK
    ES 930 Allgemeine und vergleichende Sprach- und Literaturwissenschaft. Indogermanistik. Außereuropäische Sprachen und Literaturen / Spezialbereiche der allgemeinen Sprachwissenschaft / Datenverarbeitung und Sprachwissenschaft. Computerlinguistik / Informationsbehandlung
    ST 271 Informatik / Monographien / Software und -entwicklung / Datenbanken, Datenbanksysteme, Data base management, Informationssysteme / Einzelne Datenbanksprachen und Datenbanksysteme
    AN 95000 Allgemeines / Buch- und Bibliothekswesen, Informationswissenschaft / Informationswissenschaft / Informationspraxis / Bibliographische Erfassung, Suchpraxis
    ST 270 Informatik / Monographien / Software und -entwicklung / Datenbanken, Datenbanksysteme, Data base management, Informationssysteme
  6. Chu, H.: Information representation and retrieval in the digital age (2010) 0.01 
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    Content
    Information representation and retrieval : an overview -- Information representation I : basic approaches -- Information representation II : related topics -- Language in information representation and retrieval -- Retrieval techniques and query representation -- Retrieval approaches -- Information retrieval models -- Information retrieval systems -- Retrieval of information unique in content or format -- The user dimension in information representation and retrieval -- Evaluation of information representation and retrieval -- Artificial intelligence in information representation and retrieval.
    Footnote
    Rez. in: JASIST 56(2005) no.2, S.215-216 (A. Heath): "What is small, thoroughly organized, and easy to understand? Well, it's Heting Chu's latest book an information retrieval. A very welcome release, this small literary addition to the field (only 248 pages) contains a concise and weIl-organized discussion of every major topic in information retrieval. The often-complex field of information retrieval is presented from its origin in the early 1950s to the present day. The organization of this text is top-notch, thus making this an easy read for even the novice. Unlike other titles in this area, Chu's user-friendly style of writing is done an purpose to properly introduce newcomers to the field in a less intimidating way. As stated by the author in the Preface, the purpose of the book is to "present a systematic, thorough yet nontechnical view of the field by using plain language to explain complex subjects." Chu has definitely struck up the right combination of ingredients. In a field so broad and complex, a well-organized presentation of topics that don't trip an themselves is essential. The use of plain language where possible is also a good choice for this topic because it allows one to absorb topics that are, by nature, not as easy to grasp. For instance, Chapters 6 and 7, which cover retrieval approaches and techniques, an often painstaking topic for many students and teachers is deftly handled with the use of tables that can be used to compare and contrast the various models discussed. I particularly loved Chu's use of Koll's 2000 article from the Bulletin of the American Society for Information Science to explain subject searching at the beginning of Chapter 6, which discusses the differences between browsing and searching. The Koll article uses the task of finding a needle in a haystack as an analogy.
    Chu's intent with this book is clear throughout the entire text. With this presentation, she writes with the novice in mind or as she puls it in the Preface, "to anyone who is interested in learning about the field, particularly those who are new to it." After reading the text, I found that this book is also an appropriate reference book for those who are somewhat advanced in the field. I found the chapters an information retrieval models and techniques, metadata, and AI very informative in that they contain information that is often rather densely presented in other texts. Although, I must say, the metadata section in Chapter 3 is pretty basic and contains more questions about the area than information. . . . It is an excellent book to have in the classroom, an your bookshelf, etc. It reads very well and is written with the reader in mind. If you are in need of a more advanced or technical text an the subject, this is not the book for you. But, if you are looking for a comprehensive, manual that can be used as a "flip-through," then you are in luck."
    Weitere Rez. in: Rez. in: nfd 55(2004) H.4, S.252 (D. Lewandowski):"Die Zahl der Bücher zum Thema Information Retrieval ist nicht gering, auch in deutscher Sprache liegen einige Titel vor. Trotzdem soll ein neues (englischsprachiges) Buch zu diesem Thema hier besprochen werden. Dieses zeichnet sich durch eine Kürze (nur etwa 230 Seiten Text) und seine gute Verständlichkeit aus und richtet sich damit bevorzugt an Studenten in den ersten Semestern. Heting Chu unterrichtet seit 1994 an Palmer School of Library and Information Science der Long Island University New York. Dass die Autorin viel Erfahrung in der Vermittlung des Stoffs in ihren Information-Retrieval-Veranstaltungen sammeln konnte, merkt man dem Buch deutlich an. Es ist einer klaren und verständlichen Sprache geschrieben und führt in die Grundlagen der Wissensrepräsentation und des Information Retrieval ein. Das Lehrbuch behandelt diese Themen als Gesamtkomplex und geht damit über den Themenbereich ähnlicher Bücher hinaus, die sich in der Regel auf das Retrieval beschränken. Das Buch ist in zwölf Kapitel gegliedert, wobei das erste Kapitel eine Übersicht über die zu behandelnden Themen gibt und den Leser auf einfache Weise in die Grundbegriffe und die Geschichte des IRR einführt. Neben einer kurzen chronologischen Darstellung der Entwicklung der IRR-Systeme werden auch vier Pioniere des Gebiets gewürdigt: Mortimer Taube, Hans Peter Luhn, Calvin N. Mooers und Gerard Salton. Dies verleiht dem von Studenten doch manchmal als trocken empfundenen Stoff eine menschliche Dimension. Das zweite und dritte Kapitel widmen sich der Wissensrepräsentation, wobei zuerst die grundlegenden Ansätze wie Indexierung, Klassifikation und Abstracting besprochen werden. Darauf folgt die Behandlung von Wissensrepräsentation mittels Metadaten, wobei v.a. neuere Ansätze wie Dublin Core und RDF behandelt werden. Weitere Unterkapitel widmen sich der Repräsentation von Volltexten und von Multimedia-Informationen. Die Stellung der Sprache im IRR wird in einem eigenen Kapitel behandelt. Dabei werden in knapper Form verschiedene Formen des kontrollierten Vokabulars und die wesentlichen Unterscheidungsmerkmale zur natürlichen Sprache erläutert. Die Eignung der beiden Repräsentationsmöglichkeiten für unterschiedliche IRR-Zwecke wird unter verschiedenen Aspekten diskutiert.
    Die Kapitel fünf bis neun widmen sich dann ausführlich dem Information Retrieval. Zuerst werden grundlegende Retrievaltechniken vorgestellt und ihre Vor- und Nachteile dargestellt. Aus der Sicht des Nutzers von IR-Systemen wird der Prozess des Bildens einer Suchanfrage diskutiert und die damit verbundenen Probleme aufgezeigt. Im sechsten Kapitel werden die Retrieval-Ansätze Suchen und Browsen gegenübergestellt, entsprechende Suchstrategien aufgezeigt und schließlich Ansätze diskutiert, die suchen und browsen zu integrieren versuchen. Das siebte Kapitel beschäftigt sich dann mit dem, was den Kern der meisten IRBücher ausmacht: den IR-Modellen. Diese werden kurz vorgestellt, auf Formeln wird weitgehend verzichtet. Dies ist jedoch durchaus als Vorteil zu sehen, denn gerade Studienanfängern bereitet das Verständnis der IR-Modelle aufgrund deren Komplexität oft Schwierigkeiten. Nach der Lektüre dieses Kapitels wird man zwar nicht im Detail über die verschiedenen Modelle Bescheid wissen, wird sie jedoch kennen und einordnen können.
    In Kapitel acht werden unterschiedliche Arten von IR-Systemen vorgestellt. Dies sind Online IR-Systeme, CD-ROM-Systeme, OPACs und Internet IR-Systeme, denen der Grossteil dieses Kapitels gewidmet ist. Zu jeder Art von System werden die historische Entwicklung und die Besonderheiten genannt. Bei den Internet-IR-Systemen wird ausführlich auf die besonderen Probleme, die bei diesen im Vergleich zu klassischen IR-Systemen auftauchen, eingegangen. Ein extra Kapitel behandelt die Besonderheiten des Retrievals bei besonderen Dokumentkollektionen und besonderen Formaten. Hier finden sich Informationen zum multilingualen Retrieval und zur Suche nach Multimedia-Inhalten, wobei besonders auf die Unterscheidung zwischen beschreibungs- und inhaltsbasiertem Ansatz der Erschließung solcher Inhalte eingegangen wird. In Kapitel zehn erfährt der Leser mehr über die Stellung des Nutzers in IRR-Prozessen. Die Autorin stellt verschiedene Arten von Suchinterfaces bzw. Benutzeroberflächen und Ansätze der Evaluation der Mensch-Maschine-Interaktion in solchen Systemen vor. Kapitel elf beschäftigt sich ausführlich mit der Evaluierung von IRR-Systemen und stellt die bedeutendsten Test (Cranfield und TREC) vor Ein kurzes abschließendes Kapitel behandelt Ansätze der künstlichen Intelligenz und ihre Anwendung bei IRR-Systemen. Der Aufbau, die knappe, aber dennoch präzise Behandlung des Themas sowie die verständliche Sprache machen dieses Buch zu eine sehr guten Einführung für Studenten in den ersten Semestern, die der englischen Sprache mächtig sind. Besonders positiv hervorzuheben ist die Behandlung auch der aktuellen Themen des IRR wie der Einsatz von Metadaten, die Behandlung von Multimedia-Informationen und der Schwerpunk bei den Internet-IR-Systemen.
    Leider gibt es in deutscher Sprache keinen vergleichbaren Titel. Das Information-Retrieval-Buch von Ferber (2003) ist eher mathematisch orientiert und dürfte Studienanfänger der Informationswissenschaft durch seine große Detailliertheit und der damit einhergehenden großen Anzahl von Formeln eher abschrecken. Es ist eher denjenigen empfohlen, die sich intensiver mit dem Thema beschäftigen möchten. Ähnlich verhält es sich mit dem von manchen gerne genutzten Skript von Fuhr. Das Buch von Gaus (2003) ist mittlerweile schon ein Klassiker, beschäftigt sich aber im wesentlichen mit der Wissensrepräsentation und bietet zudem wenig Aktuelles. So fehlen etwa die Themen Information Retrieval im Internet und Multimedia-Retrieval komplett. Auch die Materialsammlung von Poetzsch (2002) konzentriert sich auf IR in klassischen Datenbanken und strebt zudem auch keine systematische Darstellung des Gebiets an. Zu wünschen wäre also, dass das hier besprochene Buch auch hierzulande in der Lehre Verwendung finden würde, da es den Studierenden einen knappen, gut lesbaren Einblick in das Themengebiet gibt. Es sollte aufgrund der vorbildlichen Aufbereitung des Stoffs auch Vorbild für zukünftige Autoren von Lehrbüchern sein. Und letztlich würde sich der Rezensent eine deutsche Übersetzung dieses Bandes wünschen."
  7. Knowledge organization and classification in international information retrieval (2004) 0.01 
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    Footnote
    Rez. in Mitteilungen VÖB 57(2004) H.3/4, S.83-84 (O. Oberhauser): "Der Klappentext zu diesem Buch, das gleichzeitig als Cataloging & Classification Quarterly, Jg. 37, Nr. 1/2, veröffentlicht wurde, weiss mit eindrucksvollen Lobpreisungen bekannter anglo-amerikanischer Professoren aufzuwarten. Das Werk ist ein Sammelband mit 14 Artikeln von Autoren aus sechs Ländern, unter denen Kanada mit sechs Beiträgen klar dominiert (was nicht weiter überraschend ist, da die Herausgeberinnen von dort stammen). Das deklarierte Ziel des Bandes ist die Behandlung von Themen, die im Zusammenhang mit Information und Wissen in einem internationalisierten Kontext von Relevanz sind. Dies wird in vier thematisch gegliederten Abschnitten versucht. Das erste dieser Kapitel, General Bibliographic Systems, enthält vier Aufsätze, deren erster die Rolle allgemeiner und spezialisierter Klassifikationssysteme unter den Auspizien von Interoperabilität und weltweitem Zugriff reflektiert. Die anderen behandeln eine Adaptierung der DDC für die Verwendung bei der Erschliessung feministischer Literatur, die Probleme bei der Übersetzung von Klassifikationen von einer Sprache/Kultur in eine andere sowie den multilingualen Zugriff auf Dokumente in bibliographischen Datenbanken durch mehrsprachige, mit UDK-Zahlen verknüpfte Deskriptoren. Die zweite Sektion (ebenfalls vier Artikel) ist mit Information Organization in Knowledge Resources betitelt. Ihre konkreten Themen sind a) die Schwächen bibliothekarischer sachlicher Suchsysteme im internationalen Web-Kontext, b) die Recherche erziehungswissenschaftlicher Web-Ressourcen mittels "subject trees" bzw. in virtuellen Bibliotheken, c) Techniken für Text- und Data-Mining im Rahmen von Wissensorganisation und -ermittlung sowie d) Ansätze für die Wissensermittlung in nicht-bibliographischen Datenbanken.
    Im dritten Kapitel, Linguistics, Terminology, and Natural Language Processing, werden Anwendungen der Sprachtechnologie auf die Informationsrecherche und -verteilung über Sprachgrenzen hinweg, die Auswirkungen unterschiedlicher Sprachvarianten auf lexikalische Wissensmuster sowie ein "gateway" für fachübergreifende Wissensbanken, das auf einem Vokabular von Allgemeinbegriffen aus neun verschiedenen MetadatenSchemata beruht, behandelt. Der letzte Abschnitt trägt den etwas rätselhaften Titel Knowledge in the World and the World of Knowledge und enthält so heterogene Beiträge wie den Entwurf eines axiomatischen Systems für die semantische Integration von Ontologien, einen Vergleich der einflussreichen Knowledge-Management-Ansätze von Nonaka & Takeuchi (Japan) und Davenport & Prusak (USA) sowie einen Vergleich der Repräsentation amerikanischer und internationaler agrarökonomischer Themen in LCC (Library of Congress Classification) und NAICS (North American Industrial Classification System). Die eingangs erwähnten Lobeshymnen sind meiner Meinung nach ein wenig übertrieben. Das Buch ist nicht mehr und nicht weniger als ein recht typischer Sammelband mit wissenschaftlichen Artikeln von unterschiedlicher Qualität. Einige davon sind in verständlicher Sprache verfasst (wie etwa der kurze Beitrag über allgemeine vs. spezifische Klassifikationssysteme von J.-E. Mai), andere sind für normale Bibliothekare bzw. Informationswissenschaftler praktisch unlesbar (wie jener über Ontologien von R. E. Kent, der mehr als nur oberflächliche Kenntnisse der formalen Logik voraussetzt). Einige Artikel fand ich recht interessant, andere eher etwas langatmig. Die meisten Beiträge werden vermutlich eher bei wissenschaftlichen Vertretern unserer Disziplin auf Interesse stossen als bei Praktikern. Dass das Buch überein brauchbares Register verfügt, sei positiv vermerkt, zumal derlei heute nicht mehrselbstverständlich ist. Zur Anschaffung empfehlen würde ich diesen Band nicht nur Bibliotheken mit Spezialisierung auf Bibliotheks- und Informationswissenschaft, sondern auch allen grossen wissenschaftlichen Bibliotheken."
    Weitere Rez. in: KO 31(2004) no.2, S.116-117 (A. Shiri)
  8. Ellis, D.: Progress and problems in information retrieval (1996) 0.01 
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    Abstract
    An introduction to the principal generic approaches to information retrieval research with their associated concepts, models and systems, this text is designed to keep the information professional up to date with the major themes and developments that have preoccupied researchers in recent month in relation to textual and documentary retrieval systems.
    Content
    First published 1991 as New horizons in information retrieval
    Date
    26. 7.2002 20:22:46
    Footnote
    Rez. in: Managing information 3(1996) no.10, S.49 (D. Bawden); Program 32(1998) no.2, S.190-192 (C. Revie)
  9. Fugmann, R.: ¬The analytico-synthetic foundation for large indexing & information retrieval systems : dedicated to Prof. Dr. Werner Schultheis, the vigorous initiator of modern chem. documentation in Germany on the occasion of his 85th birthday (1983) 0.01 
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    Footnote
    Rez. in: International classification 12(1985) S.106 (L. Kalok)
    RSWK
    Information und Dokumentation / Systemgrundlage (BVB)
    Subject
    Information und Dokumentation / Systemgrundlage (BVB)
  10. New directions in human information behavior (2006) 0.01 
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    Abstract
    New Directions in Human Information Behavior, co-edited by Drs. Amanda Spink and Charles Cole provides an understanding of the new directions, leading edge theories and models in human information behavior. Information behavior is conceptualized as complex human information related processes that are embedded within an individual's everyday social and life processes. The book presents chapters by an interdisciplinary range of scholars who show new directions that often challenge the established views and paradigms of information behavior studies. Beginning with an evolutionary framework, the book examines information behaviors over various epochs of human existence from the Palaeolithic Era and within pre-literate societies, to contemporary behaviors by 21st century humans. Drawing upon social and psychological science theories the book presents a more integrated and holistic approach to the understanding of information behaviors that include multitasking and non-linear longitudinal processes, individuals' information ground, information practices and information sharing, digital behaviors and human information organizing behaviors. The final chapter of the book integrates these new approaches and presents an overview of the key trends, theories and models for further research. This book is directly relevant to information scientists, librarians, social and evolutionary psychologists. Undergraduate and graduate students, academics and information professionals interested in human information behavior will find this book of particular benefit.
    Content
    Inhalt: Introduction: New Directions in Human Information Behavior, Amanda Spink and Charles Cole.- Emerging Evolutionary Approach to Human Information Behavior, Amanda Spink and James Currier.- Information Behavior in Pre-Literate Societies, Andrew D. Madden, Jared Bryson and Joe Palimi.- Towards a Social Framework for Information Seeking, Eszter Hargittai and Amanda Hinnant.- Mapping Textually-Mediated Information Practice in Clinical Midwifery Care, Pamela McKenzie.- Information Grounds: Theoretical Basis and Empirical Findings on Information Flow in Social Settings, Karen E. Fisher and Charles M. Naumer.-Information Sharing, Sanna Talja and Preben Hansen.- Multitasking and Coordinating Framework for Human Information Behavior, Amanda Spink, Minsoo Park and Charles Cole.- A Nonlinear Perspective on Information Seeking, Allen Foster.- A Cognitive Framework for Human Information Behavior: The Place of Metaphor in Human Information Organizing Behavior, Charles Cole and John Leide.- The Digital Information Consumer, David Nicholas, Paul Huntingron, Peter Williams and Tom Dubrowolski.- Integrating Framework and Further Research.
    Footnote
    Rez. in: Mitt VÖB 59(2006) H.2, S.83-88 (O. Oberhauser): "Dieser neue Sammelband möchte Interessenten aus den Bereichen Informationswissenschaft, Bibliothekswesen sowie Sozial- und Evolutionspsychologie aktuelle Entwicklungen und neue theoretische Ansätze auf dem Gebiet des menschlichen Informationsverhaltens-human information behavio(u)r bzw. kurz HIB - vermitteln. Es geht dabei um die komplexen Informationsprozesse, die in das alltägliche Sozialverhalten und die Lebensabläufe menschlicher Individuen eingebettet sind. Die beiden Herausgeber sind in diesem Teilbereich der Informationswissenschaft auch durch eine Reihe anderer Publikationen einschlägig ausgewiesen: Amanda Spink (vormals Universität Pittsburgh), die sich kürzlich selbst in aller Bescheidenheit als "world-class ICT researcher" beschrieb,' ist Professorin an der Technischen Universität Queensland (Australien); Charles Cole ist Research Associate (wissenschaftlicher Projektmitarbeiter) an der McGill University in Montreal und selbständiger Berater für Informationsdesign. Gemeinsam haben Spink und Cole zuletzt, ebenfalls bei Springer, eine weitere Aufsatzsammlung - New Directions in Cognitive Information Retrieval (2005) - herausgegeben. Das Buch versammelt zwölf Beiträge ("Kapitel"), die in fünf Sektionen dargeboten werden, wobei es sich allerdings bei den Sektionen 1 und 5 (= Kapitel 1 und 12) um Einleitung und Zusammenschau der Herausgeber handelt. Während erstere eigentlich nur eine Übersicht über die Gliederung und die Beiträge des Buches, die jeweils mit Abstracts beschrieben werden, darstellt, kann letztere als eigenständiger Beitrag gelten, der versucht, die in diesem Band angesprochenen Aspekte in einem vorläufigen HIB-Modell zu integrieren.
    ... New Directions in Human Information Behavior ist ein Sammelband, der eindrucksvoll dokumentiert, dass sich die Forschung zu den Themen Informationssuche bzw. Informationsverhalten - ein in unserem Sprachraum freilich wenig bekannter und weitgehend unrezipierter Teilbereich der Informationswissenschaft - gegenwärtig stark im Umbruch befindet. Der Trend von den bisherigen, eher an Paradigmen wie Dokument, fachliche Informationssuche, Bibliothek, wissenschaftliche Informationsnutzung orientierten Ansätzen hin zur Betrachtung alltäglicher Situationen und weiterer Bevölkerungsschichten sowie die Einbeziehung von neuen bzw. aus anderen sozialwissenschaftlichen Bereichen stammenden theoretischen Überlegungen ist nicht zu übersehen. Mitunter mutet dies wie eine (Wieder- bzw. Neu-)Entdeckung der Kommunikationswissenschaft durch die Informationswissenschaft an - oder auch umgekehrt, zumal einige der im vorliegenden Band Schreibenden aus communication departments kommen. Wie auch immer, wer sich für den gegenwärtigen Stand der Entwicklung auf dem HIB-Sektor interessiert, kommt um dieses Buch nicht herum. Allerdings taucht darin der Begriff framework - erfahrungsgemäss oft mit weniger handfesten Inhalten korreliert und mir daher stets ein wenig suspekt - für meinen Geschmack etwas zu häufig auf. HIB ist leider nicht das einzige Akronym, das hier eingeführt wird. Bisher ging es im gegenständlichen Kontext ja bloss um IS (information seeking) - ein neben IR (information retrieval) auch schon bekanntes und eingeführtes Kurzwort.
    Angesichts des skizzierten Umbruchs kann HIB wohl akzeptiert werden, doch ist es - wie dieses Buch zu suggerieren trachtet - wirklich notwendig, daneben auch noch IBEC (information behaviour in everyday contexts), ELIS (everyday life information seeking), HIOB (human information organizing behaviour), CIB (collaborative information behaviour), CIS&R (collaborative information seeking & retrieval) und HICB (human information co-ordinating behaviour) zu verwenden? Wohl kaum, doch wer wird bzw. kann ein solches Spamming verhindern? Würde der akademische Ernst nicht jede Schadenfreude verbieten, so könnte man konstatieren, dass diese Akronymenflut zu unnötigen Druckfehlern führt (z.B. p.172, wo sogar in einer Zwischenüberschrift "HIBO" statt "HIOB" zu lesen ist). In herausgeberischer Hinsicht ist weiter zu bemängeln, dass die meist ansehnlichen und sich naheliegenderweise zum Teil überschneidenden Literaturverzeichnisse der einzelnen Beiträge besser in einer Gesamtbibliographie mit konsistentem Zitierstil zu vereinen gewesen wären, zumal sie in der vorliegenden Form auch etwas inkonsistent und nicht fehlerfrei sind. In diese Richtung zu investieren wäre sinnvoller gewesen als in die Erstellung eines geradezu erbärmlichen Sachregisters (dessen Verriss den Rahmen dieser Besprechung sprengen würde), welches auf Herausgeber bzw. Lektorat - falls es letzteres überhaupt noch gibt - ein eher fahles Licht wirft. Abgesehen davon fielen mir nur einige fehlerhafte bzw. unvollständige Angaben der Institutszugehörigkeiten am Beginn der einzelnen Kapitel (z.B. p.113, p.203) sowie die nicht ganz homogen gestalteten Kurzbiographien der Verfasser/innen am Ende des Buches auf. Der Band selbst ist von gewohnt solider Springer-Machart und zielt schon aufgrund seines hohen Preis wohl nur auf institutionelle Käufer ab."
    Weitere Rez. in: JASIST 58(2007) no.10, S.1553 (C. Wang)
  11. Arafat, S.; Ashoori, E.: Search foundations : toward a science of technology-mediated experience (2018) 0.01 
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    Abstract
    This book contributes to discussions within Information Retrieval and Science (IR&S) by improving our conceptual understanding of the relationship between humans and technology. A call to redirect the intellectual focus of information retrieval and science (IR&S) toward the phenomenon of technology-mediated experience. In this book, Sachi Arafat and Elham Ashoori issue a call to reorient the intellectual focus of information retrieval and science (IR&S) away from search and related processes toward the more general phenomenon of technology-mediated experience. Technology-mediated experience accounts for an increasing proportion of human lived experience; the phenomenon of mediation gets at the heart of the human-machine relationship. Framing IR&S more broadly in this way generalizes its problems and perspectives, dovetailing them with those shared across disciplines dealing with socio-technical phenomena. This reorientation of IR&S requires imagining it as a new kind of science: a science of technology-mediated experience (STME). Arafat and Ashoori not only offer detailed analysis of the foundational concepts underlying IR&S and other technical disciplines but also boldly call for a radical, systematic appropriation of the sciences and humanities to create a better understanding of the human-technology relationship. Arafat and Ashoori discuss the notion of progress in IR&S and consider ideas of progress from the history and philosophy of science. They argue that progress in IR&S requires explicit linking between technical and nontechnical aspects of discourse. They develop a network of basic questions and present a discursive framework for addressing these questions. With this book, Arafat and Ashoori provide both a manifesto for the reimagining of their field and the foundations on which a reframed IR&S would rest.
    Classification
    AN 96000: Allgemeines / Allgemeines / Buch- und Bibliothekswesen, Informationswissenschaft
    Content
    The embedding of the foundational in the adhoc -- Notions of progress in information retrieval -- From growth to progress I : methodology for understanding progress -- From growth to progress II : the network of discourse -- Basic questions characterising foundations discourse -- Enduring nature of foundations -- Foundations as the way to the authoritative against the authoritarian : a conclusion
    Footnote
    Rez. in: JASIST 72(2021) no.3, S.377-383. (Marcia J. Bates)
    RSWK
    Informationsverhalten / Informations- und Dokumentationswissenschaft
    RVK
    AN 96000: Allgemeines / Allgemeines / Buch- und Bibliothekswesen, Informationswissenschaft
    Subject
    Informationsverhalten / Informations- und Dokumentationswissenschaft
  12. Shiri, A.: Powering search : the role of thesauri in new information environments (2012) 0.01 
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    Abstract
    Powering search offers a clear and comprehensive treatment of the role of thesauri in search user interfaces across a range of information search and retrieval systems - from bibliographic and full-text databases to digital libraries, portals, open archives, and content management systems.
    Content
    Thesauri : introduction and recent developments -- Thesauri in interactive information retrieval -- User-centered approach to the evaluation of thesauri : query formulation and expansion -- Thesauri in web-based search systems -- Thesaurus-based search and browsing functionalities in new thesaurus construction standards -- Design of search user interfaces for thesauri -- Design of user interfaces for multilingual and meta-thesauri -- User-centered evaluation of thesaurus-enhanced search user interfaces -- Guidelines for the design of thesaurus-enhanced search user interfaces -- Current trends and developments.
    Footnote
    Rez. in: JASIST 65(2014) no.5, S.1085-1088 (B.H. Weinberg)
    Theme
    Konzeption und Anwendung des Prinzips Thesaurus
  13. Gödert, W.; Hubrich, J.; Nagelschmidt, M.: Semantic knowledge representation for information retrieval (2014) 0.01 
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    Content
    Introduction: envisioning semantic information spacesIndexing and knowledge organization -- Semantic technologies for knowledge representation -- Information retrieval and knowledge exploration -- Approaches to handle heterogeneity -- Problems with establishing semantic interoperability -- Formalization in indexing languages -- Typification of semantic relations -- Inferences in retrieval processes -- Semantic interoperability and inferences -- Remaining research questions.
    Date
    23. 7.2017 13:49:22
  14. ¬The thesaurus: review, renaissance and revision (2004) 0.01 
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    Content
    Enthält u.a. folgende Aussage von J. Aitchison u. S. Dextre Clarke: "We face a paradox. Ostensibly, the need and the opportunity to apply thesauri to information retrieval are greater than ever before. On the other hand, users resist most efforts to persuade them to apply one. The drive for interoperability of systems means we must design our vocabularies for easy integration into downstream applications such as content management systems, indexing/metatagging interfaces, search engines, and portals. Summarizing the search for vocabularies that work more intuitively, we see that there are trends working in opposite directions. In the hugely popular taxonomies an the one hand, relationships between terms are more loosely defined than in thesauri. In the ontologies that will support computer-to-computer communications in AI applications such as the Semantic Web, we see the need for much more precisely defined term relationships."
    Enthält die Beiträge: Spiteri, L.F.: Word association testing and thesaurus construction: a pilot study. Aitchison, J., S.G. Dextre-Clarke: The Thesaurus: a historical viewpoint, with a look to the future. Thomas, A.R.: Teach yourself thesaurus: exercises, reading, resources. Shearer, J.R.: A practical exercise in building a thesaurus. Nielsen, M.L.: Thesaurus construction: key issues and selected readings. Riesland, M.A.: Tools of the trade: vocabulary management software. Will, L.: Thesaurus consultancy. Owens, L.A., P.A. Cochrane: Thesaurus evaluation. Greenberg, J.: User comprehension and application of information retrieval thesauri. Johnson, E.H.: Distributed thesaurus Web services. Thomas, A.R., S.K. Roe: An interview with Dr. Amy J. Warner. Landry, P.: Multilingual subject access: the linking approach of MACS.
    Footnote
    Rez. in: KO 32(2005) no.2, S.95-97 (A. Gilchrist):"It might be thought unfortunate that the word thesaurus is assonant with prehistoric beasts but as this book clearly demonstrates, the thesaurus is undergoing a notable revival, and we can remind ourselves that the word comes from the Greek thesaurus, meaning a treasury. This is a useful and timely source book, bringing together ten chapters, following an Editorial introduction and culminating in an interview with a member of the team responsible for revising the NISO Standard Guidelines for the construction, format and management of monolingual thesauri; formal proof of the thesaural renaissance. Though predominantly an American publication, it is good to see four English authors as well as one from Canada and one from Denmark; and with a good balance of academics and practitioners. This has helped to widen the net in the citing of useful references. While the techniques of thesaurus construction are still basically sound, the Editors, in their introduction, point out that the thesaurus, in its sense of an information retrieval tool is almost exactly 50 years old, and that the information environment of today is radically different. They claim three purposes for the compilation: "to acquaint or remind the Library and Information Science community of the history of the development of the thesaurus and standards for thesaurus construction. to provide bibliographies and tutorials from which any reader can become more grounded in her or his understanding of thesaurus construction, use and evaluation. to address topics related to thesauri but that are unique to the current digital environment, or network of networks." This last purpose, understandably, tends to be the slightly more tentative part of the book, but as Rosenfeld and Morville said in their book Information architecture for the World Wide Web "thesauri [will] become a key tool for dealing with the growing size and importance of web sites and intranets". The evidence supporting their belief has been growing steadily in the seven years since the first edition was published.
    The didactic parts of the book are a collection of exercises, readings and resources constituting a "Teach yourself " chapter written by Alan Thomas, ending with the warning that "New challenges include how to devise multi-functional and usersensitive vocabularies, corporate taxonomies and ontologies, and how to apply the transformative technology to them." This is absolutely right, and there is a need for some good writing that would tackle these issues. Another chapter, by James Shearer, skilfully manages to compress a practical exercise in building a thesaurus into some twenty A5 size pages. The third chapter in this set, by Marianne Lykke Nielsen, contains extensive reviews of key issues and selected readings under eight headings from the concept of the thesaurus, through the various construction stages and ending with automatic construction techniques. . . . This is a useful and approachable book. It is a pity that the index is such a poor advertisement for vocabulary control and usefulness."
    RSWK
    Informations- und Dokumentationswissenschaft / Information Retrieval / Inhaltserschließung / Thesaurus (BVB)
    Subject
    Informations- und Dokumentationswissenschaft / Information Retrieval / Inhaltserschließung / Thesaurus (BVB)
    Theme
    Konzeption und Anwendung des Prinzips Thesaurus
  15. Anderson, J.D.; Perez-Carballo, J.: Information retrieval design : principles and options for information description, organization, display, and access in information retrieval databases, digital libraries, catalogs, and indexes (2005) 0.01 
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    Content
    Inhalt: Chapters 2 to 5: Scopes, Domains, and Display Media (pp. 47-102) Chapters 6 to 8: Documents, Analysis, and Indexing (pp. 103-176) Chapters 9 to 10: Exhaustivity and Specificity (pp. 177-196) Chapters 11 to 13: Displayed/Nondisplayed Indexes, Syntax, and Vocabulary Management (pp. 197-364) Chapters 14 to 16: Surrogation, Locators, and Surrogate Displays (pp. 365-390) Chapters 17 and 18: Arrangement and Size of Displayed Indexes (pp. 391-446) Chapters 19 to 21: Search Interface, Record Format, and Full-Text Display (pp. 447-536) Chapter 22: Implementation and Evaluation (pp. 537-541)
    Footnote
    Rez. in JASIST 57(2006) no.10, S.1412-1413 (R. W. White): "Information Retrieval Design is a textbook that aims to foster the intelligent user-centered design of databases for Information Retrieval (IR). The book outlines a comprehensive set of 20 factors. chosen based on prior research and the authors' experiences. that need to he considered during the design process. The authors provide designers with information on those factors to help optimize decision making. The book does not cover user-needs assessment, implementation of IR databases, or retries al systems, testing. or evaluation. Most textbooks in IR do not offer a substantive walkthrough of the design factors that need to be considered Mien des eloping IR databases. Instead. they focus on issues such as the implementation of data structures, the explanation of search algorithms, and the role of human-machine interaction in the search process. The book touches on all three, but its focus is on designing databases that can be searched effectively. not the tools to search them. This is an important distinction: despite its title. this book does not describe how to build retrieval systems. Professor Anderson utilizes his wealth of experience in cataloging and classification to bring a unique perspective on IR database design that may be useful for novices. for developers seeking to make sense of the design process, and for students as a text to supplement classroom tuition. The foreword and preface. by Jessica Milstead and James Anderson. respectively, are engaging and worthwhile reading. It is astounding that it has taken some 20 years for anyone to continue the stork of Milstead and write as extensively as Anderson does about such an important issue as IR database design. The remainder of the book is divided into two parts: Introduction and Background Issues and Design Decisions. Part 1 is a reasonable introduction and includes a glossary of the terminology that authors use in the book. It is very helpful to have these definitions early on. but the subject descriptors in the right margin are distracting and do not serve their purpose as access points to the text. The terminology is useful to have. as the authors definitions of concepts do not lit exactly with what is traditionally accepted in IR. For example. they use the term 'message' to icier to what would normally be called .'document" or "information object." and do not do a good job at distinguishing between "messages" and "documentary units". Part 2 describes components and attributes of 1R databases to help designers make design choices. The book provides them with information about the potential ramifications of their decisions and advocates a user-oriented approach to making them. Chapters are arranged in a seemingly sensible order based around these factors. and the authors remind us of the importance of integrating them. The authors are skilled at selecting the important factors in the development of seemingly complex entities, such as IR databases: how es er. the integration of these factors. or the interaction between them. is not handled as well as perhaps should be. Factors are presented in the order in which the authors feel then should be addressed. but there is no chapter describing how the factors interact. The authors miss an opportunity at the beginning of Part 2 where they could illustrate using a figure the interactions between the 20 factors they list in a way that is not possible with the linear structure of the book.
    . . . Those interested in using the book to design IR databases can work through the chapters in the order provided and end up with a set of requirements for database design. The steps outlined in this book can be rearranged in numerous orders depending on the particular circumstances. This book would benefit from a discussion of what orders are appropriate for different circumstances and bow the requirements outlined interact. I come away from Information Retrieval Design with mixed, although mainly positive feelings. Even though the aims of this book are made clear from the outset, it was still a disappointment to see issues such as implementation and evaluation covered in only a cursory manner. The book is very well structured. well written, and operates in a part of the space that bas been neglected for too long. The authors whet my appetite with discussion of design, and I would have liked to have heard a bit more about what happens in requirements' elicitation before the design issues base been identified and to impIementation after they have been addressed. Overall, the book is a comprehensive review of previous research supplemented by the authors' views on IR design. This book focuses on breadth of coverage rather than depth of coverage and is therefore potentially of more use to novices in the field. The writing style is clear, and the authors knowledge of the subject area is undoubted. I wouId recommend this book to anyone who wants to learn about IR database design and take advantage of the experience and insights of Anderson, one of tile visionaries it the field."
  16. Chamis, A.Y.: Vocabulary control and search strategies in online searching (1991) 0.00 
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    Abstract
    Based on the author's 1984 dissertation, this technical and detailed volume looks at problems related to control of terms used in searching among a variety of databases
    Footnote
    Rez. in: Computers in libraries 12(1992) no.2, S.46-47; Library quarterly 62(1992) no.3, S.347-349 (R. Fidel)
    Series
    New directions in information management series; 27
  17. Chu, H.: Information representation and retrieval in the digital age (2010) 0.00 
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    Content
    Information representation and retrieval : an overview -- Information representation I : basic approaches -- Information representation II : related topics -- Language in information representation and retrieval -- Retrieval techniques and query representation -- Retrieval approaches -- Information retrieval models -- Information retrieval systems -- Retrieval of information unique in content or format -- The user dimension in information representation and retrieval -- Evaluation of information representation and retrieval -- Artificial intelligence in information representation and retrieval.
  18. Introducing information management : an information research reader (2005) 0.00 
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    Abstract
    Information management (IM) has exploded in importance in recent years and yet until now there has been no Reader to introduce students to the subject. This comprehensive international collection introduces you to the core topics and methodologies used in teaching IM, namely: information behaviour; environmental scanning and decision making; knowledge management; and information strategy. These peer-reviewed papers represent an elite selection from the respected "Information Research" journal, each carefully updated to take into account recent developments. This book is an essential introduction to IM for all students on courses in library and information science, IM, information systems, business information technology, business management, computer science and information technology; as well as for practitioners working in a wide range of organizations providing information services.
    Footnote
    Rez. in: JASIST 58(2007) no.4, S.607-608 (A.D. Petrou): "One small example of a tension in the book's chapters can be expressed as: What exactly falls under information management (IM) as a domain of study? Is it content and research about a traditional life cycle of information, or is it the latter and also any other important issue in information research, such as culture, virtual reality, and online behavior, and communities of practice? In chapter 13, T.D. Wilson states, "Information management is the management of the life cycle to the point of delivery to the information user" (p. 164), yet as he also recognizes, other aspects of information are now included as IM's study matter. On p. 163 of the same chapter, Wilson offers Figure 12.2, titled "The extended life cycle of information." The life cycle in this case includes the following information stages: acquisition, organization, storage, retrieval, access and lending, and dissemination. All of these six stages Wilson labels, inside the circle, as IM. The rest of the extended information life cycle is information use, which includes use, sharing, and application. Chapter 3's author, Gunilla Widen-Wulff, quoting Davenport (1994), states "effective IM is about helping people make effective use of the information, rather than the machines" (p. 31). Widen-Wulff, however, addresses IM from an information culture perspective. To review the book's critical content, IM definitions and research methodology and methods reported in chapters are critically summarized next. This will provide basic information for anyone interested in using the book as an information research reader.
    The chapter by Wilson and Maceviciûtè should have been the first in the book, as it offers an informative, clearly laid out, research-based picture for IM. The chapter offers IM definitions, as mentioned earlier, and also covers a couple of major studies concerned with mapping diversity of content and topics studied in the IM field. RefViz, a visualization tool and an addition to EndNote, was used to map 462 articles published between 1999 and 2004 that had the term information management in their title. Figure 2.1 (Visualization of the IM literature), presents the map's 18 groups or clusters of documents. Two studies by Wilson also are presented. A study completed in 2004 covered the years 2000 to 2004 and reviewed five journals with articles about information activities. The 2004 study analyzed 190 articles from 383 authors. Wilson developed a number of categories about information activities as part of the 2000 and 2004 studies that indicate the scope of the articles analyzed and IM's diversity of subject matter. The remainder of the chapter presents comparative data between the 2000 and 2004 research studies. Joyce Kirk provides a hierarchy of five IM definitions. "IM as IT systems" and "information resource management" are two of these definitions. While it is difficult to clearly recognize any of the hierarchy statements as a definition for IM, what can be had from this hierarchy is the realization, as cviu te' and Wilson state in chapter 2, that IM "is used as an abbreviation for the management of IT, information systems management, management information systems, etc." (p. 20). Perhaps, the critical usefulness of the chapter resides not so much in that it offers any ready to apply definitions for IM but rather in that it provides an overall review about information. The latter can be helpful for a book intended as an information research reader and as an introduction to IM. WidenWulff examined 15 Finnish insurance businesses and developed scales for the measurement of open and closed organizations, and also presented learning organization attributes in different information environments. A 1999 study by Aiki Tibar about critical success factors (CSF) and information needs of successful Estonian companies is the centerpiece of the chapter. The study's findings are presented in relation to previous and more recent research on CSF. The study's methodology was qualitative in nature, involving semistructured interviews with managers and engineers from 25 of the most successful companies in Estonia; these companies were selected in a contest in 1998 as being included in the top 50 most successful companies. In terms of findings, IM was a CFS that was mentioned the most frequently.
    Chun Wei Choo focused on environmental analyzability and organizational intrusiveness in an effort to theorize and to highlight intricacies in scanning as managers attempt to deal with uncertainty and complexity in their environment. Correia and Wilson used a case-study approach to examine managerial scanning in 19 companies; 47 semistructured interviews were performed in an effort to develop a grounded theory of scanning. Because of the grounded theory approach, the authors did not use statistical sampling but rather utilized principles of maximum variation sampling and theoretical sampling. Categories and relationships that emerged from the grounded theory approach were utilized to build a model of the environmental process. Judith Broady-Preston presents an interesting discussion on balanced scorecard as a way to keep track of successful strategies and their impact on various areas of organizational performance, including finances, innovation and learning, and customer perceptions. Yet, although there have been three efforts to clarify the purpose of a balanced scorecard, the concept remains unclear, along with a role that information professionals can play in its successful application in organizations. France Bouthillier and Kathleen Shearer set review case studies of five private and five public organizations to bring out elements, practices, and benefits associated with knowledge management (KM). As stated by the authors: "generally speaking, IM involves the integration of a variety of activities designed to manage information and information resources throughout their life cycle" (p. 150). The authors say that the focus of KM initiatives, as opposed to the focus in IM initiatives, tends to be on "knowledge-sharing methodologies such as communities of practice, virtual collaboration and expert databases" (p. 150). In the chapter "The Nonsense of Knowledge Management" revisited by Wilson, he states that communities of practice are at the heart of methodologies for KM. And natural arenas for KM and communities of practice are various disciplines in education and departments in the medical field because of the collaborative spirit in these two fields. But, he also repeats his criticisms that beyond these arenas, there is no such thing as KM in business where competition is the norm rather than collaboration. He emphasizes that a common problem in the KM community is the treatment of knowledge as a thing or a commodity, when in reality, knowledge is a complex and dynamic process. The chapter also provides additional evidence from analysis of various publications that show KM as a fragmented field and as a business fad, according to Wilson.
    Allen strikes a realistic note of the institutional importance of trust across teams of academics and administrators, and subsequently of the political behavior of academics and computer services administrators/ managers and the relation of the latter to information strategy formulation. Research was conducted at 12 university sites, information strategy process documents were analyzed, and 20 informants were interviewed at each site. The study's research focused on cross-case analysis (instead of an iterative approach to collection and analysis of data), research was longitudinal, and a grounded theory approach was employed. According to the author, findings confirm a similar position taken by Pettigrew (1977): "development of information strategy is the outcome of negotiated political relations" (p. 177). And for such negotiated political relations, the author concludes, trust is a necessary ingredient. It is important to reiterate that IM's scope requires a diversity of study methods and methodologies to address all issues involved. A multiplicity of information and IM definitions and the number of local and global issues that must be addressed, along with information's significance as resource and/or commodity in different types of organizations, necessitate diversity in information research. Each chapter has demonstrated a need to cover many aspects of IM and to ensure that there is as much clarity in that effort as possible, and yet differentiation of IM from other related fields such as KM clearly remains a top issue. As with any other effort to define a field's boundaries, the task at hand is not easy, but while definitions and boundaries are being worked out, there is always an opportunity to engage in fruitful discussions about scope and critical issues in information research."
  19. Croft, W.B.; Metzler, D.; Strohman, T.: Search engines : information retrieval in practice (2010) 0.00 
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    Abstract
    For introductory information retrieval courses at the undergraduate and graduate level in computer science, information science and computer engineering departments. Written by a leader in the field of information retrieval, Search Engines: Information Retrieval in Practice, is designed to give undergraduate students the understanding and tools they need to evaluate, compare and modify search engines. Coverage of the underlying IR and mathematical models reinforce key concepts. The book's numerous programming exercises make extensive use of Galago, a Java-based open source search engine. SUPPLEMENTS / Extensive lecture slides (in PDF and PPT format) / Solutions to selected end of chapter problems (Instructors only) / Test collections for exercises / Galago search engine
  20. Cole, C.: Information need : a theory connecting information search to knowledge formation (2012) 0.00 
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    Content
    Inhalt: The importance of information need -- The history of information need -- The framework for our discussion -- Modeling the user in information search -- Information seeking's conceptualization of information need during information search -- Information use -- Adaptation : internal information flows and knowledge generation -- A theory of information need -- How information need works -- The user's situation in the pre-focus search -- The situation of user's information need in pre-focus information search -- The selection concept -- A review of the user's pre-focus information search -- How information need works in a focusing search -- Circles 1 to 5 : how information need works -- Corroborating research -- Applying information need -- The astrolabe : an information system for stage 3 information exploration -- Conclusion.
    Footnote
    Rez. in: JASIST 64(2013) no.12, S.2595-2596 (N. Ford)

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