Search (9 results, page 1 of 1)

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Date

26. 2.2008 19:22:51

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Abstract

What do primordial bacteria, medieval alchemists, and the World Wide Web have to do with each other? This fascinating exploration of how information systems emerge takes readers on a provocative journey through the history of the information age. Today's "information explosion" may seem like an acutely modern phenomenon, but we are not the first generation - nor even the first species - to wrestle with the problem of information overload. Long before the advent of computers, human beings were collecting, storing, and organizing information: from Ice Age taxonomies to Sumerian archives, Greek libraries to Dark Age monasteries. Today, we stand at a precipice, as our old systems struggle to cope with what designer Richard Saul Wurman called a "tsunami of data."With some historical perspective, however, we can begin to understand our predicament not just as the result of technological change, but as the latest chapter in an ancient story that we are only beginning to understand. Spanning disciplines from evolutionary theory and cultural anthropology to the history of books, libraries, and computer science, writer and information architect Alex Wright weaves an intriguing narrative that connects such seemingly far-flung topics as insect colonies, Stone Age jewelry, medieval monasteries, Renaissance encyclopedias, early computer networks, and the World Wide Web. Finally, he pulls these threads together to reach a surprising conclusion, suggesting that the future of the information age may lie deep in our cultural past. To counter the billions of pixels that have been spent on the rise of the seemingly unique World Wide Web, journalist and information architect Wright delivers a fascinating tour of the many ways that humans have collected, organized and shared information for more than 100,000 years to show how the information age started long before microchips or movable type. A self-described generalist who displays an easy familiarity with evolutionary biology and cultural anthropology as well as computer science and technology, Wright explores the many and varied roots of the Web, including how the structure of family relationships from Greek times, among others, has exerted a profound influence on the shape and structure of human information systems. He discusses how the violent history of libraries is the best lesson in how hierarchical systems collapse and give rise to new systems, and how the new technology of the book introduced the notion of random access to information. And he focuses on the work of many now obscure information-gathering pioneers such as John Wilkins and his Universal Categories and Paul Otlet, the Internet's forgotten forefather, who anticipated many of the problems bedeviling the Web today. (Publishers Weekly)

Content

Inhalt: Networks and hierarchies -- Family trees and the tree of life -- The ice age information explosion -- The age of alphabets -- Illuminating the dark age -- A steam engine of the mind -- The astral power station -- The encyclopedic revolution -- The moose that roared -- The industrial library -- The Web that wasn't -- Memories of the future.

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Abstract

Information is essential to all human activity, and information in electronic form both amplifies and augments human information interactions. This lecture surveys some of the different classical meanings of information, focuses on the ways that electronic technologies are affecting how we think about these senses of information, and introduces an emerging sense of information that has implications for how we work, play, and interact with others. The evolutions of computers and electronic networks and people's uses and adaptations of these tools manifesting a dynamic space called cyberspace. Our traces of activity in cyberspace give rise to a new sense of information as instantaneous identity states that I term proflection of self. Proflections of self influence how others act toward us. Four classical senses of information are described as context for this new form of information. The four senses selected for inclusion here are the following: thought and memory, communication process, artifact, and energy. Human mental activity and state (thought and memory) have neurological, cognitive, and affective facets.The act of informing (communication process) is considered from the perspective of human intentionality and technical developments that have dramatically amplified human communication capabilities. Information artifacts comprise a common sense of information that gives rise to a variety of information industries. Energy is the most general sense of information and is considered from the point of view of physical, mental, and social state change. This sense includes information theory as a measurable reduction in uncertainty. This lecture emphasizes how electronic representations have blurred media boundaries and added computational behaviors that yield new forms of information interaction, which, in turn, are stored, aggregated, and mined to create profiles that represent our cyber identities.

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Date

22. 2.2008 17:36:03

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Content

Inhalt: - Keynotes Kalervo Järvelin: Information Retrieval: Technology, Evaluation and Beyond Michael Schroeder: Semantic search for the life sciences - Evaluation Pavel Sirotkin: Predicting user preferences Hanmin Jung, Mikyoung Lee, Won-Kyung Sung, Do Wan Kim: Usefiilness Evaluation on Visualization of Researcher Networks Jens Kürsten, Thomas Wilhelm, Maximilian Eibl: Vergleich von IR-Systemkonfigurationen auf Komponentenebene - Informationsinfrastruktur Reinhild Barkey, Erhard Hinrichs, Christina Hoppermann, Thorsten Trippel, Claus Zinn: Komponenten-basierte Metadatenschemata und Facetten-basierte Suche Ina Dehnhard, Peter Weiland: Toolbasierte Datendokumentation in der Psychologie Gertrud Faaß, Ulrich Heid: Nachhaltige Dokumentation virtueller Forschungsumgebungen - Soziale Software Evelyn Droge, Parinaz Maghferat, Cornelius Puschmann, Julia Verbina, Katrin Weller: Konferenz-Tweets Richard Heinen, Ingo Blees: Social Bookmarking als Werkzeug für die Kooperation von Lehrkräften Jens Terliesner, Isabella Peters: Der T-Index als Stabilitätsindikator für dokument-spezifische Tag-Verteilungen

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Date

22. 3.2008 18:05:16

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Classification

323.44/5 22 (GBV;LoC)

DDC

323.44/5 22 (GBV;LoC)

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Date

22. 2.2008 14:05:48

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Date

11. 5.2008 19:49:22