-
Peters, T.A.: ¬The online catalog : A critical examination of public use (1991)
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- COMPASS
- Information retrieval / Use of / On-line computers
- Footnote
- Rez. in: College and research libraries 52(1991) S.590-591 (F. Wilson); Journal of academic librarianship 18(1992) no.1, S-40-42 (M.D. Behr)
- Subject
- Information retrieval / Use of / On-line computers
-
Solomon, P.: On the dynamics of information system use : from novice to? (1992)
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- Abstract
- Explores the variety of user behaviour exhibited by users of information retrieval systems over time and the effort of differences between expert and novice searchers on an understanding of information searching dynamics and on the design of information systems. Based on a naturalistic case study. Points out some of the dynamic patterns of behaviour of children's use of online catalogues (OPACs)
- Source
- Proceedings of the 55th Annual Meeting of the American Society for Information Science, Pittsburgh, 26.-29.10.92. Ed.: D. Shaw
-
Kantor, P.B.: ¬A model for stopping behavior of the users of on-line systems (1987)
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- Source
- Journal of the American Society for Information Science. 38(1987), S.211-214
-
Chen, H.-M.; Cooper, M.D.: Using clustering techniques to detect usage patterns in a Web-based information system (2001)
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- Abstract
- Different users of a Web-based information system will have different goals and different ways of performing their work. This article explores the possibility that we can automatically detect usage patterns without demographic information about the individuals. First, a set of 47 variables was defined that can be used to characterize a user session. The values of these variables were computed for approximately 257,000 sessions. Second, principal component analysis was employed to reduce the dimensions of the original data set. Third, a twostage, hybrid clustering method was proposed to categorize sessions into groups. Finally, an external criteriabased test of cluster validity was performed to verify the validity of the resulting usage groups (clusters). The proposed methodology was demonstrated and tested for validity using two independent samples of user sessions drawn from the transaction logs of the University of California's MELVYL® on-line library catalog system (www.melvyl.ucop.edu). The results indicate that there were six distinct categories of use in the MELVYL system: knowledgeable and sophisticated use, unsophisticated use, highly interactive use with good search performance, known-item searching, help-intensive searching, and relatively unsuccessful use. Their characteristics were interpreted and compared qualitatively. The analysis shows that each group had distinct patterns of use of the system, which justifies the methodology employed in this study
- Source
- Journal of the American Society for Information Science and technology. 52(2001) no.11, S.888-904
-
Pasanen-Tuomainen, I.: Analysis of subject searching in the TENTTU books database (1992)
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- Abstract
- Presents a pilot study for an Internordic project to monitor the use of online catalogues in the Nordic technological university libraries. Focuses on the use of classification in subject searching, how the UDC is used and the extent of its use. Studies user interaction with the OPACs and improvements to information retrieval in the catalogues using the transaction log method to gather data. The pilot study examnines the TENTTU Books database which is the online union catalogue of the Helsinki Univ. of Technology Library, a multilingual database with true information retrieval. The Internordic study itself will make comparisons between the TENTTU system and the new Virginia Tech Library System. Discusses the users monitored, method of analysis, subject searching in the database, results and how the UDC codes were used. Compares this to other studies conducted in Finland and evaluates the project
- Theme
- Klassifikationssysteme im Online-Retrieval
-
Croucher, C.: Problems of subject access : user studies and interface design (1986)
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- Abstract
- A research project at Middlesex Polytechnic is examning the problems of subject access in an OPAC. A series of user studies have been carried out which examined students' use of existing catalogue facilities, which in turn led to the experimental evaluation of various interface designs for an online catalogue. The experiments were primarily concerned with the effect of the following variables on the speed and accuracy of retrieval of specific items, the use of colour, the speed of presentation of information, the amount of information on a screen, the paging and scrolling of information, the position of a sought item within a list
-
Borgman, C.L.: Why are online catalogs hard to use? : lessons learned from information-retrieval studies (1986)
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- Abstract
- Research in user behavior on online catalogs is in its early stages, but preliminary findings suggest that users encounter many of the same problems identified in behavioral studies of other types of bibliographic retrieval systems. Much can be learned from comparing the results of user behavior studies on these two types of systems. Research on user problems with both the mechanical aspects and the conceptual aspects of system use is reviewed, with the conclusion that more similiratiy exists across types of systems in conceptual than in mechanical problems. Also discussed are potential sources of the problems, due either to individual characteristics or to system variables. A series of research questions is proposed and a number of potential interim solutions ae suggested for alleviating some of the problems encountered by users of information systems
- Source
- Journal of the American Society for Information Science. 37(1986), S.387-400
-
Pasanen-Tuomainen, I.: Evaluating the user education (1994)
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- Abstract
- Desicusses the user training programme of the Helsinki University of Technology Library in the light of an internordic monitoring project. In the project, the use of OPACs was evaluated by analyzing the transaction logs and it was concluded that end users do not exploit the various possibilities of OPACs. A large part of the material found in the collections in the library is not retrieved: misspellings, lack of truncation, inequate use of Boolean operators and wrong database choices lead to ineffective retrieval. Emphasis in the online catalogue training has been on the 'hands on' exercises and it appears that the training programme is not very effective in the area of subject searching. Presents reasons for this and discusses plans for the future development of the library user training programme
-
Larson, R.R.: Evaluation of advanced retrieval techniques in an experimental online catalog (1992)
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- Abstract
- Research on the use and users of online catalogs conducted in the early 1980s found that subject searches were the most common form of online catalog search. At the same time, many of the problems experienced by online catalog users have been traced to difficulties with the subject access mechanisms of the online catalog. Numerous proposals have been made for methods intended to improve subject access to online catalog records. These commonly involve enhancing the catalog's bibliographic records with additional terms, or incorporating subject authority files or additional thesauri in the database. Another stream of research has concentrated on applying retrieval techniques derived from information retrieval (IR) research to replace the Boolean search methods of conventional online catalog systems. This study describes the results of retrieval tests using a variety of these search methods in the CHESHIRE experimental online catalog system.
- Source
- Journal of the American Society for Information Science. 43(1992), S.34-53
-
Hildreth, C.R.: Accounting for users' inflated assessments of on-line catalogue search performance and usefulness : an experimental study (2001)
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-
Connell, T.H.: Subject searching in online catalogs : metaknowledge used by experienced searchers (1995)
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- Abstract
- Identifies and characterizes the knowledge used by experienced librarians while searching for subject information in online catalogues. 10 experienced librarians performed the same set of 6 subject searches in an online catalogue. Investigates the knowledge used to solve retrieval problems. This knowledge presents expertise in the use of the catalogue. Data were collected through the use of think aloud protocols, transaction logs and structured interviews. Knowledge was defined as knowledge objects (factual knowledge), knowledge of events (experimental knowlegde), knowledge of performance (process knowledge), and metaknowledge. Metaknowledge is the sense of whole derived from the integration of factual, process, and experimental knowledge about the search and the conditions under which it is performed. Focuses on metaknowledge. For evidence of metaknowledge the data were examined for explanations that participants gave for their actions and observations, and for ways that participants evaluated their own progress during the process of searching. Reasons and explanations given by searchers were related to all phases of the library information retrieval process from the user's receipt of material to policies for collection development, and not just events directly related to the performance of a particular search task
- Source
- Journal of the American Society for Information Science. 46(1995) no.7, S.507-518
-
Pasanen-Tuomainen, I.: Does access meet availability at an OPAC? (1993)
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- Abstract
- Paper presented at the 1992 IATUL seminar in Tallinn, estonia: 'Universal Availability of Publications in Science and Technology including those on the history and philosophy of grey literature' on UAP policy and practice. Discusses surveys conducted at the Helsinki Univ. of Technology Library analysing the use of the online catalogue. Covers the Internordic Study 'Monitoring the Online Catalogues of the Nordic Technical University Libraries', whose aim was the promotion of end-user accessibility to information as part of a training program. Users' search behaviour was observed during the course on the library's TENTTU information retrieval system. Analyses the transaction log files of end users. Presents statistics on the distribution of search elements in free text and field codes and the use of Boolean operators. Comments on a software package enabling analysis of the interaction between the system and the end user. This may be useful to evaluate training programs
-
Markey, K.: Twenty-five years of end-user searching : part 1: research findings (2007)
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- Abstract
- This is the first part of a two-part article that reviews 25 years of published research findings on end-user searching in online information retrieval (IR) systems. In Part 1 (Markey, 2007), the author seeks to answer the following questions: What characterizes the queries that end users submit to online IR systems? What search features do people use? What features would enable them to improve on the retrievals they have in hand? What features are hardly ever used? What do end users do in response to the system's retrievals? Are end users satisfied with their online searches? Summarizing searches of online IR systems by the search features people use everyday makes information retrieval appear to be a very simplistic one-stop event. In Part 2, the author examines current models of the information retrieval process, demonstrating that information retrieval is much more complex and involves changes in cognition, feelings, and/or events during the information seeking process. She poses a host of new research questions that will further our understanding about end-user searching of online IR systems.
- Source
- Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology. 58(2007) no.8, S.1071-1081
-
Markey, K.: Twenty-five years of end-user searching : part 2: future research directions (2007)
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- Abstract
- This is the second part of a two-part article that examines 25 years of published research findings on end-user searching of online information retrieval (IR) systems. In Part 1, it was learned that people enter a few short search statements into online IR systems. Their searches do not resemble the systematic approach of expert searchers who use the full range of IR-system functionality. Part 2 picks up the discussion of research findings about end-user searching in the context of current information retrieval models. These models demonstrate that information retrieval is a complex event, involving changes in cognition, feelings, and/or events during the information seeking process. The author challenges IR researchers to design new studies of end-user searching, collecting data not only on system-feature use, but on multiple search sessions and controlling for variables such as domain knowledge expertise and expert system knowledge. Because future IR systems designers are likely to improve the functionality of online IR systems in response to answers to the new research questions posed here, the author concludes with advice to these designers about retaining the simplicity of online IR system interfaces.
- Source
- Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology. 58(2007) no.8, S.1123-1130
-
Pedretti, G.: ¬L'¬uso dei cataloghi in biblioteca (1996)
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- Abstract
- Reports an empirical study at the Queriniana Civic Library, Brescia, of interaction betwee researchers and printed catalogues during bibliographic data retrieval. The study sought to ascertain frequency of catalogue use; research success rate and time taken; and to identify user profiles. Data were obtained by a mixture of questionnaires, interviews and direct observation. Findings showed that 64% of the catalogue users were female; 70% were aged 19-30; 65% were university students or had good school grades; and hardly any were working class. University students preferred keyword access. 50% or all searches were successful. Most search failures related to subject catalogues, which usually required more time. Provides statistics on time spent in research
- Footnote
- Übers. des Titels: Catalogue use in the library
-
Hancock-Beaulieu, M.: Evaluating the impact of an online library catalogue on subject searching behaviour at the catalogue and at the shelves (1990)
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- Abstract
- The second half of a 'before and after' study to evaluate the impact of an online catalogue on subject searching behaviour is reported. A holistic approach is adopted encompassing both catalogue use and browsing at the shelves for catalogue users and non-users. Verbal and non-verbal data were elicited from searchers using a combined methodology including talk-aloud technique, observation and a screen logging facility. An extensive qualitative analysis was carried out correlating expressed topics, search formulation strategies and documents retrieved at the shelves. The online catalogue environment does not appear to have increased the extent of subject searching nor the use of the bibliographic tool. The manual PRECIS index supported a contextual approach for broad and more interactive search formulations whereas the OPAC encouraged a matching approach and narrow formulations with fewer but user generated formulations. The success rate of the online catalogue was slightly better than that of the manual tools but fewer items were retrieved at the shelves. Non-users of the bibliographic tools seemed to be just as successful. To improve retrieval effectiveness it is suggested that online catalogues should cater for both matching and contextual approaches to searching. Recent research indicates that a more interactive process could be promoted by providing query expansion through a combination of searching aids for matching, for search formulation assistance and for structured contextual retrieval
- Source
- Journal of documentation. 46(1990), S.318-338
- Theme
- Semantisches Umfeld in Indexierung u. Retrieval
-
Slack, F.: End-user searches and search path maps : a discussion (1996)
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- Abstract
- Examines the development of OPACs of the last 15 years, and how this has promoted the use of automated information retrieval systems. Using the technique of search path maps, investigates how end users use the system available to them and the type of subject searches they carry out. Compares 2 techniques for mapping searches, concluding that there is need for effective diagnosis and monitoring methods, and that an efficient method of analysis of end user use is essential
-
Slack, F.: End user searches and search path maps : a discussion (1996)
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- Abstract
- Examines the development of OPACs of the last 15 years and how this has promoted the use of automated information retrieval systems. Investigates how end users use the system available to them and the type of subject searches which they carry out. Compares 2 techniques for mapping searches. Concludes that there is a need for effective diagnosis and monitoring methods and an efficient method of analysis of end user use is essential
-
Sapa, R.: Zachowania informacy jne uzytkownika OPAC w Bibliotece Jagiellonskiej (1997)
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- Abstract
- Discusses the necessity of providing new methods of research into user information retrieval behaviour. Notes that the user using the catalogue via the Internet and communicating exclusively with the computer system, disappears from the librarian's direct view. Implementing adequate software facilities in some sense broadens research prospects and improves its quality. Describes research carried out at the Jagiellonian Library, Poland, into the extent of use of OPAC retrieval facilities, throught the application of software that records all information retrieval commands
-
Slone, D.J.: Encounters with the OPAC : On-line searching in public libraries (2000)
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- Abstract
- This article reports on a qualitative study exploring: (1) strategies and behaviors of public library users during interaction with an OPAC; and (2) users' confidence in finding needed information on-line. Questionnaires, interviews, and observations were employed to gather data from 32 public library users. the results found search behaviors, confidence, and other feelings varied, based on 3 types of searches: unknown-item searches; area searches; and known-item searches. Term generation was the most important factor in unknown-item search strategies. Speed and convenience palyed a role in area searches, and simplicity characterized known-item searches. Of the 3 types, unknown-item searchers experienced the most frustration and doubt; known-item searchers the most disappointment; and area searchers the most confidence and contentment. Knowledge of these differences may prove helpful for librarians and interface designers
- Source
- Journal of the American Society for Information Science. 51(2000) no.8, S.757-773
