-
Cooper, W.S.: Expected search length : a single measure of retrieval effectiveness based on the weak ordering action of retrieval systems (1968)
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-
Melton, J.S.: ¬A use for the techniques of structural linguistics in documentation research (1965)
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- Abstract
- Index language (the system of symbols for representing subject content after analysis) is considered as a separate component and a variable in an information retrieval system. It is suggested that for purposes of testing, comparing and evaluating index language, the techniques of structural linguistics may provide a descriptive methodology by which all such languages (hierarchical and faceted classification, analytico-synthetic indexing, traditional subject indexing, indexes and classifications based on automatic text analysis, etc.) could be described in term of a linguistic model, and compared on a common basis
-
Lancaster, F.W.: On the need for role indicators in postcoordinate retrieval systems (1968)
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- Abstract
- A summary of the findings of various evaluations of role indicators is given. In general, the results have been negative in that little real evidence for the value of the devices has been presented. The need for roles in various subject fields and in very large systems, is discussed. They can only by justified on purely ecomic grounds - if the added cost involved in their use is offset by substantial reduction in the amount of output screening that must be done by the end user
-
Soergel, D.: Mathematical analysis of documentation systems : an attempt to a theory of classification and search request formulation (1967)
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- Abstract
- As an attempt to make a general structural theory of information retrieval, a documentation system (DS) is defined as a formal system consisting of (a) a set o of objects (documents); (b) a set A++ of elementary attributes (key-words), from which further attributes may be constructed: A++ generates A; (c) a set of axioms of the form X++(x)=m (m¯M, M a set of constant connecting attributes with objects: from the axioms further theorems (=true statements) may be constructed. By use of the theorems, different mappings O -> P(o) (P(o) set of all subsets of o) (search question -> set of documents retrieved) are defined. The type of a DS depends on two basic decisions: (1) choice of the rules for the construction of attributes and theorems, e.g., logical product in coordinate indexing; links. (2) choice of M; M may consist of the two constants 'applicable' and 'not applicable', or some positive integers, ...; Further practical decisions: A++ hierarchical or not; kind of mapping; introduction of roles (=further attributes). The most simple case - ordinary two-valued Coordinate Indexing - is discusssed in detail; o is a free distributive (but not Boolean) lattice, the homographic image a ring of subsets of o; instead of negation which is not useful, a useful retrieval operation 'praeternagation' is introduced. Furthermore these are discussed: a generalized definition of superimposed coding, some functions for the distance of objects or attributes; optimization and automatic derivation of classifications. The model takes into account term-term relations and document-document relations. It may serve as a structural framework in terms of which the functional problems of retrieval theory may be expressed more clearly
- Source
- Information storage and retrieval. 3(1967), S.129-173
-
Austin, D.: Prospects for a new general classification (1969)
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- Abstract
- In traditional classification schemes, the universe of knowledge is brokeii down into self- contained disciplines which are further analysed to the point at which a particular concept is located. This leads to problems of: (a) currency: keeping the scheme in line with new discoveries. (b) hospitality: allowing room for insertion of new subjects (c) cross-classification: a concept may be considered in such a way that it fits as logically into one discipline as another. Machine retrieval is also hampered by the fact that any individual concept is notated differently, depending on where in the scheme it appears. The approach now considered is from an organized universe of concepts, every concept being set down only once in an appropriate vocabulary, where it acquires the notation which identifies it wherever it is used. It has been found that all the concepts present in any compound subject can be handled as though they belong to one of two basic concept types, being either Entities or Attributes. In classing, these concepts are identified, and notation is selected from appropriate schedules. Subjects are then built according to formal rules, the final class number incorporating operators which convey the fundamental relationships between concepts. From this viewpoint, the Rules and Operators of the proposed system can be seen as the grammar of an IR language, and the schedules of Entities and Attributes as its vocabulary.
- Source
- Journal of Librarianship. 1(1969) no.3, S.149-169
-
Robertson, S.E.: ¬The parametric description of retrieval tests : Part I: The basic parameters (1969)
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- Abstract
- Some parameters and techniques in use for describing the results of test on IR system are analysed. Several considerations outside the scope of the usual 2X2 table are relevant to the choice of parameters. In particular, a variable which produces a 'performance curve' of a system corresponds to an extension of the 2x2 table. Also, the statistical relationships between parameters are all-important. It is considered that precision is not such a useful measure of performance (in conjunction with recall)as fallout. A more powerful alternative to Cleverdon's 'invitable inverse relationship between recall and precision'is proposed and justified, namely that the recall-fallout graph is convex.
- Source
- Journal of documentation. 25(1969) no.1, S.1-27
-
Blagden, J.F.: How much noise in a role-free and link-free co-ordinate indexing system? (1966)
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- Abstract
- A study of the number of irrelevant documents retrieved in a co-ordinate indexing system that does not employ eitherr roles or links. These tests were based on one hundred actual inquiries received in the library and therefore an evaluation of recall efficiency is not included. Over half the enquiries produced no noise, but the mean average percentage niose figure was approximately 33 per cent based on a total average retireval figure of eighteen documents per search. Details of the size of the indexed collection, methods of indexing, and an analysis of the reasons for the retrieval of irrelevant documents are discussed, thereby providing information officers who are thinking of installing such a system with some evidence on which to base a decision as to whether or not to utilize these devices
- Source
- Journal of documentation. 22(1966), S.203-209
-
¬The Use of the Library of Congress Classification : Proc. of the Inst. on the use of the Library of Congress Classification, New York City, 7.-9.7.1966 (1968)
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-
Mooers, C.: ¬The indexing language of an information retrieval system (1963)
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- Footnote
- Reprinted in: Theory of subject analysis: a sourcebook. Ed. by L.M. Chan et al. Littleton, CO: Libraries Unlimited 1985, S.247-261
- Source
- Information retrieval today: papers presented at an Institute conducted by the Library School and the Cetre for Continuation Study, University of Minnesota, Sept. 19-22, 1962. Ed. by. Wesley Simonton
-
VanOot, J.G.: Links and roles in coordinate indexing and searching : an economy study of their use and an evaluation of their effect on relevance and recall (1964)
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- Imprint
- Chicago, Ill. : American Chemical Society, Division of Chemical Litaratur
-
Guide to use of Dewey Decimal Classification : based on the practice of the Dewey Classification Office at the Library of Congress (1962)
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-
Freemann, F.: Computers and classification systems (1964)
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- Source
- Journal of documentation. 20(1964), S.137-145
-
International Symposium on Relational Factors in Classification, Univ. of Maryland, 8.-11.6.1966. Proceedings (1967)
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- Content
- Enthält die Beiträge: PERREAULT, J.M. On the articulation of surrogates: an attempt at an epistemological foundation; RICHMOND, P.A.: Critique; CECCATO, S.: Concepts for a new systematics; BREGZIS, R., D.E. WALKER: Critique; SOERGEL, D.: Some remarks on information languages, their analysis and comparison; ATHERTON, P., FAIRTHORNE, R.A.: Critique; FARRADANE, J.: Concept organization for information retrieval; ATHERTON, P., H. BORKO: Critique; LÉVY, F.: On the relative nature of relational factors in classifications; RICHMOND, P.A., H. BORKO: Critique; NEWMAN, S.M.: An operative information retrieval system based on relational factors; LANCASTER, F.W., D.E. WALKER: Critique; PAGèS, R.: Relational aspects of conceptualization in message analysis; WILLIAMS, T.M., R. BREGZIS: Critique; DALE, A.G.: Indexing and classification for interactive retrieval systems; WILLIAMS, T.M., F.W. LANCASTER: Critique; GROLIER, E. de: Synoptic critique; RANGANATHAN, S.R.: Hidden roots of classification
- Source
- Information storage and retrieval. 3(1967), no.4
-
Proceedings of first seminar on UDC in a mechanized retrieval system, conducted by R.R. Freeman u. P. Atherton, Copenhagen, 2.-6.9.1968 (1969)
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-
Sharp, J.R.: Some fundamentals of information retrieval (1965)
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-
Goffman, W.: On relevance as a measure (1964)
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- Abstract
- Relevance is defined as a measure of information conveyed by a document relative to a query.It is shown that the relationship between the document and the query, though necessary, is not sufficient to determine relevance
- Source
- Information storage and retrieval. 2(1964), S.201-203
-
Paisley, W.J.; Parker, E.B.: Information retrieval as a receiver-controlled communication system (1965)
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- Source
- Proceedings of the Symposium on Eudcation for Information Science, Warrenton, VA, Sept. 7-10, 1965. Ed.: L.B. Heilprin et al
-
Lancaster, F.W.: MEDLARS : report on the evaluation of its operating effiency (1961)
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- Footnote
- Wiederabgedruckt in: Readings in information retrieval. Ed.: K. Sparck Jones u. P. Willett. San Francisco: Morgan Kaufmann 1997. S.223-246.
-
Farradane, J.E.L.: ¬The challenge of information retrieval (1961)
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- Source
- Journal of documentation. 17(1961), S.223-244
-
Lesk, M.E.; Salton, G.: Relevance assements and retrieval system evaluation (1969)
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- Abstract
- Two widerly used criteria for evaluating the effectiveness of information retrieval systems are, respectively, the recall and the precision. Since the determiniation of these measures is dependent on a distinction between documents which are relevant to a given query and documents which are not relevant to that query, it has sometimes been claimed that an accurate, generally valid evaluation cannot be based on recall and precision measure. A study was made to determine the effect of variations in relevance assesments do not produce significant variations in average recall and precision. It thus appears that properly computed recall and precision data may represent effectiveness indicators which are gemerally valid for many distinct user classes.
- Source
- Information storage and retrieval. 4(1969), S.343-359
