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Needleman, M.: Computing resources for an online catalog : ten years later (1992)
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- Abstract
- In this article I will look at the changig computing resources required to run a large information retrieval system like the MELVYL system. I will give a historical perspective, examining the aerly days of the MELVYL system and how the system has changed in the last decade. I will also provide some perspective on how new technologies have affected large information retrieval systems and what technologies will be required of such systems in the future, as the demands and requirements of large information retrieval systems continue to mature to meet increasing user needs.
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DeHart, F.E.; Matthews, K.: Subject enhancements and OPACs : planning ahead (1990)
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- Abstract
- As librarians plan ahead to make subject enhancements available to online searchers in various possible file locations and formats, they may want to base their decisions on implications for online searching. This paper explores some of these implications with respect to unique and misleading terminology in tables of contents, Choice abstracts, and reviews from Computing reviews for thirty-six books on information and computer science chosen from the 1987 issues of Choice. It also discusses possible interacting functions in the search process served by these subject enhancements, assigned LCSH, and book title terminology
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Perry, A.: ¬The PACLink Project at the State University of New York : leveraging collections for the future (1992)
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- Abstract
- The PACLink Project grew out of discussions between a joint association of libraries and computing centres among the 4 State University of New York (SUNY) and SUNY central administration to develop a cooperative OPAC based on NOTIS. Presents a functional description of PACLink, notes the Z39.50 search and display format and the PACLink interloans module
-
Külper, U.; Schulz, U.; Will, G.: Bücherschatz - a prototype of a children's OPAC (1997)
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- Abstract
- Bücherschatz is a prototype OPAC for children developed in 1995 by interdisciplinary cooperation between the Department of Library and Information Studies, FH Hamburg, and the computing department. Its target group is children aged 8-10. The software development method followed was Steps, while prototyping uses several methods of user participation, i.e. the metaphor game, scenarios and Pictive. Bücherschatz has an attractive graphical user interface, is mouse driven, uses a metaphor arousing children's curiosity, presents topics of children's books as a defined amount of search categories tested with children, and encourages reading through book descriptions appropriate for children
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Bailey, C.W.: Public access computer systems : the next generation of library automation systems (1989)
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- Abstract
- Historically, library automation has focused attention on the automation of internal library processes, such as cataloging; however, a new generation of library automation systems intended for direct use by library patrons is emerging. These public-access computer systems are categorized and described. The types of public-access computer systems are: (1) catalog information systems, (2) electronic information systems, (3) information presentation systems, (4) instructional systems, (5) consultation systems, (6) information service and delivery systems, (7) conferencing systems, (8) integrative systems, and (9) end-user computing facilities. To be effective, these computer-based systems must be integrated with the traditional collections and services of libraries
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Beaulieu, M.; Payne, A.; Do, T.; Jones, S.: ENQUIRE Okapi project (1996)
0.06
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- Abstract
- The ENQUIRE project forms part of a series of investigations on query expansion in the Okapi experimental text retrieval system. A configurable user interface was implemented as an evaluative tool and tested in two locations on two different databases: the library catalogue of The London Business SChool and the computing section of INSPEC. The system offered a range of possible strategies based on thesaural terms for reformulating queries. These could be initiated automatically by the system or interactively with the user. The formative phase of the evaluation established the appropriateness and usability of the interface as well as users' perceptions of the underlying functionality. The aim of the large scale field trial was to determine to what extent user would select thesaural terms suggested by the system to reformulate queries, and to evaluate the effectiveness of a new dynamic form of query expansion implemented for this project
-
Murphy, F.J.; Pollitt, A.S.; White, P.R.: Matching OPAC user interfaces to user needs (1991)
0.06
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- Abstract
- Reports the results of a research project, conducted by the School of Computing and Mathematics and the Library of Huddersfield Polytechnic, into the problem of matching the user interface of OPACs to the needs of users. The project brought together issues involving: Human Computer Instruction (HCI); system methods in the determinination of user requirements; and user centred design, and prototyping in a sequence of design and evaluation cycles. These cycles applied appropriate HCI styles, techniques and equipment (such as Graphical User Interface (GUI) and a mouse pointing device) and incorporated the lessons of each evaluation, to produce an OPAC user interface, ICARUS, which differs considerably in style, behaviour and characteristcs from those commonly encountered in academic and public libraries. The project concluded by evaluating ICARUS, against the BLCMP OPAC with 38 subjects in the Library of Huddersfield Polytechnic, and demonstrating a significant improvement in performance for different tasks for the ICARUS interface
-
Borgman, C.L.: Why are online catalogs still hard to use? (1996)
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- Abstract
- We return to arguments made 10 years ago that online catalogs are difficult to use because their design does not incorporate sufficient understanding of searching behavior. The earlier article examined studies of information retrieval system searching for their implications for online catalog design; this article examines the implications of card catalog design for online catalogs. With this analysis, we hope to contribute to a better understanding of user behavior and to lay to rest the card catalog design model for online catalogs. We discuss the problems with query matching systems, which were designed for skilled search intermediaries rather than end-users, and the knowledge and skills they require in the information-seeking process, illustrated with examples of searching card and online catalogs. Searching requires conceptual knowledge of the information retrieval process - translating an information need into a searchable query; semantic knowledge of how to implement a query in a given system - the how and when to use system features; and technical skills in executing the query - basic computing skills and the syntax of entering queries as specific search statements. In the short term, we can help make online catalogs easier to use through improved training and documentation that is based on information-seeking bahavior, with the caveat that good training is not a substitute for good system design. Our long term goal should be to design intuitive systems that require a minimum of instruction. Given the complexity of the information retrieval problem and the limited capabilities of today's systems, we are far from achieving that goal. If libraries are to provide primary information services for the networked world, they need to put research results on the information-seeking process into practice in designing the next generation of online public access information retrieval systems
- Source
- Journal of the American Society for Information Science. 47(1996) no.7, S.493-503
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Caro Castro, C.; Travieso Rodríguez, C.: Ariadne's thread : knowledge structures for browsing in OPAC's (2003)
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- Abstract
- Subject searching is the most common but also the most conflictive searching for end user. The aim of this paper is to check how users expressions match subject headings and to prove if knowledge structure used in online catalogs enhances searching effectiveness. A bibliographic revision about difficulties in subject access and proposed methods to improve it is also presented. For the empirical analysis, transaction logs from two university libraries, online catalogs (CISNE and FAMA) were collected. Results show that more than a quarter of user queries are effective due to an alphabetical subject index approach and browsing through hypertextual links. 1. Introduction Since the 1980's, online public access catalogs (OPAC's) have become usual way to access bibliographic information. During the last two decades the technological development has helped to extend their use, making feasible the access for a whole of users that is getting more and more extensive and heterogeneous, and also to incorporate information resources in electronic formats and to interconnect systems. However, technology seems to have developed faster than our knowledge about the tasks where it has been applied and than the evolution of our capacities for adapting to it. The conceptual model of OPAC has been hardly modified recently, and for interacting with them, users still need to combine the same skills and basic knowledge than at the beginning of its introduction (Borgman, 1986, 2000): a) conceptual knowledge to translate the information need into an appropriate query because of a well-designed mental model of the system, b) semantic and syntactic knowledge to be able to implement that query (access fields, searching type, Boolean logic, etc.) and c) basic technical skills in computing. At present many users have the essential technical skills to make use, with more or less expertise, of a computer. This number is substantially reduced when it is referred to the conceptual, semantic and syntactic knowledge that is necessary to achieve a moderately satisfactory search. An added difficulty arises in subject searching, as users should concrete their unknown information needs in terms that the information retrieval system can understand. Many researches have focused an unskilled searchers' difficulties to enter an effective query. The mental models influence, users assumption about characteristics, structure, contents and operation of the system they interact with have been analysed (Dillon, 2000; Dimitroff, 2000). Another issue that implies difficulties is vocabulary: how to find the right terms to implement a query and to modify it as the case may be. Terminology and expressions characteristics used in searching (Bates, 1993), the match between user terms and the subject headings from the catalog (Carlyle, 1989; Drabensttot, 1996; Drabensttot & Vizine-Goetz, 1994), the incidence of spelling errors (Drabensttot and Weller, 1996; Ferl and Millsap, 1996; Walker and Jones, 1987), users problems
- Source
- Challenges in knowledge representation and organization for the 21st century: Integration of knowledge across boundaries. Proceedings of the 7th ISKO International Conference Granada, Spain, July 10-13, 2002. Ed.: M. López-Huertas
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Martin, G.: Main entry : the argument for a defence of main entry in the OPAC (1996)
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- Abstract
- Argues that the current understanding of main entry is the chief access point for the work in a physical item being described by a bibliographic record. Explains the justification for main entries while drawing attention to the few related problems as they relate to OPACs
- Source
- Cataloguing Australia. 22(1996) nos.1/2, S.21-25
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Hancock-Beaulieu, M.: Searching behaviour and the evaluation of online catalogues (1991)
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- Abstract
- Presents a brief report on a study, carried out by the Centre for Interactive Systems Research, City University, to investigate the techniques used for evaluating OPACs: to explore and assess different data gathering methods in studying information seeking behaviour at the on-line catalogue; and to examine how a transaction logging facility could be enhanced to serve as a more effective diagnostic tool. For a full report see British Library research paper 78
- Pages
- S.20-22
-
Fieldhouse, M.; Hancock-Beaulieu, M.: ¬The design of a graphical user interface for a highly interactive information retrieval system (1996)
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- Abstract
- Reports on the design of a GUI for the Okapi 'best match' retrieval system developed at the Centre for Interactive Systems Research, City University, UK, for online library catalogues. The X-Windows interface includes an interactive query expansion (IQE) facilty which involves the user in the selection of query terms to reformulate a search. Presents the design rationale, based on a game board metaphor, and describes the features of each of the stages of the search interaction. Reports on the early operational field trial and discusses relevant evaluation issues and objectives
- Source
- Information retrieval: new systems and current research. Proceedings of the 16th Research Colloquium of the British Computer Society Information Retrieval Specialist Group, Drymen, Scotland, 22-23 Mar 94. Ed.: R. Leon
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Beccaria, M.; Scott, D.: Fac-Back-OPAC : an open source interface to your library system (2007)
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- Abstract
- Fac-Back-OPAC is a faceted back up OPAC. This advanced catalog offers features that compare favorably with the traditional catalogs for today's library systems. Fac-Back-OPAC represents the convergence of two prominent trends in library tools: the decoupling of discovery tools from the traditional integrated library system and the use of readily available open source components to rapidly produce leading-edge technology for meeting patron and library needs. Built on code that was originally developed by Casey Durfee in February 2007, Fac-Back-OPAC is available for no cost under an open source license to any library that wants to offer an advanced search interface or a backup catalog for its patrons.
- Date
- 17. 8.2008 11:22:47
-
Goldberg, T.; Neagle, E.: Serials information in the OPAC : a model for shared responsibility (1996)
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- Abstract
- Two departments at Louisville University, Kentucky, one in public services and the other in technical services, share responsibility for creating and maintaing serials information in the NOTIS order/pay/receipt (OPR) record. Explains the various notes kept in OPR statements, as well as the benefits of this cooperative effort to usrs and staff
- Source
- Serials review. 22(1996) no.4, S.55-63
-
Lee, Y.-R.: ¬A study on the conditions of using OPAC access points and subject searching by users (1997)
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- Abstract
- Uses the results of various user studies to offer some insight into user behaviour in connection with OPAC access points and to explore conditions for subject searching, the difficulties involved and the matching of queries to subject headings. Sums up suggestions for the improvement of subject access to OPACs
- Source
- Bulletin of library and information science. 1997, no.22, S.39-55
-
Alonso Lifante, M.P.; Molero Madrid, F.J.: Enhancing OPAC records : evaluating and fitting within cataloguing standards a new proposal of description parameters for historical astronomical resources (2015)
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- Abstract
- Enhancing content description of specialized resources, particularly astronomical resources, is a matter that is still unresolved in library and information science. In this paper, the authors outline deficiencies in some fields and elements of cataloging standards for description of historical astronomical resources, mainly star atlases and catalogs. Furthermore, they review their recent proposal of astronomical parameters for a better description and propose an approach for accommodating these parameters in the current criteria of MARC 21, the International Standard Bibliographic Description, and Resource Description and Access. Fourteen new parameters are considered, and recommendations are provided to standards developers for the addition of elements to accommodate attributes of celestial cartographic resources. This would improve bibliographic records for such resources in astronomical libraries' OPACs, which will have a beneficial effect on information retrieval.
- Date
- 10. 9.2000 17:38:22
-
Striedieck, S.: Online catalog maintenance : the OOPS command in LIAS (1985)
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- Abstract
- LIAS, the Pennsylvania State University's (Penn State) integrated interactive online system, provides for messaging by the user to inform library staff of errors found in bibliographic records. The message is sent by use of the OOPS command, and results in a printout which is used by processing staff for online catalog maintenance. This article describes LIAS, the use of the OOPS command, the processing of the resulting OOPS reports, an assessment of the effect of its use, and some speculation on the expansion of the LIAS message system for use in catalog maintenance.
- Date
- 7. 1.2007 13:22:30
-
Kaske, N.K.: ¬A comparative study of subject searching in an OPAC among branch libraries of a university library system (1988)
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- Abstract
- The degree of variability in the percentage of subject searching in an online public access catalog (OPAC) among branch libraries of one university was studied. A full semester's worth of transactions was analyzed, not sampled. The time units used were hour of the day, day of the week, and week of the semester. The findings show that subject searching varies from a low of 22% to a high of 74% over the hours of a day. Variability for the days of the week ranged from 17% to 64%, and for the weeks of the semester variability ranged from 12% to 70%. Valuable management information on the utilization of the OPAC within each brach library and among all the branch libraries is provided through numerous charts and graphs.
-
Sloan, B.G.: Remote access : design implications for the online catalog (1991)
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- Date
- 8. 1.2007 17:22:42
- Footnote
- Simultaneously published as Enhancing Access to Information: Designing Catalogs for the 21st Century
-
Casale, M.: Searching for a common language (1996)
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- Abstract
- Describes the availability, use and value of Z39.50, an international standard which allows a librarian accessing a database on one computer platform to search an OPAC hosted on another computer with a totally different database structure. Experiences of those working with the standard are given, and its use by the European Union IRIS project to link 6 major Irish research libraries is examined. Despite some problems encountered with different forms of author cataloguing and possible competition from the WWW, the standard is seen as possessing considerable strengths, for example in searching different catalogues and presenting the results in a standard format on screen, which justify the continuing interest of librarians
- Source
- Library manager. 1996, no.14, S.22-23
