-
Pratt, A.D.: Information and emmorphosis : an attempt at definition (1980)
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- Source
- Theory and application of information research. Proc. of the 2nd Int. Research Forum on Information Science, 3.-6.8.1977, Copenhagen. Ed.: O. Harbo u. L. Kajberg
-
Houston, R.D.; Harmon, E.G.: Re-envisioning the information concept : systematic definitions (2002)
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- Date
- 22. 2.2007 18:56:23
22. 2.2007 19:22:13
- Source
- Emerging frameworks and methods: Proceedings of the Fourth International Conference on the Conceptions of Library and Information Science (CoLIS4), Seattle, WA, July 21 - 25, 2002. Eds.: Fidel, R., H. Bruce, P. Ingwersen u. P. Vakkari
-
Capurro, R.: On the genealogy of information (1996)
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- Source
- Information: new questions to a multidisciplinary concept. Ed.: K. Kornwachs u. K. Jacoby
-
Ingwersen, P.; Järvelin, K.: ¬The turn : integration of information seeking and retrieval in context (2005)
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- Abstract
- The Turn analyzes the research of information seeking and retrieval (IS&R) and proposes a new direction of integrating research in these two areas: the fields should turn off their separate and narrow paths and construct a new avenue of research. An essential direction for this avenue is context as given in the subtitle Integration of Information Seeking and Retrieval in Context. Other essential themes in the book include: IS&R research models, frameworks and theories; search and works tasks and situations in context; interaction between humans and machines; information acquisition, relevance and information use; research design and methodology based on a structured set of explicit variables - all set into the holistic cognitive approach. The present monograph invites the reader into a construction project - there is much research to do for a contextual understanding of IS&R. The Turn represents a wide-ranging perspective of IS&R by providing a novel unique research framework, covering both individual and social aspects of information behavior, including the generation, searching, retrieval and use of information. Regarding traditional laboratory information retrieval research, the monograph proposes the extension of research toward actors, search and work tasks, IR interaction and utility of information. Regarding traditional information seeking research, it proposes the extension toward information access technology and work task contexts. The Turn is the first synthesis of research in the broad area of IS&R ranging from systems oriented laboratory IR research to social science oriented information seeking studies. TOC:Introduction.- The Cognitive Framework for Information.- The Development of Information Seeking Research.- Systems-Oriented Information Retrieval.- Cognitive and User-Oriented Information Retrieval.- The Integrated IS&R Research Framework.- Implications of the Cognitive Framework for IS&R.- Towards a Research Program.- Conclusion.- Definitions.- References.- Index.
- Footnote
- Rez. in: Mitt. VÖB 59(2006) H.2, S.81-83 (O. Oberhauser): "Mit diesem Band haben zwei herausragende Vertreter der europäischen Informationswissenschaft, die Professoren Peter Ingwersen (Kopenhagen) und Kalervo Järvelin (Tampere) ein Werk vorgelegt, das man vielleicht dereinst als ihr opus magnum bezeichnen wird. Mich würde dies nicht überraschen, denn die Autoren unternehmen hier den ambitionierten Versuch, zwei informations wissenschaftliche Forschungstraditionen, die einander bisher in eher geringem Ausmass begegneten, unter einem gesamtheitlichen kognitiven Ansatz zu vereinen - das primär im sozialwissenschaftlichen Bereich verankerte Forschungsgebiet "Information Seeking and Retrieval" (IS&R) und das vorwiegend im Informatikbereich angesiedelte "Information Retrieval" (IR). Dabei geht es ihnen auch darum, den seit etlichen Jahren zwar dominierenden, aber auch als zu individualistisch kritisierten kognitiven Ansatz so zu erweitern, dass technologische, verhaltensbezogene und kooperative Aspekte in kohärenter Weise berücksichtigt werden. Dies geschieht auf folgende Weise in neun Kapiteln: - Zunächst werden die beiden "Lager" - die an Systemen und Laborexperimenten orientierte IR-Tradition und die an Benutzerfragen orientierte IS&R-Fraktion - einander gegenübergestellt und einige zentrale Begriffe geklärt. - Im zweiten Kapitel erfolgt eine ausführliche Darstellung der kognitiven Richtung der Informationswissenschaft, insbesondere hinsichtlich des Informationsbegriffes. - Daran schliesst sich ein Überblick über die bisherige Forschung zu "Information Seeking" (IS) - eine äusserst brauchbare Einführung in die Forschungsfragen und Modelle, die Forschungsmethodik sowie die in diesem Bereich offenen Fragen, z.B. die aufgrund der einseitigen Ausrichtung des Blickwinkels auf den Benutzer mangelnde Betrachtung der Benutzer-System-Interaktion. - In analoger Weise wird im vierten Kapitel die systemorientierte IRForschung in einem konzentrierten Überblick vorgestellt, in dem es sowohl um das "Labormodell" als auch Ansätze wie die Verarbeitung natürlicher Sprache und Expertensysteme geht. Aspekte wie Relevanz, Anfragemodifikation und Performanzmessung werden ebenso angesprochen wie die Methodik - von den ersten Laborexperimenten bis zu TREC und darüber hinaus.
- Kapitel fünf enthält einen entsprechenden Überblick über die kognitive und benutzerorientierte IR-Tradition. Es zeigt, welche anderen (als nur die labororientierten) IR-Studien durchgeführt werden können, wobei sich die Betrachtung von frühen Modellen (z.B. Taylor) über Belkins ASK-Konzept bis zu Ingwersens Modell der Polyrepräsentation, und von Bates Berrypicking-Ansatz bis zu Vakkaris "taskbased" IR-Modell erstreckt. Auch Web-IR, OKAPI und Diskussionen zum Relevanzbegriff werden hier thematisiert. - Im folgenden Kapitel schlagen die Autoren ein integriertes IS&R Forschungsmodell vor, bei dem die vielfältigen Beziehungen zwischen Informationssuchenden, Systementwicklern, Oberflächen und anderen beteiligten Aspekten berücksichtigt werden. Ihr Ansatz vereint die traditionelle Laborforschung mit verschiedenen benutzerorientierten Traditionen aus IS&R, insbesondere mit den empirischen Ansätzen zu IS und zum interaktiven IR, in einem holistischen kognitiven Modell. - Kapitel sieben untersucht die Implikationen dieses Modells für IS&R, wobei besonders ins Auge fällt, wie komplex die Anfragen von Informationssuchenden im Vergleich mit der relativen Einfachheit der Algorithmen zum Auffinden relevanter Dokumente sind. Die Abbildung der vielfältig variierenden kognitiven Zustände der Anfragesteller im Rahmen der der Systementwicklung ist sicherlich keine triviale Aufgabe. Wie dabei das Problem der Einbeziehung des zentralen Aspektes der Bedeutung gelöst werden kann, sei dahingestellt. - Im achten Kapitel wird der Versuch unternommen, die zuvor diskutierten Punkte in ein IS&R-Forschungsprogramm (Prozesse - Verhalten - Systemfunktionalität - Performanz) umzusetzen, wobei auch einige kritische Anmerkungen zur bisherigen Forschungspraxis getroffen werden. - Das abschliessende neunte Kapitel fasst das Buch kurz zusammen und kann somit auch als Einstieg in dieThematik gelesen werden. Darauffolgen noch ein sehr nützliches Glossar zu allen wichtigen Begriffen, die in dem Buch Verwendung finden, eine Bibliographie und ein Sachregister. Ingwersen und Järvelin haben hier ein sehr anspruchsvolles und dennoch lesbares Buch vorgelegt. Die gebotenen Übersichtskapitel und Diskussionen sind zwar keine Einführung in die Informationswissenschaft, decken aber einen grossen Teil der heute in dieser Disziplin aktuellen und durch laufende Forschungsaktivitäten und Publikationen berührten Teilbereiche ab. Man könnte es auch - vielleicht ein wenig überspitzt - so formulieren: Was hier thematisiert wird, ist eigentlich die moderne Informationswissenschaft. Der Versuch, die beiden Forschungstraditionen zu vereinen, wird diesem Werk sicherlich einen Platz in der Geschichte der Disziplin sichern. Nicht ganz glücklich erscheint der Titel des Buches. "The Turn" soll eine Wende bedeuten, nämlich jene hin zu einer integrierten Sicht von IS und IR. Das geht vermutlich aus dem Untertitel besser hervor, doch dieser erschien den Autoren wohl zu trocken. Schade, denn "The Turn" gibt es z.B. in unserem Verbundkatalog bereits, allerdings mit dem Zusatz "from the Cold War to a new era; the United States and the Soviet Union 1983-1990". Der Verlag, der abgesehen davon ein gediegenes (wenn auch nicht gerade wohlfeiles) Produkt vorgelegt hat, hätte derlei unscharfe Duplizierend besser verhindert. Ungeachtet dessen empfehle ich dieses wichtige Buch ohne Vorbehalt zur Anschaffung; es sollte in keiner grösseren Bibliothek fehlen."
- Theme
- Semantisches Umfeld in Indexierung u. Retrieval
-
Fenzel, N.; Fleißner, P.; Hofkirchner, W.; Jahn, R.; Stockinger, G.: On the genesis of information structures : a view that is neither reductionistic nor holistic (1996)
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- Source
- Information: new questions to a multidisciplinary concept. Ed.: K. Kornwachs u. K. Jacoby
-
Theories of information, communication and knowledge : a multidisciplinary approach (2014)
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- Content
- Introduction; 1. Fidelia Ibekwe-SanJuan and Thomas Dousa.- 2. Cybersemiotics: A new foundation for transdisciplinary theory of information, cognition, meaning, communication and consciousness; Soren Brier.- 3. Epistemology and the Study of Social Information within the Perspective of a Unified Theory of Information;Wolfgang Hofkirchner.- 4. Perception and Testimony as Data Providers; Luciano Floridi.- 5. Human communication from the semiotic perspective; Winfried Noth.- 6. Mind the gap: transitions between concepts of information in varied domains; Lyn Robinson and David Bawden.- 7. Information and the disciplines: A conceptual meta-analysis; Jonathan Furner.- 8. Epistemological Challenges for Information Science; Ian Cornelius.- 9. The nature of information science and its core concepts; Birger Hjorland.- 10. Visual information construing: bistability as a revealer of mediating patterns; Sylvie Leleu-Merviel. - 11. Understanding users' informational constructs via a triadic method approach: a case study; Michel Labour. - 12. Documentary languages and the demarcation of information units in textual information: the case of Julius O. Kaisers's Systematic Indexing
- Editor
- Ibekwe-SanJuan, F. u. T.M. Dousa
- Footnote
- Rez. in: JASIST 65(2014) no.6, S.1299-1302 (A.P. Carlin), KO 42(2915) no.2, S.129-133 (R. Szostak)
-
Weitzendorf, T.; Wigand, R.: Cultural influences on information quality (2015)
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- Source
- Re:inventing information science in the networked society: Proceedings of the 14th International Symposium on Information Science, Zadar/Croatia, 19th-21st May 2015. Eds.: F. Pehar, C. Schloegl u. C. Wolff
-
Great information disasters : twelve prime examples of how information mismanagement led to human misery, political misfortune and business failure (1991)
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- Abstract
- Enthält: ANDERLA, G.: Is the West losing the information productivity contest?; BOEHM, E.H.: Hitler's decision to attack the Soviet Union, 1941; BURNS, C.: Three Miles Island: the information meltdown; CAWKELL, A.E.: The Tacoma Bridge disaster: a lesson in disregarding information?; DIENER, R.A.V.: Cultural dissolution, a societal information disaster: the case of the Yir Yoront in Australia; KIST, J.: Disaster at Arnhem: the role of information during the operation 'Market Garden' in September 1944; LYTLE, R.: The PPS information system development disaster in the early 1980s; NORTON, B. u. S. GOTTS: The events of October 1987; PRICE, W.H.: The pinnacle of deception: civil war intelligence and signals in 1864; SOPHAR, G.: $ 170.000 down the drain: the MRAIS story; TAYLOR, R.S.: Comments on Gaskill's 'Timetable of a failure'; WEITZEL, J.R. u. D.A. MARCHAND: The US Stock market crash of 1987: the role of information system malfunctions
- Editor
- Horton, F.W. Jr u. D. Lewis
-
Fugmann, R.: What is information? : an information veteran looks back (2022)
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- Date
- 18. 8.2022 19:22:57
-
Smith, L.C.: "Wholly new forms of encyclopedias" : electronic knowledge in the form of hypertext (1989)
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- Date
- 7. 1.1996 22:47:52
- Source
- Information, knowledge, evolution. Proceedings of the 44th FID Congress, Helsinki, 28.8.-1.9.1988. Ed. by S. Koshiala and R. Launo
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Voigt, U.: With Aristotle towards a differentiated concept of information? (2014)
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- Source
- Philosophy, computing and information science. Eds.: R. Hagengruber u. U.V. Riss
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Mackay, D.M.: ¬The wider scope of information theory (1983)
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- Source
- The study of information: interdisciplinary messages. Ed.: F. Machlup u. U. Mansfield
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Crowe, M.; Beeby, R.; Gammack, J.: Constructing systems and information : a process view (1996)
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- Date
- 25.12.2001 13:22:30
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Floridi, L.: ¬The Fourth Revolution in our self-understanding (2014)
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- Philosophy, computing and information science. Eds.: R. Hagengruber u. U.V. Riss
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Krebs, J.: Information transfer as a metaphor (2014)
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- Philosophy, computing and information science. Eds.: R. Hagengruber u. U.V. Riss
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Fuchs-Kittowski, K.: The influence of philosophy on the understanding of computing and information (2014)
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- Philosophy, computing and information science. Eds.: R. Hagengruber u. U.V. Riss
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Time, quantum and information (2003)
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- Editor
- Castell, L. u. O. Ischebeck
-
Davies, R.: Document, information or knowledge? : choices for librarians (1983)
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Bar-Hillel, Y.; Carnap, R.: ¬An outline of a theory of semantic information (1953)
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Capurro, R.; Fleissner, P.; Hofkirchner, W.: Is a unified theory of information feasible? (1997)
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