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Large, J.A.: New Grolier electronic encyclopedia (1990)
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- Language
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- CD-ROM information products: an evaluative guide and directory. Ed.: C.J. Armstrong et al
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Automating the lexicon : research and practice in a multilingual environment (1995)
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- Editor
- Walker, D.E. et al.
- Language
- e
-
Reference reviews Europe annual : abstracts of reviews published in Informationsmittel für Bibliotheken (1997)
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- Editor
- Garrett, J. et al.
- Language
- e
-
Reference reviews Europe annual : abstracts of reviews published in Informationsmittel für Bibliotheken (1998)
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- Editor
- Garrett, J. et al.
- Language
- e
-
Reference reviews Europe annual : abstracts of reviews published in Informationsmittel für Bibliotheken (1996-)
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- Editor
- Garrett, J. et al.
- Footnote
- Rez. in: ZfBB 44(1997) H.1, S.102 (E. Tröger); IfB 4(1996) H.4, S.575-576 (K. Schreiber); IfB 7(1999) H.1/4, S.72-73 (K. Schreiber)
- Language
- e
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Akaichi, J.; Losfeld, G.: Domain knowledge organization for encyclopaedia design : an object oriented approach (1998)
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- Structures and relations in knowledge organization: Proceedings of the 5th International ISKO-Conference, Lille, 25.-29.8.1998. Ed.: W. Mustafa el Hadi et al
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Rajeev, K.R.; Binu, K.: Information resources on the Internet : its selection and organisation (1998)
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- Abstract
- Internet contains information resources from all fields and the many utilities, such as e-mail and USENET, are useful to libraries in providing information services to users. Describes alternative ways of organising information about the information on the Net. To take full advantage of Internet potential, librarians need to become more knowledgeable about the options available and need to develop skills to use new tools and facilities
- Language
- e
- Source
- Information management in academic and research libraries: Proceedings of the 5th National convention for Automation of Libraries in Education and Research (CALIBER-98), Bhubaneswar, India, 4-5 March 1998. Ed. by M. Mahapatra et al
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Archdale, G.H.: Tourism information services in the electronic age : worldwide trends and developments (1994)
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- Online information 94. Proceedings of the 18th International Online Meeting, London, 6-8 Dec 1994. Ed. by D.I. Raitt et al
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Stoker, D.; Cooke, A.: Evaluation of networked information sources (1995)
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- Language
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- Information superhighway: the role of librarians, information scientists, and intermediaries. Festschrift in honor of Frederick Wilfred Lancaster. 17th International Essen Symposium, 24.-27.10.1994. Ed. A.H. Helal et al
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Ardö, A.; Godby, J.; Houghton, A.; Koch, T.; Reighart, R.; Thompson, R.; Vizine-Goetz, D.: Browsing engineering resources on the Web : a general knowledge organization scheme (Dewey) vs. a special scheme (EI) (2000)
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- Dynamism and stability in knowledge organization: Proceedings of the 6th International ISKO-Conference, 10-13 July 2000, Toronto, Canada. Ed.: C. Beghtol et al
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Van der Walt, M.: South African search engines, directories and portals : a survey and evaluation (2000)
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- Language
- e
- Source
- Dynamism and stability in knowledge organization: Proceedings of the 6th International ISKO-Conference, 10-13 July 2000, Toronto, Canada. Ed.: C. Beghtol et al
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Digital library use : social practice in design and evaluation (2003)
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- Footnote
- Rez. in: JASIST 57(2006) no.8, S.1130-1132 (S.R. Tompson): "The editors of This text in MIT Press' Digital Libraries and Electronic Publishing series deliberately view digital libraries (DLs) as "sociotechnical systems" - "networks of technology. information. documents, people and practices''. They allow an additional definition of "sociotechnical" as "an analytical stance that privileges neither the social nor the technological and in which neither is reducible to the other". This is an important definition, as it is the foundation of the contributors' sociological approach to digital libraries, an approach not typical of the DL literature which still focuses "largely on the technology itself". Bishop et al. have two stated goals for this volume: 1. "... to inform police and professional practice in DLs with socially grounded understanding of DLs as part of a web of social relations and practices. 2. "... to perform technically informed social analysis of phenomena of interest to social scientists that are highlighted by digital libraries. specifically issues of work, groups, and knowledge"."
- Language
- e
-
Schaefer, M.T.: Project Aristotle & Cyberstacks : automating the virtual Internet library (1998)
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- Abstract
- Project Aristotle is a Web site clearinghouse for projects and products dealing with the automated location, categorisation, classification and organization of Web resources. Describes projects of interest to librarians and that illustrate current success in automating the cyberspace library: PHOAKS (People Helping One Anothe Know Staff; http://phoaks.com/index.html); WISE (World Wide Web Index and Search Engine; http://www.cs.ust.hk/IndexServer); WebSEEk; ET-Space (Entertainment Space; http://ai.bpa.arizona.edu/et); the Bookmark Organizer; Webmap; HyPursuit; HotPage Plus; Netscape Catalog Server; and CyberStacks
- Language
- e
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Naumann, M. (Bearb.): Diderots Enzyklopädie : eine Auswahl (2001)
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- Date
- 22. 3.2008 16:17:01
- Footnote
- Originaltitel: Encyclopédie, ou dictionnaire raisonné des sciences, des arts et des métiers
- RSWK
- Encyclopédie ou dictionnaire raisonné des sciences, des arts et des métiers
- Subject
- Encyclopédie ou dictionnaire raisonné des sciences, des arts et des métiers
-
Guba, B.: Bibliotheksangebote in Universitätsportalen : Chancen und Risiken (2007)
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- Abstract
- Die rasante Entwicklung der luK-Technologien in den letzten Jahren hat das Angebot von wissenschaftlichen Bibliotheken stark beeinflusst. Es umfasst heutzutage bekanntermaßen nicht mehr nur den OPAC. Elektronische Datenbanken und Zeitschriften gehören zum Standard, und auch Dokumentenserver, digitalisierte Texte oder Bildmaterialien sowie elektronische Auskunftsservices sind immer öfter anzutreffen. Bislang wurden diese Dienstleistungen über Websites der Institutionen präsentiert und bekannt gemacht. Seit Ende der 1990er Jahre fand hingegen vor allem in Bibliotheken in den USA das Portalkonzept Anklang, von dem man sich einen vereinfachten Zugang zu den vielfältigen Angeboten und somit eine bessere Nutzung derselben versprach. Es entstanden MyLibrary-Portale wie z. B. an der Virginia Commonwealth University, auf das später eingegangen wird. Was aber sind Portale? Worin unterscheiden sie sich von herkömmlichen Websites? Die Definition des Fraunhofer Instituts für Arbeitswirtschaft und Organisation (Kirchhof et al. 2004) lautet: "Ein Portal ist definiert als eine Applikation, welche basierend auf Webtechnologien einen zentralen Zugriff auf personalisierte Inhalte sowie bedarfsgerecht auf Prozesse darstellt. Charakterisierend für Portale ist die Verknüpfung und der Datenaustausch zwischen heterogenen Anwendungen über eine Portalplattform. Eine manuelle Anmeldung an den in das Portal integrierten Anwendungen ist durch Single-Sign-On nicht mehr notwendig, es gibt einen zentralen Zugriff über eine homogene Benutzungsoberfläche. Portale bieten die Möglichkeit, Prozesse und Zusammenarbeit innerhalb heterogener Gruppen zu unterstützen." Wesentlich neu gegenüber bislang bestehenden Ansätzen für Internet- und Intranettechnologien sind also der Integrationsaspekt und die Prozessorientierung, wobei die besondere Attraktivität von Portalen in der einmaligen Anmeldung bei sämtlichen in das Portal integrierten Anwendungen liegt. Ein weiterer Vorteil ist die Möglichkeit, das gesamte Informationsangebot zu personalisieren, d. h., auf die Bedürfnisse bestimmter Gruppen und Individuen zuzuschneiden. Hinzuzufügen ist zu oben stehender Definition, dass die Personalisierung auch das Layout betreffen kann.
-
Walther, R.: Stoff für den Salon (2005)
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- Content
- Diese Verhältnisse durchbrach Brockhaus mit einer schlichten Rechnung: Von 100 Millionen deutschsprachigen Europäern sind 75 Millionen Frauen und Kinder, die entfielen ihm zufolge als Käufer. Von den restlichen 25 Millionen sollte jeder 25. - also die Bildungs- und Besitzbürger - ein Konversationslexikon kaufen. Diesen Markt wollte er erobern. Drei Jahre nach dem Kauf des "Conversationslexikons" verlegte Brockhaus sein Geschäft nach Altenburg, wo er die Konversationslexika druckte und vertrieb. Aus den zunächst sechs Bänden wurden schnell zehn. Bereits von der 5. Auflage (1818/20) verkaufte Brockhaus 32.000 Exemplare. Der Erfolg des neuen Informationsmediums rief Konkurrenten auf den Plan: 1822 brachten Johann Friedrich Pierer und sein Sohn Heinrich August das "Encyclopädische Wörterbuch der Wissenschaften und Künste" heraus, das im 19. Jahrhundert sieben Auflagen schaffte und dann vom Markt verschwand. Zu einem schärferen Konkurrenten wurden Joseph Meyer und Hermann Julius Meyer, deren "Großes Conversationslexikon für die gebildeten Stände" mit 46 Bänden und 6 Ergänzungsbänden (1839-1852) das umfangreichste Werk bildet, von dem 200.000 Exemplare verkauft wurden. Bartholomä Herder schließlich war der dritte und kleinste Mitbewerber auf dem lukrativen Lexikonmarkt. Die Konversationslexika sind aber auch die Folge eines konzeptionellen Scheiterns und einer Revolution des Wissens. Im sprichwörtlich enzyklopädischen 18. Jahrhundert wollte man das gesamte Wissen zusammenfassen. Aus diesem Geist umfassender Aufklärung entstanden die großen Enzyklopädien oder Universallexika. Johann Heinrich Zedler benötigte 22 Jahre (1732-1754) für die 68 Bände des "Großen vollständigen Universallexikons aller Wissenschaften und Künste": Denis Diderot und Jean Le Rond d'Alembert brachten die 35 Bände der "Enyclopédie ou dictionnaire raisonnédes sciences; des arts et des métiers" (1751-1780) in 29 Jahren heraus, wobei der wichtigste Mitarbeiter meistens ungenannt blieb: Chevalier Louis de Jaucourt (1704-1780), von dem man fast nichts weiß und von dem kein Bild existiert, schrieb in den Bänden 3 bis 17 nachweislich 28 Prozent der Artikel, in den letzten Bänden rund 40 Prozent.
Nach dem Zweiten Weltkrieg sind aus den Wissen popularisierenden Konversationslexika wissenschaftlich fundierte Nachschlagewerke geworden, die mehr Enzyklopädien des 18. Jahrhunderts gleichen als den ersten Konversationslexika. Der "Brockhaus" hat dem Kriterium der Aktualität immer große Bedeutung eingeräumt. Aber noch die Erarbeitung der 19. Auflage dauerte volle acht Jahre, von 1986 bis 1994. Für die 20. Auflage wurden erstmals Computer und Datenbanken eingesetzt, was die Bearbeitungszeit auf dreieinhalb Jahre verkürzte. Die im Herbst 20o5 erscheinende 21. Auflage wird 30 Bände umfassen und in der Rekordzeit von einem Jahr hergestellt. Wissen vermehrt und verändert sich immer schneller. Die Arbeit am Wissen der Gegenwart gleicht deshalb einer permanenten Baustelle. Die Erfassung des Wissenswandels verlangt Antworten auf heikle Gewichtungs- und Wer tungsfragen. Natürlich will ein heutiger Benützer wissen, was eine "CD-ROM" oder ein "Carver-Ski" ist. Andererseits kann ein Lexikon unmöglich, alle technischen Neuerungen registrieren. Das Lexikon muss aus der Masse des täglich neuentstehenden Wissens das Wichtige auswählen, benutzerfreundlich ordnen und das veraltete Wissen so eliminieren, dass keine kulturellen Brüche entstehen. Auch die Spuren der Erinnerung an wissenschaftliche Irrtümer und Sackgassen dürfen nicht völlig gelöscht werden. Noch vor fünf Jahren erklärte Dieter E. Zimmer, "gedruckte Enzyklopädien haben ausgedient" (Zeit vom 10.2.2000) und setzte auf elektronische Lexika, die sozusagen stündlich aktualisiert werden könnten. Wie auf anderen Gebieten hat sich auch bei den Lexika die Cyber-Euphorie überlebt. Die berühmte"Encyclopaedia Britannica" wollte 1999 den Druck des Werks einstellen, erschien aber nach einem kurzen Auftritt im Internet aktualisiert doch wieder gedruckt in 32 Bänden (2002/03). Brockhaus wird die papierene Version des Lexikons nicht ersetzen, sondern durch medienspezifische neue Features auf DVD und Onlineportale ergänzen. Aber auch hier ist man vorsichtig geworden, denn alle Onlinedienste haben die "hohen betriebswirtschaftlichen Erwartungen (...) bis heute nicht erfüllt" (schreibt Thomas Keiderling in der Firmengeschichte). Momentan erscheint der Trend für Nachschlagewerke im Internet eher rückläufig, weil die Finanzierung des Angebots durch Werbung nicht funktioniert. Die Befürch-tung, den gedruckten Konversationslexika könnten es im neuen Jahrhundert untergehen, so wie sie Universalenzyklopädien Ende des 18. Jahrhunderts verdrängten, ist nicht akut."
- Date
- 10. 8.2005 15:24:22
- Footnote
- Mit weiteren historischen Angaben: Sonderbarer Nutzen Der Schulschriftsteller und Lehrer Johann Hübner veröffentlichte 1704 in Leipzig das erste große deutschsprachige Lexikon unter dem Titel "Reales Staats-, Zeitungsund Conversationslexikon, darinnen sowohl die Religionen und staatliche Orden, die Reiche und Staaten, Meere, Seen, Insuln, Flüsse, Städte, Festungen, Schlösser, Häven, Berge, nebst alltäglichen Terminis Juridicis und Technicis, Gelehrten und Ungelehrten zu sonderbaren Nutzen klar und deutlich beschrieben werden". An Frauen richtete sich das Frauenzimmer-Lexicon aus dem Jahr 1715, von Gottlieb Sigmund Corvinus unter dem Pseudonym Amaranthes veröffentlicht. Die Oeconomische Encyklopädie des Arztes und Schriftstellers Johann Georg Krünitz, von 1773 bis 1858 in 242 Bänden erschienen, gilt als das umfangreichste deutsche Lexikon. Die völlig neu bearbeitete B. Auflage von Meyers Lexikon entstand von 1935 bis 1942 unter der unmittelbaren Kontrolle der "Parteiamtlichen Prüfungskommission" (PKK) der NSDAP. Da der braune Meyer dementsprechend tendenziös ausfiel, befand die NSDAP, dass für das Ausland eine gemäßigtere Version gemacht werden sollte. Weder das braune noch das neutralere Projekt wurden beendet. Nach dem Krieg wurden die vorhandenen Bände von der Alliierten Kontrollkommission konfisziert. Eine so genannte Antienzyklopädie erstellte Pierre Bayle (1647-1706) mit dem "Dictionaire Historique et Critique" (DHC). Im Gegensatz zu normalen Lexika stellte der DHC Meinungen direkt neben Gegenmeinungen, stellte Wissen nicht als gesicherte Fakten dar, sondern zog Fakten sogar in Zweifel. Dadurch ermutigte er seine Leser zu selbstständigem Denken und machte Fakten überprüfbar. Der DHC ist eine quellenkritische Bestandsaufnahme des theologischen, philsophischen und historischen Wissens seiner Zeit.
-
Subject gateways (2000)
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- Date
- 22. 6.2002 19:43:01
- Language
- e
-
McIlvaine, E.: Selected reference books of 1998-1999 (1999)
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- Date
- 29.12.1999 13:22:36
- Language
- e
-
Pipp, E.: E-Psyche - "die umfassendste, kostengünstigste und aktuellste Datenbank im Fachbereich Psychologie"??? (2001)
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- Date
- 20. 1.2002 18:22:30
-
Rowley, J.: Current awareness in an electronic age (1998)
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- Date
- 22. 2.1999 17:50:37
- Language
- e
- Source
- Online and CD-ROM review. 22(1998) no.4, S.277-279
