Search (396 results, page 1 of 20)

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Abstract

The intricate 3D structure of the CNS lends itself to multimedia presentation, and is depicted here by way of dynamic 3D models that can be freely rotated, and in over 200 illustrations taken from the successful book "The Human Central Nervous System" by R. Nieuwenhuys et al, allowing the user to explore all aspects of this complex and fascinating subject. All this fully hyperlinked with over 2000 specialist terms. Optimal exam revision is guaranteed with the self-study option. For further information please contact: http://www.brainmedia.de/html/frames/pr/pr<BL>5/pr<BL>5<BL>02.html

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Source

¬The Semantic Web : 6th International Semantic Web Conference, 2nd Asian Semantic Web Conference, ISWC 2007 + ASWC 2007, Busan, Korea, November 11-15, 2007 : proceedings. Ed.: Karl Aberer et al

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Abstract

An event is a specific occurrence involving participants, which is a typed, n-ary association of entities or other events, each identified as a participant in a specific semantic role in the event (Pyysalo et al. 2012; Linguistic Data Consortium 2005). Event types may vary across domains. Representing relationships between events can facilitate the understanding of knowledge in complex systems (such as economic systems, human body, social systems). In the simplest form, an event can be represented as Entity A <Relation> Entity B. This paper evaluates several knowledge organization and visualization models and tools, such as concept maps (Cmap), topic maps (Ontopia), network analysis models (Gephi), and ontology (Protégé), then proposes an event relationship model that aims to integrate the strengths of these models, and can represent complex knowledge expressed in events and their relationships.

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Pages

S.15-22

Source

Proceedings of the 15th European Networked Knowledge Organization Systems Workshop (NKOS 2016) co-located with the 20th International Conference on Theory and Practice of Digital Libraries 2016 (TPDL 2016), Hannover, Germany, September 9, 2016. Edi. by Philipp Mayr et al. [http://ceur-ws.org/Vol-1676/=urn:nbn:de:0074-1676-5]

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Editor

Ministère de l'Enseignement Supérieur et de la Recherche

Footnote

Rez. in: ZfBB 45(1998) H.4, S.437-447 (W. Sühl-Strohmenger u. R. Volk-Thoma)

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Source

Proceedings of the 15th European Networked Knowledge Organization Systems Workshop (NKOS 2016) co-located with the 20th International Conference on Theory and Practice of Digital Libraries 2016 (TPDL 2016), Hannover, Germany, September 9, 2016. Edi. by Philipp Mayr et al. [http://ceur-ws.org/Vol-1676/=urn:nbn:de:0074-1676-5]

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Abstract

Der wirkungsvolle und erfolgreiche Umgang mit Wissen wird erst durch aufeinander abgestimmte Management-Bausteine erreicht, wie sie heute im Rahmen von Konzeptionen eines Wissensmanagements formuliert werden. Bausteine eines solchen Wissensmanagements sind auf strategischer wie auf operativer Ebene angesiedelt. Auf der strategischen Ebene geht es vor allem um die Formulierung von Wissenszielen der Organisation, basierend auf den als kritisch erkannten Erfolgsfaktoren. Auf der operativen Ebene benennen verschiedene Konzeptionen eines Wissensmanagement heute unterschiedlich differenzierte Bausteine der Realisierung. Generalisiert lassen sich in nahezu allen Konzeptionen jedoch drei Gruppen von Bausteinen identifizieren, die je nach Ansatz weiter differenziert werden können: - Wissensgenerierung und Wissenserwerb - Wissensidentifikation und Wissenstransparenz - Wissensverteilung und Wissensnutzung Wissenstransparenz bzw. die Identifikation von Wissen werden in den gängigen Konzeptionen also als ein zentrales Element der operativen Aufgaben im Wissensmanagement erkannt (vgl. Probst/Romhardt 1996; Probst et al. 1998) Bullinger et al. 1998; Davenport/Prusak 1998). Im Gegensatz zum Datenmanagement und auch zum Informationsmanagement, spielen in diesen Konzepten vor allem auch die individuellen Wissensressourcen der Mitarbeiterinnen und Mitarbeiter eine entscheidende Rolle. Es ist eine Schlüsselerkenntnis modernen Managements, dass wesentliche Werte der Unternehmung 2in den Köpfen der Mitarbeiter" zu finden sind. Dabei ist Wissen als eine Ressource erkannt, die von Menschen generiert wird, an diese Menschen gebunden ist, auf Erfahrungen und Einstellungen beruht und sich nur in sehr eingeschränktem Masse externalisieren und übertragen lässt (tacit knowledge). In diesem Sinne geht es uns in der Hauptsache um Handlungswissen, um das "gewusst wie". Wie können mühsam erworbene Erfahrungen dokumentiert und transparent gemacht werden, wie kann dafür gesorgt werden, dass sie dem Unternehmen insgesamt und jederzeit zugute kommen können? Wie können erfolgreich durchgefiihrte Aktivitäten und Prozesse als Muster dienen, wenn analoge Aufgaben an anderen Orten und zu anderen Zeiten zu erfüllen sind? Wie gelangen wir vom individuellen Wissen einzelner Mitarbeiter zur Fähigkeit von Organisationen oder Teams, komplexe Probleme und Aufgaben zu lösen? Wenn generiertes, durch Erfahrung gewonnenes oder eingekauftes Wissen dem Unternehmen insgesamt, d.h. den Mitarbeitern die dieses Wissen jeweils benötigen, zugute kommen soll, muss für eine Transparenz über das unternehmensweit vorhandene Wissen gesorgt werden, ebenso über Wissen im Umfeld eines Unternehmens (bspw. bei Partner, Kunden, Behörden usw.). Dabei ist beim Wissensmanagement zunehmend die Tendenz einer räumlich dezentralen - oft sogar globalen - sowie zeitlich flüchtigen und virtuellen Organisation der Unternehmungen zu berücksichtigen (Faisst 1996). Unternehmen suchen nach best practices zur Organisation von Team- und Gruppenprozessen. Unternehmerische Prozesse und unternehmensrelevantes Wissen besitzen heute eine hohe Komplexität, die eine Erfassung, Speicherung und Verteilung des benötigten Wissens selbst ausgeschlossen erscheinen lässt bzw. nur unter Einsatz enormer Ressourcen möglich macht. Die angesprochenen Schwierigkeiten der Externalisierung des jeweils individuellen Erfahrungswissens von Experten stehen diesem Unterfangen ohnehin unüberbrücklich im Wege.

Type

r

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Editor

Hovy, E. et al

Type

r

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Abstract

This proposal presents the methodology of indexing with images suggested by De Brito and Caribé (2015). The imagetic model is used as a compatible mechanism with FRSAD for a global information share and use of subject data, both within the library sector and beyond. The conceptual model of imagetic indexing shows how images are related to topics and 'key-images' are interpreted as nomens to implement the FRSAD model. Indexing with images consists of using images instead of key-words or descriptors, to represent and organize information. Implementing the imaged navigation in OPACs denotes multiple advantages derived from this rethinking the OPAC anew, since we are looking forward to sharing concepts within the subject authority data. Images, carrying linguistic objects, permeate inter-social and cultural concepts. In practice it includes translated metadata, symmetrical multilingual thesaurus, or any traditional indexing tools. iOPAC embodies efforts focused on conceptual levels as expected from librarians. Imaged interfaces are more intuitive since users do not need specific training for information retrieval, offering easier comprehension of indexing codes, larger conceptual portability of descriptors (as images), and a better interoperability between discourse codes and indexing competences affecting positively social and cultural interoperability. The imagetic methodology deploys R&D fields for more suitable interfaces taking into consideration users with specific needs such as deafness and illiteracy. This methodology arouse questions about the paradigms of the primacy of orality in information systems and pave the way to a legitimacy of multiple perspectives in document indexing by suggesting a more universal communication system based on images. Interdisciplinarity in neurosciences, linguistics and information sciences would be desirable competencies for further investigations about he nature of cognitive processes in information organization and classification while developing assistive KOS for individuals with communication problems, such autism and deafness.

Source

Proceedings of the 15th European Networked Knowledge Organization Systems Workshop (NKOS 2016) co-located with the 20th International Conference on Theory and Practice of Digital Libraries 2016 (TPDL 2016), Hannover, Germany, September 9, 2016. Edi. by Philipp Mayr et al. [http://ceur-ws.org/Vol-1676/=urn:nbn:de:0074-1676-5]

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Content

Vgl. den inhaltlichen Bezug zu dem Buch von Newberg et al.

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Date

22. 6.2015 16:08:38

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Abstract

Gross et al. (2015) have demonstrated that about a quarter of hits would typically be lost to keyword searchers if contemporary academic library catalogs dropped their controlled subject headings. This paper reports on an analysis of the loss levels that would result if a bibliographic database, namely the Australian Education Index (AEI), were missing the subject descriptors and identifiers assigned by its professional indexers, employing the methodology developed by Gross and Taylor (2005), and later by Gross et al. (2015). The results indicate that AEI users would lose a similar proportion of hits per query to that experienced by library catalog users: on average, 27% of the resources found by a sample of keyword queries on the AEI database would not have been found without the subject indexing, based on the Australian Thesaurus of Education Descriptors (ATED). The paper also discusses the methodological limitations of these studies, pointing out that real-life users might still find some of the resources missed by a particular query through follow-up searches, while additional resources might also be found through iterative searching on the subject vocabulary. The paper goes on to describe a new research design, based on a before - and - after experiment, which addresses some of these limitations. It is argued that this alternative design will provide a more realistic picture of the value that professionally assigned subject indexing and controlled subject vocabularies can add to literature searching of a more scholarly and thorough kind.

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Abstract

The recent article by McKay et al. on browsing (2019) provides a valuable addition to the empirical literature of information science on this topic, and I read the descriptions of the various browsing cases with interest. However, the authors refer to my article on browsing (Bates, 2007) in ways that do not make sense to me and which do not at all conform to what I actually said.

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Content

Vgl. die Studie "Maurer, H. et al: Report on dangers and opportunities posed by large search engines, particularly Google" unter: http://www.iicm.tugraz.at/iicm_papers/dangers_google.pdf.

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Abstract

In this paper, we present Dynamic Category Sets, a novel approach that addresses the vocabulary problem for faceted data. In their paper on the vocabulary problem, Furnas et al. note that "the keywords that are assigned by indexers are often at odds with those tried by searchers." Faceted search systems exhibit an interesting aspect of this problem: users do not necessarily understand an information space in terms of the same facets as the indexers who designed it. Our approach addresses this problem by employing a data-driven approach to discover sets of values across multiple facets that best match the query. When there are multiple candidates, we offer a clarification dialog that allows the user to disambiguate them.

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Abstract

WordHoard defines a multiword unit as a special type of collocate in which the component words comprise a meaningful phrase. For example, "Knight of the Round Table" is a meaningful multiword unit or phrase. WordHoard uses the notion of a pseudo-bigram to generalize the computation of bigram (two word) statistical measures to phrases (n-grams) longer than two words, and to allow comparisons of these measures for phrases with different word counts. WordHoard applies the localmaxs algorithm of Silva et al. to the pseudo-bigrams to identify potential compositional phrases that "stand out" in a text. WordHoard can also filter two and three word phrases using the word class filters suggested by Justeson and Katz.

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Abstract

WordHoard defines a multiword unit as a special type of collocate in which the component words comprise a meaningful phrase. For example, "Knight of the Round Table" is a meaningful multiword unit or phrase. WordHoard uses the notion of a pseudo-bigram to generalize the computation of bigram (two word) statistical measures to phrases (n-grams) longer than two words, and to allow comparisons of these measures for phrases with different word counts. WordHoard applies the localmaxs algorithm of Silva et al. to the pseudo-bigrams to identify potential compositional phrases that "stand out" in a text. WordHoard can also filter two and three word phrases using the word class filters suggested by Justeson and Katz.

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Source

¬The Semantic Web: ESWC 2019 Satellite Events. ESWC 2019. Ed.: P. Hitzler et al

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Abstract

In the June 2003 issue of D-Lib Magazine, Kenney et al. (2003) discuss a comparative study between Cornell's email reference staff and Google's Answers service. This interesting study provided insights on the potential impact of "computing and simple algorithms combined with human intelligence" for library reference services. As mentioned in the Kenney et al. article, Bill Arms (2000) had discussed the possibilities of automated digital libraries in an even earlier D-Lib article. Arms discusses not only automating reference services, but also another library function that seems to inspire lively debates about automation-metadata creation. While intended to illuminate, these debates sometimes generate more heat than light. In an effort to explore the potential for automating metadata generation, the Digital Knowledge Center (DKC) of the Sheridan Libraries at The Johns Hopkins University developed and tested an automated name authority control (ANAC) tool. ANAC represents a component of a digital workflow management system developed in connection with the digital Lester S. Levy Collection of Sheet Music. The evaluation of ANAC followed the spirit of the Kenney et al. study that was, as they stated, "more exploratory than scientific." These ANAC evaluation results are shared with the hope of fostering constructive dialogue and discussions about the potential for semi-automated techniques or frameworks for library functions and services such as metadata creation. The DKC's research agenda emphasizes the development of tools that combine automated processes and human intervention, with the overall goal of involving humans at higher levels of analysis and decision-making. Others have looked at issues regarding the automated generation of metadata. A session at the 2003 Joint Conference on Digital Libraries was devoted to automatic metadata creation, and a session at the 2004 conference addressed automated name disambiguation. Commercial vendors such as OCLC, Marcive, and LTI have long used automated techniques for matching names to Library of Congress authority records. We began developing ANAC as a component of a larger suite of open source tools to support workflow management for digital projects. This article describes the goals for the ANAC tool, provides an overview of the metadata records used for testing, describes the architecture for ANAC, and concludes with discussions of the methodology and evaluation of the experiment comparing human cataloging and ANAC-generated results.

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Source

The Semantic Web - ISWC 2010. 9th International Semantic Web Conference, ISWC 2010, Shanghai, China, November 7-11, 2010, Revised Selected Papers, Part I. Eds.: Peter F. Patel-Schneider et al