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Williamson, N.J.: Standards and standardization in subject analysis systems : current status and future directions (1995)
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- Source
- Subject indexing: principles and practices in the 90's. Proceedings of the IFLA Satellite Meeting Held in Lisbon, Portugal, 17-18 August 1993, and sponsored by the IFLA Section on Classification and Indexing and the Instituto da Biblioteca Nacional e do Livro, Lisbon, Portugal. Ed.: R.P. Holley et al
-
Williamson, N.J.: Classification Issues in 2008 : Report (2010)
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- Content
- Enthält Berichte über: Tenth International ISKO Conference, August 2008, Montreal, Canada - IFLA Section on Classification and Indexing (z.B.: Anita Angjeli (France) and Antoine Isaac (Netherlands): Semantic Web and Vocabularies Interoperability: An Experiment With Illuminations Collections - International UDC Seminar 2009 (vgl. Beiträge in diesem Heft)
-
Williamson, N.J.: Classification Issues: Report IFLA General Conference, Oslo, Norway, 2005 : Classification and Indexing Section (2005)
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- Content
- Darin auch Berichte über die deutschen Beiträge: "The third paper by Magda Heiner-Freiling, of the Deutsche Bibliothek and Patrice Landry of the Swiss National Library focuses on "The Use of the Dewey Decimal Classification (DDC) for the Organization of the National Bibliographies: Switzerland and Germany/Austria." It discusses the reasons that led to the use of DDC for this purpose, and deals with the difficulties of adopting a common approach using the Second Dewey Summary (100 divisions). It also describes the challenges for the three libraries of incorporating German requirements into the Deutsche Nationalbibliografie. Their concerns have been brought about by the introduction of national bibliographies to the web environment and the need to "undertake studies on how to bring electronic documents under bibliographic control." The issues were intensified by the need to arrange national bibliographies in a "userfriendly" way and to ensure efficient subject access to records. In addition there had been "a long-standing IFLA and UNESCO recommendation to arrange bibliography according to an international classification scheme." These events provided the background for the decision by the three libraries to work together to produce a common Dewey Decimal Classification (DDC) arrangement for the national bibliographies of Austria, Germany and Switzerland. The position of each library is described. The Swiss National Library undertook a major reorganization of its operations and structures which included a study to select a classification scheme for its collection - a study which also looked at the national bibliography. For the Swiss national bibliography, this evaluation led to the replacement of an indexing system based on UDC with the Dewey Second Summary (100 Divisions) with modifications for Swiss history and geography. In 2004 Die Deutsche Bibliothek (DDB) decided "to use a new scheme based on DDC" for the new Deutsche Nationalbibliografie (DNB) and the Austrian national bibliography followed suit in the same year. These moves can be attributed to two factors. The first was the impending publication of a German translation of DDC. Secondly, since 1982 the three libraries had been using two different systems, a situation that placed constraints on the exchange of data for use by the bibliographies. There was growing international acceptance of DDC and the change to DDC would improve bibliographic services and facilitate cooperation with foreign national libraries.
Originally, it was decided that the Dewey Second Summary (100 Divisions) would be a suitable level of access for the bibliography and that the standard DDC organization should be used. In many cases there was a good match between DDC and the former subject categories, in all fields of science and in subjects where literary warrant was high However this was not suitable throughout. Among the areas cited as problems are some of the places where UDC and DDC differ (e.g. the 800s). With respect to music, a deeper level of division than the Dewey outline was needed (specifically in 782 and 784-788 sections on printed and recorded music). In 2002 and 2003 an analysis of the distribution of documents with the 100 Divisions was conducted. Documents were not spread evenly in all classes and while some classes could be merged, others could benefit for the use of more specific numbers. Also, there were discipline based problems, for example in the melding of all branches of engineering. As well, there was a lack of correspondence with modern disciplines such as engineering, electronics, mechanical engineering and environmental technology which had been separate subject categories prior to 2004. Another troublesome discipline was archaeology. Moreover the Second Summary level introduced in 2004 proved to be too broad and would not satisfy users' bibliographic needs. In some cases, in classes containing a variety of topics, subtopics were invisible (e.g. 790 Sports, games and entertainment). As a result, beginning in 2006 the DNB will use full DDC notations. However, the problem would not be insurmountable. The authors concluded that - the cooperation was an interesting are rewarding experience. Ultimately each national - library could adjust and adapt the classification for its own needs and the work done was a good basis for further developments Further, it strengthened support for the German version of DDC to be published in 2006."
-
Williamson, N.J.: Knowledge structures and the Internet : progress and prospects (2006)
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- Abstract
- This paper analyses the development of the knowledge structures provided as aids to users in searching the Internet. Specific focus is given to web directories, thesauri and gateways and portals. The paper assumes that users need to be able to access information in two ways - to locate information on a subject directly in response to a search term and to be able to browse so as to familiarize themselves with a domain or to refine a request. Emphasis is to the browsing aspect. Background and development are addressed. Structures are analyzed, problems are identified, and future directions discussed.
- Date
- 27.12.2008 15:56:22
-
Williamson, N.J.: ¬An experiment in classification based on William Goffman's 'indirect method' of information retrieval (1981)
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-
Williamson, N.J.: Paradigms and conceptual systems in knowledge organization, the Eleventh International ISKO Conference, Rome, 2010 (2013)
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- Abstract
- The eleventh International ISKO Conference on "Paradigms and Conceptual Systems in Knowledge Organization" was held in Rome, February 23-26, 2010. The proceedings were edited by Claudio Gnoli and Fulvio Mazzocchi and published by Ergon Verlag in 2010. This analysis follows the order of the text of the proceedings, an order prescribed from the abridged scheme for KO literature published in Knowledge Organization, 25, 1998, no. 4, p. 226. Some invited papers, marked with [LR], have been included and are labelled as such in the table of contents. In all, 64 papers were published.
- Date
- 22. 2.2013 12:09:50
-
Williamson, N.J.: Professor Neelameghan's contribution to the advancement and development of classification in the context of knowledge organization (2006)
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- Abstract
- Presents a brief overview of Prof. A. Neelameghan's works/contributions more particularly to classification and knowledge organization, based on papers abstracted in Library and Information Science Abstracts and Information Science Abstracts, since the early 1960s when he joined Dr. S.R. Ranganathan at the Documentation Research and Training Centre, in Bangalore. Concludes "Following the path of Neelameghan's research and publication we get a picture of how certain aspects of knowledge organization have developed with particular emphasis on the importance and impact offaceted classification in that development. The result is an outstanding contribution to the history, development and application of the facet model developed by Ranganathan, affirmed at the Dorking Conference in 1957 and seemingly reaffirmed" in the present analysis in 2003.
- Source
- Knowledge organization, information systems and other essays: Professor A. Neelameghan Festschrift. Eds.: K.S. Raghavan u. K.N. Prasad
-
Williamson, N.J.: Thesauri in the digital age : stability and dynamism in their development and use (2000)
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- Abstract
- The latest thesaurus guidelines, ISO 2788 and ANSI/NISO Z39.19-1993, were published before many recent changes in the nature of databases, and before the full impact of the Internet on information storage and retrieval. The major changes are addressed in light of implications for reconsideration and possible revision of the guidelines
-
Williamson, N.J.: Knowledge structures and the Internet : progress and prospects (2007)
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- Abstract
- This paper analyses the development of the knowledge structures-Web directories, thesauri, and gateways/portals-as they are presented on the Internet as aids to information seeking. It identifies problems and suggests improvements.
-
Williamson, N.J.: Complementary and alternative medicine : its place in the reorganized medical sciences in the Universal Decimal Classification (2004)
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- Abstract
- An investigation into the requirements for the inclusion of alternative and complementary medicine in a universal classification scheme with special reference to a proposed revision of Class 61 Medical Sciences in the Universal Decimal Classification. Questions related to the content and location of the topic and its structure based on the principles set down in the Bliss Bibliographic Classification are addressed. A solution for UDC Class 61 is proposed.
- Source
- Knowledge organization and the global information society: Proceedings of the 8th International ISKO Conference 13-16 July 2004, London, UK. Ed.: I.C. McIlwaine
-
Williamson, N.J.: Clare Beghtol : teacher, researcher, and theoretician (2010)
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- Abstract
- The trajectory of the scholarly oeuvre of classification theorist Clare Beghtol is described and evaluated in terms of its significance for the development of modern information systems and the extension of classification theory. Focusing on a distinguished body of research sometimes characterized as "outside the box," Beghtol's explorations of concepts of "aboutness," of faceted classification systems, and of a number of types of warrant, are examined. The article concludes with a consideration of more recent themes of "na¿ve" classification, ethical approaches to knowledge organization, and the nature of relationships in classificatory structure and meaning.
-
Williamson, N.J.: International Society for Knowledge Organization : Ninth International ISKO Conference, Vienna, Austria, 2006 (2006)
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- Footnote
- Conclusion A scan of this summary indicates that the conference indeed presented a varied program. Overall perhaps there were fewer papers that were precisely focused than those presented at previous conferences. However, collectively the goals focused on theories, tools and methods for improving existing systems or designing alternative approaches. It is inevitable that some topics, such as metadata, permeate the whole conference and have implications for areas of research. Other topics that constantly appear are related to vocabulary and language - ontologies, classification, semantics, etc. Always striking are the papers originating in other disciplines such as nursing and business, whose authors are seeking to use the theories and practices of knowledge organization as models for organization and processes in those disciplines. This is a positive sign demonstrating the potential for generalizing theories and methodologies for knowledge organization to other disciplines. There was one "orphan" paper on library and information science education. True, the theme was global learning, but in a different sense. Another unusual inclusion was three papers dealing with FRBR. One was a report of activities the IFLA Working Group and not research per se, but the other two were on subject authority control, which was more germane to the nature of ISKO conferences. It is inevitable that specific topics become scattered. A precise topic can be dealt with from many points of view, placing papers on the same topic in different categories. There is nothing wrong with this but a good index would counter the scatter and aid readers in use of these proceedings. Nevertheless, despite a few shortcomings this volume is a valuable addition to the research agenda of KO.
-
McIlwaine, I.C.; Williamson, N.J.: Class 61 - Medicine : restructuring progress 2000 (2000)
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- Source
- Extensions and corrections to the UDC. 22(2000), S.49-75
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Williamson, N.J.: Classification issues in 2011 : report (2012)
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- Date
- 22. 1.2012 13:17:00
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Williamson, N.J.: Subject access in the on-line environment (1984)
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Williamson, N.J.: Education for positions in the subject control of information (1987)
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- Abstract
- Subject access to information is recognized as one of the most important features of information storage and retrieval systems. It is a feature which requires information professionals to have expertise in retrieval, subject cataloging, classification, indexing and system design. This essay examines the knowledge base needed for professional careers in the subject control of information. It identifies some of the problems involved in education and training graduates for working in this area and attempts to pose some solutions to these problems
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Williamson, N.J.: ¬The Library of Congress Classification in the computer age (1989)
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- Abstract
- Research leading to a detailed content analysis and profile of the Library of Congress Classification schedules. A description of the design, methodology, and preliminary findings of research in progress. Final results of the study are expected to aid the Library of Congress in the development of a MARC format for its classification schedules and in the conversion of the schedules into machine-readable form. LC's ultimate goal is the design of an integrated system which will permit on-line editing, maintenance, and control of the schedules, on-line classification and shelflisting procedures, the production of the schedules in two or more physical formats, and the use of LCC to enhance search capabilities in on-line catalogues.
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Williamson, N.J.: Restructuring UDC : problems and possibilities (1992)
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- Source
- Classification research for knowledge representation and organization. Proc. 5th Int. Study Conf. on Classification Research, Toronto, Canada, 24.-28.6.1991. Ed. by N.J. Williamson u. M. Hudon
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Williamson, N.J.: UDC activities (1993)
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- Abstract
- Reports on the change in the editorship of the UDC which went to Dr. I.C. McIlwaine, U.K. The UDC in North America: the archives have been tranferred from the University of Maryland to the University of Toronto. A UDC Restructuring project has been started in a feasibility study by I.C. McIlwaine and N. Williamson
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Williamson, N.J.: Classification in the Millennium (1997)
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- Abstract
- Classification and classification schemes will have an important role to play in the future, particularly in the field of Internet and WWW resources. Discusses the issues involved with particular reference to the 6th International Study Conference on Classification Research, London, 16-18 June 1997
