-
Dahlberg, I: ¬A systematic new lexicon of all knowledge fields based on the Information Coding Classification (2012)
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- Abstract
- A new lexicon of all knowledge fields in the German language with the terms of the fields in English is under preparation. The article is meant to provide an idea of its genesis and its structure. It will, of course, also contain an alphabetical arrangement of entries. The structure is provided by the Information Coding Classification (ICC), which is a theory-based, faceted universal classification system of knowledge fields. Section (1) outlines (1) its early history (1970-77). Section (2) discusses its twelve principles regarding concepts, conceptual relationships, and notation; its 9 main object area classes arranged on integrative levels, and its systematic digital schedule with its systematizer, offering 9 subdividing aspects. It shows possible links with other systems, as well as the system's assets for interdisciplinarity and transdisciplinarity. Providing concrete examples, section (3) describes the contents of the nine levels, section (4) delineates some issues of subject group/domain construction, and section (5) clarifies the lexicon entries.
-
An, J.; Kim, N.; Kan, M.-Y.; Kumar Chandrasekaran, M.; Song, M.: Exploring characteristics of highly cited authors according to citation location and content (2017)
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- Abstract
- Big Science and cross-disciplinary collaborations have reshaped the intellectual structure of research areas. A number of works have tried to uncover this hidden intellectual structure by analyzing citation contexts. However, none of them analyzed by document logical structures such as sections. The two major goals of this study are to find characteristics of authors who are highly cited section-wise and to identify the differences in section-wise author networks. This study uses 29,158 of research articles culled from the ACL Anthology, which hosts articles on computational linguistics and natural language processing. We find that the distribution of citations across sections is skewed and that a different set of highly cited authors share distinct academic characteristics, according to their citation locations. Furthermore, the author networks based on citation context similarity reveal that the intellectual structure of a domain differs across different sections.
- Source
- Journal of the Association for Information Science and Technology. 68(2017) no.8, S.1975-1988
-
Balikova, M.: Focusing on user need : new ways of subject access in Czechia (2011)
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- Abstract
- Within the last two decades, the development and application of sophisticated information technology has brought about rapid changes in libraries above all in the subject analysis area. The internet technology has facilitated global access to heterogeneous information resources : databases, journals, e-books, digital online resources which now besides the texts include photographs, slides and video clips, as well. There has also been a development of sophisticated online public access catalogues, information gateways, portals, systems based on semantic technologies e.g. question-answering systems, and most recently social networking and a wide scale use of Web 2.0 technologies in libraries.
- Content
- Präsentation unter: http://autority.nkp.cz/vecne-autority/vecne-autority-prezentace-clanky-informace/focusing-on-user-needs-new-ways-of-subject-access-in-czechia-1.
- Series
- IFLA series on bibliographic control; vol. 42
- Source
- Subject access: preparing for the future. Conference on August 20 - 21, 2009 in Florence, the IFLA Classification and Indexing Section sponsored an IFLA satellite conference entitled "Looking at the Past and Preparing for the Future". Eds.: P. Landry et al
-
Díaz-Faes, A.A.; Bordons, M.: Acknowledgments in scientific publications : presence in Spanish science and text patterns across disciplines (2014)
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- Abstract
- The acknowledgments in scientific publications are an important feature in the scholarly communication process. This research analyzes funding acknowledgment presence in scientific publications and introduces a novel approach for discovering text patterns by discipline in the acknowledgment section of papers. First, the presence of acknowledgments in 38,257 English-language papers published by Spanish researchers in 2010 is studied by subject area on the basis of the funding acknowledgment information available in the Web of Science database. Funding acknowledgments are present in two thirds of Spanish articles, with significant differences by subject area, number of authors, impact factor of journals, and, in one specific area, basic/applied nature of research. Second, the existence of specific acknowledgment patterns in English-language papers of Spanish researchers in 4 selected subject categories (cardiac and cardiovascular systems, economics, evolutionary biology, and statistics and probability) is explored through a combination of text mining and multivariate analyses. "Peer interactive communication" predominates in the more theoretical or social-oriented fields (statistics and probability, economics), whereas the recognition of technical assistance is more common in experimental research (evolutionary biology), and the mention of potential conflicts of interest emerges forcefully in the clinical field (cardiac and cardiovascular systems). The systematic inclusion of structured data about acknowledgments in journal articles and bibliographic databases would have a positive impact on the study of collaboration practices in science.
- Date
- 22. 8.2014 17:06:28
- Source
- Journal of the Association for Information Science and Technology. 65(2014) no.9, S.1834-1849
-
Lingel, J.: Information practices of urban newcomers : an analysis of habits and wandering (2015)
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- Abstract
- This paper reviews information practices used by transnational migrants to become familiar with new urban surroundings. Drawing on interviews with 26 participants, all of whom had moved to New York City in the past 2 years, I analyze the interrelatedness of people, city space, and technology. By rooting my analysis in the experiences of transnational newcomers to New York, my investigation is directed both at library and information science (LIS) scholarship in transnational experience and urban informatics as an area of study. The findings section first addresses participants' practices for becoming familiar with their surroundings as embedded in everyday routines using Bergson's (1911) construct of habits as a means of organizing stimulus. I then develop an analysis of wandering, which emerged as an information practice used by participants to become familiar with their neighborhoods. Building on these themes, I suggest implications for human information behavior theory, arguing that LIS scholars should articulate more clearly and across a wider range of disciplines the concepts of mobile and ubiquitous technologies.
- Source
- Journal of the Association for Information Science and Technology. 66(2015) no.6, S.1239-1251
-
Baker, T.; Sutton, S.A.: Linked data and the charm of weak semantics : Introduction: the strengths of weak semantics (2015)
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- Abstract
- Logic and precision are fundamental to ontologies underlying the semantic web and, by extension, to linked data. This special section focuses on the interaction of semantics, ontologies and linked data. The discussion presents the Simple Knowledge Organization Scheme (SKOS) as a less formal strategy for expressing concept hierarchies and associations and questions the value of deep domain ontologies in favor of simpler vocabularies that are more open to reuse, albeit risking illogical outcomes. RDF ontologies harbor another unexpected drawback. While structurally sound, they leave validation gaps permitting illogical uses, a problem being addressed by a W3C Working Group. Data models based on RDF graphs and properties may replace traditional library catalog models geared to predefined entities, with relationships between RDF classes providing the semantic connections. The BIBFRAME Initiative takes a different and streamlined approach to linking data, building rich networks of information resources rather than relying on a strict underlying structure and vocabulary. Taken together, the articles illustrate the trend toward a pragmatic approach to a Semantic Web, sacrificing some specificity for greater flexibility and partial interoperability.
- Footnote
- Introduction to a special section "Linked data and the charm of weak semantics".
- Source
- Bulletin of the Association for Information Science and Technology. 41(2015) no.4, S.10-12
-
Cronin, B.: ¬The writing on the wall (2015)
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- Date
- 26. 4.2015 19:27:22
- Source
- Journal of the Association for Information Science and Technology. 66(2015) no.5, S.873-875
-
Marx, W.; Bornmann, L.: On the problems of dealing with bibliometric data (2014)
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- Date
- 18. 3.2014 19:13:22
- Source
- Journal of the Association for Information Science and Technology. 65(2014) no.4, S.866-867
-
Zhou, P.; Su, X.; Leydesdorff, L.: ¬A comparative study on communication structures of Chinese journals in the social sciences (2010)
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- Abstract
- We argue that the communication structures in the Chinese social sciences have not yet been sufficiently reformed. Citation patterns among Chinese domestic journals in three subject areas - political science and Marxism, library and information science, and economics - are compared with their counterparts internationally. Like their colleagues in the natural and life sciences, Chinese scholars in the social sciences provide fewer references to journal publications than their international counterparts; like their international colleagues, social scientists provide fewer references than natural sciences. The resulting citation networks, therefore, are sparse. Nevertheless, the citation structures clearly suggest that the Chinese social sciences are far less specialized in terms of disciplinary delineations than their international counterparts. Marxism studies are more established than political science in China. In terms of the impact of the Chinese political system on academic fields, disciplines closely related to the political system are less specialized than those weakly related. In the discussion section, we explore reasons that may cause the current stagnation and provide policy recommendations.
- Source
- Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology. 61(2010) no.7, S.1360-1376
-
Altenhöner, R.; Frodl, C.; Gömpel, R.; Jahns, Y.; Junger, U.; Mahnke, C.; Meyer, A.; Pfeifer, B.; Oehlschläger, S.; Svensson, L.G.: Libraries beyond libraries : Integration, Innovation and Information for all Aus den Veranstaltungen der Sektionen Bibliografie, Katalogisierung, Klassifikation und Indexierung, Knowledge Management und Informationstechnologie sowie der Core Activity ICADS der IFLA Division III (Library Services) beim Weltkongress Bibliothek und Information, 77. IFLA-Generalkonferenz in San Juan, Puerto Rico (2011)
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- Abstract
- Darin u.a. Bericht über 'Cataloguing Section' (S.871), 'ISBD Review Group' (S.872-873), 'FRBR Review Group' (S.873-874), 'Virtual International authoriy File (VIAF)' (S.875-876), 'Satellite conference on RDA' (S.876-879), 'Classification and Indexing Section' (S.879-882).
-
Miller, E.; Ogbuji, U.: Linked data design for the visible library (2015)
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- Abstract
- In response to libraries' frustration over their rich resources being invisible on the web, Zepheira, at the request of the Library of Congress, created BIBFRAME, a bibliographic metadata framework for cataloging. The model replaces MARC records with linked data, promoting resource visibility through a rich network of links. In place of formal taxonomies, a small but extensible vocabulary streamlines metadata efforts. Rather than using a unique bibliographic record to describe one item, BIBFRAME draws on the Dublin Core and the Functional Requirements for Bibliographic Records (FRBR) to generate formalized descriptions of Work, Instance, Authority and Annotation as well as associations between items. Zepheira trains librarians to transform MARC records to BIBFRAME resources and adapt the vocabulary for specialized needs, while subject matter experts and technical experts manage content, site design and usability. With a different approach toward data modeling and metadata, previously invisible resources gain visibility through linking.
- Footnote
- Contribution to a special section "Linked data and the charm of weak semantics".
- Source
- Bulletin of the Association for Information Science and Technology. 41(2015) no.4, S.23-29
-
Ntuli, H.; Inglesi-Lotz, R.; Chang, T.; Pouris, A.: Does research output cause economic growth or vice versa? : evidence from 34 OECD countries (2015)
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- Abstract
- The causal relation between research and economic growth is of particular importance for political support of science and technology as well as for academic purposes. This article revisits the causal relationship between research articles published and economic growth in Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) countries for the period 1981-2011, using bootstrap panel causality analysis, which accounts for cross-section dependency and heterogeneity across countries. The article, by the use of the specific method and the choice of the country group, makes a contribution to the existing literature. Our empirical results support unidirectional causality running from research output (in terms of total number of articles published) to economic growth for the US, Finland, Hungary, and Mexico; the opposite causality from economic growth to research articles published for Canada, France, Italy, New Zealand, the UK, Austria, Israel, and Poland; and no causality for the rest of the countries. Our findings provide important policy implications for research policies and strategies for OECD countries.
- Date
- 8. 7.2015 22:00:42
- Source
- Journal of the Association for Information Science and Technology. 66(2015) no.8, S.1709-1716
-
Almeida, C.C. de: ¬The methodological influence of Peirce's pragmatism on knowledge organization (2012)
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- Abstract
- Information and knowledge organization in Brazil has been historically influenced by theoretical linguistics. However, some aspects related to language theory and its interface with philosophy need to be further investigated, particularly the semiotic interpretation of information and knowledge organization processes. In order to advance a dialogue with the philosophy and semiotics of Charles Peirce (1839-1914), a theoretical and bibliographical study was carried out so as to understand and evaluate the contributions of the Peircean thought to information organization. It was found that several aspects of Peirce's work, viewed as a whole and not just semiotic concepts, suggest fundamental points to explain issues in information and knowledge organization. Basing on the analysis of Thellefsen's studies, this research presents some arguments aimed at reframing Peirce's pragmatism, which should no longer be mistakenly considered as a doctrine of practical results, but as a useful methodological approach for professionals dealing with knowledge organization in the field of Information Science.
- Content
- Beitrag einer Section "Selected Papers from the 1ST Brazilian Conference on Knowledge Organization And Representation, Faculdade de Ciência da Informação, Campus Universitário Darcy Ribeiro Brasília, DF Brasil, October 20-22, 2011" Vgl.: http://www.ergon-verlag.de/isko_ko/downloads/ko_39_2012_3_f.pdf.
-
Coyle, K.: Simplicity in data models (2015)
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- Abstract
- Evolving from database models using punch cards, strict linear relational databases and predefined object-oriented data structures, the triple statements underlying Semantic Web technologies bypass many design constraints to offer endless flexibility. Overcoming structure is challenging, especially the relatively recent structure formalized in the Functional Requirements for Bibliographic Records (FRBR). Though geared to easier access and interoperability and recognizing a multilevel bibliographic model, FRBR remains tied to translating entity-relation diagrams to data structures. Resource Description Framework (RDF) provides a more flexible way to express concepts, in which bibliographic models may be thought of as graphs of properties and relationships. But even RDF-based models can undermine that flexibility by mixing concept classes and data structures. The advantage of RDF classes is to provide semantics that enable a user to focus on similarities, not bound by contextual constraints.and success metrics.
- Footnote
- Contribution to a special section "Linked data and the charm of weak semantics".
- Source
- Bulletin of the Association for Information Science and Technology. 41(2015) no.4, S.30-33
-
Ortega, C.D.: Conceptual and procedural grounding of documentary systems (2012)
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- Abstract
- Documentary activities are informational operations of selection and representation of objects made from their features and predictable use. In order to make them more dynamic, these activities are carried out systemically, according to institutionally limited (in the sense of social institution) information projects. This organic approach leads to the constitution of information systems, or, more specifically, systems of documentary information, inasmuch as they refer to actions about documents as objects from which information is produced. Thus, systems of documentary information are called documentary systems. This article aims to list and systematize elements with the potential to a generalizing and categorical approach of documentary systems. We approach the systems according to: elements of reference (the documents and their information, the users, and the institutional context); constitutive elements (collection and references); structural elements (constituent units and the relation among them); modes of production (pre or post representation of the document); management aspects (flow of documents and of their information); and, finally, typology (management systems and information retrieval systems). Thus, documentary systems can be considered products due to operations involving objects institutionally limited for the production of collections (virtual or not) and their references, whose objective is the appropriation of information by the user.
- Content
- Beitrag einer Section "Selected Papers from the 1ST Brazilian Conference on Knowledge Organization And Representation, Faculdade de Ciência da Informação, Campus Universitário Darcy Ribeiro Brasília, DF Brasil, October 20-22, 2011" Vgl.: http://www.ergon-verlag.de/isko_ko/downloads/ko_39_2012_3_h.pdf.
-
Prud'hommeaux, E.; Gayo, E.: RDF ventures to boldly meet your most pedestrian needs (2015)
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- Footnote
- Contribution to a special section "Linked data and the charm of weak semantics".
- Source
- Bulletin of the Association for Information Science and Technology. 41(2015) no.4, S.18-22
-
Klenczon, W.: Jzyk Hasel Przedmiotowych Biblioteki Narodowej (National Library of Poland Subject Headings) :from card catalogs to Digital Library : some questions about the future of a Local Subject Heading Systems in the changing world of information retrieval (2011)
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- Series
- IFLA series on bibliographic control; vol. 42
- Source
- Subject access: preparing for the future. Conference on August 20 - 21, 2009 in Florence, the IFLA Classification and Indexing Section sponsored an IFLA satellite conference entitled "Looking at the Past and Preparing for the Future". Eds.: P. Landry et al
-
Egghe, L.; Guns, R.; Rousseau, R.; Leuven, K.U.: Erratum (2012)
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- Date
- 14. 2.2012 12:53:22
- Footnote
- This article corrects: Thoughts on uncitedness: Nobel laureates and Fields medalists as case studies in: JASIST 62(2011) no,8, S.1637-1644.
- Source
- Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology. 63(2012) no.2, S.429
-
Leydesdorff, L.; Hammarfelt, B.: ¬The structure of the Arts & Humanities Citation Index : a mapping on the basis of aggregated citations among 1,157 journals (2011)
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- Abstract
- Using the Arts & Humanities Citation Index (A&HCI) 2008, we apply mapping techniques previously developed for mapping journal structures in the Science and Social Sciences Citation Indices. Citation relations among the 110,718 records were aggregated at the level of 1,157 journals specific to the A&HCI, and the journal structures are questioned on whether a cognitive structure can be reconstructed and visualized. Both cosine-normalization (bottom up) and factor analysis (top down) suggest a division into approximately 12 subsets. The relations among these subsets are explored using various visualization techniques. However, we were not able to retrieve this structure using the Institute for Scientific Information Subject Categories, including the 25 categories that are specific to the A&HCI. We discuss options for validation such as against the categories of the Humanities Indicators of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, the panel structure of the European Reference Index for the Humanities, and compare our results with the curriculum organization of the Humanities Section of the College of Letters and Sciences of the University of California at Los Angeles as an example of institutional organization.
- Source
- Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology. 62(2011) no.12, S.2414-2426
-
Colavizza, G.; Boyack, K.W.; Eck, N.J. van; Waltman, L.: ¬The closer the better : similarity of publication pairs at different cocitation levels (2018)
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- Abstract
- We investigated the similarities of pairs of articles that are cocited at the different cocitation levels of the journal, article, section, paragraph, sentence, and bracket. Our results indicate that textual similarity, intellectual overlap (shared references), author overlap (shared authors), proximity in publication time all rise monotonically as the cocitation level gets lower (from journal to bracket). While the main gain in similarity happens when moving from journal to article cocitation, all level changes entail an increase in similarity, especially section to paragraph and paragraph to sentence/bracket levels. We compared the results from four journals over the years 2010-2015: Cell, the European Journal of Operational Research, Physics Letters B, and Research Policy, with consistent general outcomes and some interesting differences. Our findings motivate the use of granular cocitation information as defined by meaningful units of text, with implications for, among others, the elaboration of maps of science and the retrieval of scholarly literature.
- Source
- Journal of the Association for Information Science and Technology. 69(2018) no.4, S.600-609
