-
Jones, M.; Buchanan, G.; Cheng, T.-C.; Jain, P.: Changing the pace of search : supporting background information seeking (2006)
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- Date
- 22. 7.2006 18:37:49
- Footnote
- Beitrag in einer Special Section "Perspectives on Search User Interfaces: Best Practices and Future Visions"
- Source
- Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology. 57(2006) no.6, S.838-842
-
Automated systems for access to multilingual and multiscript library materials : Proceedings of the ... IFLA satellite meeting ... Madrid, August 18-19, 1993 (1994)
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- Editor
- IFLA Section on Information Technology
-
History of information science (1996)
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- Abstract
- A special section on the theme of the history of information science
- Source
- Information processing and management. 32(1996) no.1, S.1-88
-
Beale, R.: Improving Internet interaction : from theory to practice (2006)
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- Date
- 22. 7.2006 18:31:43
- Footnote
- Beitrag in einer Special Section "Perspectives on Search User Interfaces: Best Practices and Future Visions"
- Source
- Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology. 57(2006) no.6, S.829-833
-
Komlodi, A.; Soergel, D.; Marchionini, G.: Search histories for user support in user interfaces (2006)
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- Abstract
- The authors describe user interface tools based on search histories to support legal information seekers. The design of the tools was informed by the results of a user study (Komlodi, 2002a) that examined the use of human memory, external memory aids, and search histories in legal information seeking and derived interface design recommendations for information storage and retrieval systems. The data collected were analyzed to identify potential task areas where search histories can support information seeking and use. The results show that many information-seeking tasks can take advantage of automatically and manually recorded history information. These findings encouraged the design of user interface tools building on search history information: direct search history displays, history-enabled scratchpad facilities, and organized results collection tools.
- Date
- 22. 7.2006 18:04:19
- Footnote
- Beitrag in einer Special Section "Perspectives on Search User Interfaces: Best Practices and Future Visions"
- Source
- Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology. 57(2006) no.6, S.803-897
-
Aringhieri, R.; Damiani, E.; De Capitani di Vimercati, S.; Paraboschi, S.; Samarati, P.: Fuzzy techniques for trust and reputation management in anonymous peer-to-peer systems (2006)
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- Abstract
- Peer-to-peer (P2P) applications are rapidly gaining acceptance among users of Internet-based services, especially because of their capability of exchanging resources while preserving the anonymity of both requesters and providers. However, concerns have been raised about the possibility that malicious users can exploit the network to spread tampered-with resources (e.g., malicious programs and viruses). A considerable amount of research has thus focused on the development of trust and reputation models in P2P networks. In this article, we propose to use fuzzy techniques in the design of reputation systems based on collecting and aggregating peers' opinions. Fuzzy techniques are used in the evaluation and synthesis of all the opinions expressed by peers. The behavior of the proposed system is described by comparison with probabilistic approaches.
- Date
- 22. 7.2006 17:06:18
- Footnote
- Beitrag in einer Special Topic Section on Soft Approaches to Information Retrieval and Information Access on the Web
- Source
- Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology. 57(2006) no.4, S.528-537
-
Eichert, C.: ¬Die kommunale Bibliothek : der Knoten im Netz (1998)
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- Abstract
- Argues that current discussion on management of and training in networking is technocratic in nature and that it is the duty of public policy to foster personality development and present individuals with new intellectual challenges. Suggests that libraries are nodes in a communal network fulfilling the task of pathfinder, providing information, transferring knowledge, fostering cultural heritage and providing areas for communications and social integration
- Date
- 22. 2.1999 13:35:25
- Footnote
- Paper presented at a Symposium on Change of Information Infrastructure organized by Section 4 of the DBV
- Source
- Bibliothek: Forschung und Praxis. 22(1998) H.1, S.97-101
-
Convey, J.: Online information retrieval : an introductory manual to principles and practice (1992)
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- Abstract
- A succinet overview of the latest developments in the information retrieval industry with an expanded section on CD technology. Practical examples can be used in training searchers new to online information retrieval
- COMPASS
- Information retrieval / Use of / On-line computers
- Subject
- Information retrieval / Use of / On-line computers
-
Hebeler, J.; Fisher, M.; Blace, R.; Perez-Lopez, A.: Semantic Web programming (2009)
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- Abstract
- The next major advance in the Web-Web 3.0-will be built on semantic Web technologies, which will allow data to be shared and reused across application, enterprise, and community boundaries. Written by a team of highly experienced Web developers, this book explains examines how this powerful new technology can unify and fully leverage the ever-growing data, information, and services that are available on the Internet. Helpful examples demonstrate how to use the semantic Web to solve practical, real-world problems while you take a look at the set of design principles, collaborative working groups, and technologies that form the semantic Web. The companion Web site features full code, as well as a reference section, a FAQ section, a discussion forum, and a semantic blog.
-
Eddings, J.: How the Internet works (1994)
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- Abstract
- How the Internet Works promises "an exciting visual journey down the highways and byways of the Internet," and it delivers. The book's high quality graphics and simple, succinct text make it the ideal book for beginners; however it still has much to offer for Net vets. This book is jam- packed with cool ways to visualize how the Net works. The first section visually explores how TCP/IP, Winsock, and other Net connectivity mysteries work. This section also helps you understand how e-mail addresses and domains work, what file types mean, and how information travels across the Net. Part 2 unravels the Net's underlying architecture, including good information on how routers work and what is meant by client/server architecture. The third section covers your own connection to the Net through an Internet Service Provider (ISP), and how ISDN, cable modems, and Web TV work. Part 4 discusses e-mail, spam, newsgroups, Internet Relay Chat (IRC), and Net phone calls. In part 5, you'll find out how other Net tools, such as gopher, telnet, WAIS, and FTP, can enhance your Net experience. The sixth section takes on the World Wide Web, including everything from how HTML works to image maps and forms. Part 7 looks at other Web features such as push technology, Java, ActiveX, and CGI scripting, while part 8 deals with multimedia on the Net. Part 9 shows you what intranets are and covers groupware, and shopping and searching the Net. The book wraps up with part 10, a chapter on Net security that covers firewalls, viruses, cookies, and other Web tracking devices, plus cryptography and parental controls.
-
Herrera-Viedma, E.; Pasi, G.; Lopez-Herrera, A.G.; Porcel; C.: Evaluating the information quality of Web sites : a methodology based on fuzzy computing with words (2006)
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- Abstract
- An evaluation methodology based on fuzzy computing with words aimed at measuring the information quality of Web sites containing documents is presented. This methodology is qualitative and user oriented because it generates linguistic recommendations on the information quality of the content-based Web sites based on users' perceptions. It is composed of two main components, an evaluation scheme to analyze the information quality of Web sites and a measurement method to generate the linguistic recommendations. The evaluation scheme is based on both technical criteria related to the Web site structure and criteria related to the content of information on the Web sites. It is user driven because the chosen criteria are easily understandable by the users, in such a way that Web visitors can assess them by means of linguistic evaluation judgments. The measurement method is user centered because it generates linguistic recommendations of the Web sites based on the visitors' linguistic evaluation judgments. To combine the linguistic evaluation judgments we introduce two new majority guided linguistic aggregation operators, the Majority guided Linguistic Induced Ordered Weighted Averaging (MLIOWA) and weighted MLIOWA operators, which generate the linguistic recommendations according to the majority of the evaluation judgments provided by different visitors. The use of this methodology could improve tasks such as information filtering and evaluation on the World Wide Web.
- Date
- 22. 7.2006 17:05:46
- Footnote
- Beitrag in einer Special Topic Section on Soft Approaches to Information Retrieval and Information Access on the Web
- Source
- Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology. 57(2006) no.4, S.538-549
-
Hemminger, B.M.: Introduction to the special issue on bioinformatics (2005)
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- Date
- 22. 7.2006 14:19:22
- Source
- Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology. 56(2005) no.5, S.437-439
-
Hobohm, H.-C.: ¬The impact of new technology on libraries : an introductory note (1996)
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- Abstract
- Briefly reviews some of the challenges facing libraries with particular reference to new information technology such as the Internet and viewed in the light of recent writings on the topic
- Footnote
- Paper presented at the Open Session of the section Social Sciences Libraries, 62nd IFLA General Conference, Renmin University, Beijing, 27 Aug 1996
-
Spink, A.; Cole, C.: ¬A multitasking framework for cognitive information retrieval (2005)
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- Abstract
- Information retrieval (IR) research has developed considerably since the 1950's to include consideration of more cognitive, interactive and iterative processes during the interaction between humans and IR or Web systems (Ingwersen, 1992, 1996). Interactive search sessions by humans with IR systems have been depicted as interactive IR models (Saracevic, 1997). Human-IR system interaction is also modeled as taking place within the context of broader human information behavior (HIB) processes (Spink et al., 2002). Research into the human or cognitive (user modeling) aspects of IR is a growing body of research on user interactivity, task performance and measures for observing user interactivity. The task context and situational characteristics of users' searches and evaluation have also been identified as key elements in a user's interaction with an IR system (Cool and Spink, 2002; Vakkari, 2003). Major theorized interactive IR models have been proposed relating to the single search episode, including Ingwersen's (1992,1996) Cognitive Model of IR Interaction, Belkin et al.'s (1995) Episodic Interaction Model, and Saracevic's (1996,1997) Stratified Model of IR Interaction. In this chapter we examine Saracevic's Stratified Model of IR Interaction and extend the model within the framework of cognitive IR (CIR) to depict CIR as a multitasking process. This chapter provides a new direction for CIR research by conceptualizing IR with a multitasking context. The next section of the chapter defines the concept of multitasking in the cognitive sciences and Section 3 discusses the emerging understanding of multitasking information behavior. In Section 4, cognitive IR is depicted within a multitasking framework using Saracevic's (1996, 1997) Stratified Model of IR Interaction. In Section 5, we link information searching and seeking models together, via Saracevic's Stratified Model of IR Interaction, but starting with a unitask model of HIB. We begin to model multitasking in cognitive IR in Section 6. In Sections 7 and 8, we increase the complexity of our developing multitasking model of cognitive IR by adding coordinating mechanisms, including feedback loops. Finally, in Section 9, we conclude the chapter and indicate future directions for further research.
- Date
- 19. 1.2007 12:55:22
- Series
- The information retrieval series, vol. 19
- Source
- New directions in cognitive information retrieval. Eds.: A. Spink, C. Cole
-
Leydesdorff, L.; Sun, Y.: National and international dimensions of the Triple Helix in Japan : university-industry-government versus international coauthorship relations (2009)
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- Abstract
- International co-authorship relations and university-industry-government (Triple Helix) relations have hitherto been studied separately. Using Japanese publication data for the 1981-2004 period, we were able to study both kinds of relations in a single design. In the Japanese file, 1,277,030 articles with at least one Japanese address were attributed to the three sectors, and we know additionally whether these papers were coauthored internationally. Using the mutual information in three and four dimensions, respectively, we show that the Japanese Triple-Helix system has been continuously eroded at the national level. However, since the mid-1990s, international coauthorship relations have contributed to a reduction of the uncertainty at the national level. In other words, the national publication system of Japan has developed a capacity to retain surplus value generated internationally. In a final section, we compare these results with an analysis based on similar data for Canada. A relative uncoupling of national university-industry-government relations because of international collaborations is indicated in both countries.
- Date
- 22. 3.2009 19:07:20
- Source
- Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology. 60(2009) no.4, S.778-788
-
Argamon, S.: Introduction to the special topic section on the computational analysis of style (2006)
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- Abstract
- Welcome to this special topic section on the computational analysis of style, which brings together for the first time diverse research work in this unique and exciting area. This marks the emergence, within the information sciences, of a new research community focused on understanding style as it is expressed in and understood from human artifacts and behaviors of various kinds, including (among others) natural language texts, visual art, music, architecture, cinema, and games. Researchers working on these problems come from backgrounds as diverse as computational linguistics, cognitive science, computer graphics/vision, architecture, computer music, decision theory, and machine learning. What all of us have in common is an interest in understanding and analyzing style using computational tools. Style-related work in every medium involves the problem of how to formalize some notion of what "style" is, and of developing a modeling language that supports the representation of differing styles; however, due to the widely varying technical requirements of work in different media, little communication has traditionally existed between different "style researchers." The main goal of this special topic section of the Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology is to help bridge this gap.
- Source
- Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology. 57(2006) no.11, S.1503-1505
-
Aspray, W.; Aspray, P.: Does technology really outpace policy, and does it matter? : a primer for technical experts and others (2023)
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- Abstract
- This paper reconsiders the outpacing argument, the belief that changes in law and other means of regulation cannot keep pace with recent changes in technology. We focus on information and communication technologies (ICTs) in and of themselves as well as applied in computer science, telecommunications, health, finance, and other applications, but our argument applies also in rapidly developing technological fields such as environmental science, materials science, and genetic engineering. First, we discuss why the outpacing argument is so closely associated with information and computing technologies. We then outline 12 arguments that support the outpacing argument, by pointing to some particular weaknesses of policy making, using the United States as the primary example. Then arguing in the opposite direction, we present 4 brief and 3 more extended criticisms of the outpacing thesis. The paper's final section responds to calls within the technical community for greater engagement of policy and ethical concerns and reviews the paper's major arguments. While the paper focuses on ICTs and policy making in the United States, our critique of the outpacing argument and our exploration of its complex character are of utility to actors in other political contexts and in other technical fields.
- Date
- 22. 7.2023 13:28:28
- Source
- Journal of the Association for Information Science and Technology. 74(2023) no.8, S.885-904
-
Lam, W.; Yang, C.C.; Menczer, F.: Introduction to the special topic section on mining Web resources for enhancing information retrieval (2007)
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- Abstract
- The amount of information on the Web has been expanding at an enormous pace. There are a variety of Web documents in different genres, such as news, reports, reviews. Traditionally, the information displayed on Web sites has been static. Recently, there are many Web sites offering content that is dynamically generated and frequently updated. It is also common for Web sites to contain information in different languages since many countries adopt more than one language. Moreover, content may exist in multimedia formats including text, images, video, and audio.
- Footnote
- Einführung in einen Themenschwerpunkt "Mining Web resources for enhancing information retrieval"
- Source
- Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology. 58(2007) no.12, S.1791-1792
-
Bourne, R.: Bridging the gap : technological differences in the production of current national bibliographies (1994)
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- Abstract
- Describes the activities of the IFLA Section on Bibliography in the improvement of bibliographic control and, especially, the encouragement of national bibliographies. Outlines a project to identify those aspects of producing a current national bibliography that distinguishes advanced countries from those that are economically disadvantaged. Presents observations regarding technology and national bibliographies and invites comments upon them to serve as input to the project. Deals with: format; coverage; currency; quality; national networks; infrastructure; education; scholarship and the national library community; and information technology
-
Gobbin, R.: ¬The role of cultural filters in user resistance to information technology tools (1998)
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- Abstract
- User adoption or rejection of new information technology tools is derived from the cultural fitness of the tools in the organizational context rather than being close to the user's operational adaptation. Examines concepts of tool-mediated activity in a cultural context and their theoretical implications for human computer interaction by using the fields of anthropology, cognitive sciences and information technology. Performs a comparative analysis of empirical data using cultural parameters showing the effects of cultural fitness on the discretionary use of new collaborative information technology tool in an organizational context
- Footnote
- Contribution to a special section devoted to the role of culture in the globalisation of human-computer systems
