-
Robertson, S.E.: OKAPI at TREC-3 (1995)
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- Abstract
- Reports text information retrieval experiments performed as part of the 3 rd round of Text Retrieval Conferences (TREC) using the Okapi online catalogue system at City University, UK. The emphasis in TREC-3 was: further refinement of term weighting functions; an investigation of run time passage determination and searching; expansion of ad hoc queries by terms extracted from the top documents retrieved by a trial search; new methods for choosing query expansion terms after relevance feedback, now split into methods of ranking terms prior to selection and subsequent selection procedures; and the development of a user interface procedure within the new TREC interactive search framework
- Pages
- 27 S
- Theme
- Semantisches Umfeld in Indexierung u. Retrieval
-
Großjohann, K.: Gathering-, Harvesting-, Suchmaschinen (1996)
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- Date
- 7. 2.1996 22:38:41
- Pages
- 22 S
-
Jansen, B.; Browne, G.M.: Navigating information spaces : index / mind map / topic map? (2021)
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- Abstract
- This paper discusses the use of wiki technology to provide a navigation structure for a collection of newspaper clippings. We overview the architecture of the wiki, discuss the navigation structure and pose the question: is the navigation structure an index, and if so, what type, or is it just a linkage structure or topic map. Does such a distinction really matter? Are these definitions in reality function based?
- Theme
- Semantisches Umfeld in Indexierung u. Retrieval
-
Noever, D.; Ciolino, M.: ¬The Turing deception (2022)
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- Abstract
- This research revisits the classic Turing test and compares recent large language models such as ChatGPT for their abilities to reproduce human-level comprehension and compelling text generation. Two task challenges- summary and question answering- prompt ChatGPT to produce original content (98-99%) from a single text entry and sequential questions initially posed by Turing in 1950. We score the original and generated content against the OpenAI GPT-2 Output Detector from 2019, and establish multiple cases where the generated content proves original and undetectable (98%). The question of a machine fooling a human judge recedes in this work relative to the question of "how would one prove it?" The original contribution of the work presents a metric and simple grammatical set for understanding the writing mechanics of chatbots in evaluating their readability and statistical clarity, engagement, delivery, overall quality, and plagiarism risks. While Turing's original prose scores at least 14% below the machine-generated output, whether an algorithm displays hints of Turing's true initial thoughts (the "Lovelace 2.0" test) remains unanswerable.
- Source
- https%3A%2F%2Farxiv.org%2Fabs%2F2212.06721&usg=AOvVaw3i_9pZm9y_dQWoHi6uv0EN
- Type
- a
-
Luo, L.; Ju, J.; Li, Y.-F.; Haffari, G.; Xiong, B.; Pan, S.: ChatRule: mining logical rules with large language models for knowledge graph reasoning (2023)
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- Abstract
- Logical rules are essential for uncovering the logical connections between relations, which could improve the reasoning performance and provide interpretable results on knowledge graphs (KGs). Although there have been many efforts to mine meaningful logical rules over KGs, existing methods suffer from the computationally intensive searches over the rule space and a lack of scalability for large-scale KGs. Besides, they often ignore the semantics of relations which is crucial for uncovering logical connections. Recently, large language models (LLMs) have shown impressive performance in the field of natural language processing and various applications, owing to their emergent ability and generalizability. In this paper, we propose a novel framework, ChatRule, unleashing the power of large language models for mining logical rules over knowledge graphs. Specifically, the framework is initiated with an LLM-based rule generator, leveraging both the semantic and structural information of KGs to prompt LLMs to generate logical rules. To refine the generated rules, a rule ranking module estimates the rule quality by incorporating facts from existing KGs. Last, a rule validator harnesses the reasoning ability of LLMs to validate the logical correctness of ranked rules through chain-of-thought reasoning. ChatRule is evaluated on four large-scale KGs, w.r.t. different rule quality metrics and downstream tasks, showing the effectiveness and scalability of our method.
- Date
- 23.11.2023 19:07:22
-
Bhattacharyya, G.: Classifying by UDC and CC: a comparative study (1972)
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- Source
- Paper presented at the DRTC seminar 9, 1971. 50 S
-
Yitzhaki, M.: ¬A draft version of a consolidated thesaurus for the rapidly growing field of alternative medicine (2000)
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- Series
- 049-130-E+F+G+S
-
Schöneberg, U.; Gödert, W.: Erschließung mathematischer Publikationen mittels linguistischer Verfahren (2012)
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-
Peponakis, M.; Mastora, A.; Kapidakis, S.; Doerr, M.: Expressiveness and machine processability of Knowledge Organization Systems (KOS) : an analysis of concepts and relations (2020)
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- Abstract
- This study considers the expressiveness (that is the expressive power or expressivity) of different types of Knowledge Organization Systems (KOS) and discusses its potential to be machine-processable in the context of the Semantic Web. For this purpose, the theoretical foundations of KOS are reviewed based on conceptualizations introduced by the Functional Requirements for Subject Authority Data (FRSAD) and the Simple Knowledge Organization System (SKOS); natural language processing techniques are also implemented. Applying a comparative analysis, the dataset comprises a thesaurus (Eurovoc), a subject headings system (LCSH) and a classification scheme (DDC). These are compared with an ontology (CIDOC-CRM) by focusing on how they define and handle concepts and relations. It was observed that LCSH and DDC focus on the formalism of character strings (nomens) rather than on the modelling of semantics; their definition of what constitutes a concept is quite fuzzy, and they comprise a large number of complex concepts. By contrast, thesauri have a coherent definition of what constitutes a concept, and apply a systematic approach to the modelling of relations. Ontologies explicitly define diverse types of relations, and are by their nature machine-processable. The paper concludes that the potential of both the expressiveness and machine processability of each KOS is extensively regulated by its structural rules. It is harder to represent subject headings and classification schemes as semantic networks with nodes and arcs, while thesauri are more suitable for such a representation. In addition, a paradigm shift is revealed which focuses on the modelling of relations between concepts, rather than the concepts themselves.
- Source
- International journal on digital libraries. 20(2020) no.4, S.433-452
-
Wätjen, H.-J.: Mensch oder Maschine? : Auswahl und Erschließung vonm Informationsressourcen im Internet (1996)
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- Date
- 2. 2.1996 15:40:22
-
Balikova, M.: ¬The national bibliography of a small country in international context (2000)
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- Series
- 093-123-E+F+G+S
-
Broughton, V.: ¬A new classification for the literature for religion (2000)
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- Series
- 034-130-E+G+S
-
Stoklasova, B.: ¬The national bibliography of a small country in international context (2000)
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- Series
- 093-123-E+F+G+S
-
Robertson, S.E.: OKAPI at TREC-1 (1994)
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- Abstract
- Describes the work carried out on the TREC-2 project following the results of the TREC-1 project. Experiments were conducted on the OKAPI experimental text information retrieval system which investigated a number of alternative probabilistic term weighting functions in place of the 'standard' Robertson Sparck Jones weighting functions used in TREC-1
- Pages
- 19 S
-
Geißelmann, F.: Perspektiven für eine DDC-Anwendung in den Bibliotheksverbünden (1999)
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- Pages
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Lehmann, F.: Semiosis complicates high-level ontology (2000)
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- Abstract
- For automated question-answering, natural-language understanding, semantic integration of different databases/standards/thesauri/etc., you need a big complicated ontology of concepts and a logical language to combine them. Cyc (www.cyc.com) is such a system. It's good for your upper ontology to be systematic and clear, One way is to have a small number of well-defined distinctions at the top, by which all more specific concepts are partitioned. This is a system of "factors", or "facets" in Ranganathan's sense Iyer 1995) much like Aristotle's "differentia" in his "categories", as promoted in John Sowa's "ontological crystal". Practical considerations have driven Cyc's builders to mess up the neatness of such upper divisions. In particular, the simplicity of some very high "factors" is confounded, for practical use, by the occurrence in our world of semiosis and representation This talk will report on some of our experiences
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- 7 S
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Kemp, A. de: Information provision : a publisher's point of view in changing times and with new technologies (1993)
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Witt, M.: Survey on the use of the catalogue at the médiathèque of the cité des sciences et de l'industrie (CSI) (1993)
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- Abstract
- An exploratory research study on OPACs was done within the framework of the French PARINFO program by four different teams: ENSSIB-CERSI, City Univ. of London, Médiathèque of the Cité des Sciences et de l'industrie and a firm GSI-ERLI. During the month of June 1992, 650 individual searches on four terminals were collected. The sessions were automatically recorded, accompanied by two online questionnaires, a pre-search and a post-search questionnaire. Some questions were asked orally by an interviewer and the answers noted. The article analyses the researches perceived by user as difficult or impossible. Some examples of the difficulties are given
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- 9 S
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Pejtersen, A.M.; Jensen, H.; Speck, P.; Villumsen, S.; Weber, S.: Catalogs for children : the Book House project on visualization of database retrieval and classification (1993)
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- Abstract
- This paper describes the Book House system which is designed to support children's information retrieval in libraries as part of their education. It is a shareware program available on CD-ROM and discs, and comprises functionality for database searching as well as for the classification and storage of book information in the database. The system concept is based on an understanding of children's domain structures and their capabilities for categorization of information needs in connection with their activities in public libraries, in school libraries or in schools. These structures are visualized in the interface by using metaphors and multimedia technology. Through the use of text, images and animation, the Book House supports children - even at a very early age - to learn by doing in an enjoyable way which plays on their previous experiences with computer games. Both words and pictures can be used for searching; this makes the system suitable for all age groups. Even children who have not yet learned to read properly can by selecting pictures search for and find books they would like to have read aloud. Thus at the very beginning of their school period, they can learn to search for books on their own. For the library community itself, such a system will provide an extended service which will increase the number of children's own searches and also improve the relevance, quality and utilization of the collections in the libraries. A market research on the need for an annual indexing service for books in the Book House format is in preparation by the Danish Library Center
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- 19 S
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Isaac, A.; Raemy, J.A.; Meijers, E.; Valk, S. De; Freire, N.: Metadata aggregation via linked data : results of the Europeana Common Culture project (2020)
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