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  1. XML & Co : Die W3C-Spezifikationen für Dokumenten- und Datenarchitektur (2002) 0.04 
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    Footnote
    Rez. in: XML Magazin und Web Services 2003, H.1, S.13 (T. Weitzel): "Die Standards der XML-Familie sind nun auch in deutscher Übersetzung und Kommentierung verfügbar. Unter der Leitung von Stefan Mintert, der 1998 bereits die XML-Spezifikation selbst übersetzte, ist zusammen mit einem Team namhafter XML-Spezialisten und mit Unterstützung des deutsch-österreichischen W3C-Büros eine Sammlung aller wichtigen Specs aus der XML-Familie bei Addison-Wesley erschienen. Genauer gesagt handelt es sich um die kommentierten und übersetzten Versionen der Standards aus der W3C Activity Domain Architecture/XML, und zwar, in chronologischer Reihenfolge, XML, Namensräume, Verknüpfen von Stylesheets mit XML-Dokumenten, XPath, XSLT, XML Schema 0-3 (Einführung, Strukturen und Datentypen), XLink, XML Base und XML Information Set. Ziel des Projekts "edition W3C" war es, den Inhalt der jeweiligen Spezifikationen besser verständlich zu machen und so auch einen Beitrag zur Verbreitung der Standards zu leisten. Daher liegen die Übersetzungen nicht nur in Buchform vor, sondern sind sie über das normative Original hinaus in unterschiedlichem Umfang durch die jeweiligen Experten kommentiert. Insbesondere XPath ist so ausführlich und liebevoll mit vielen Erläuterungen und Abbildungen versehen, dass eine analoge Behandlung etwa der Schema-Specs sicherlich den Rahmen des Buchs gesprengt hätte. Das erhoffte Feedback auf die unterschiedlichen Übersetzungen und Kommentierungen soll helfen, das geplante zweite Buch der edition W3C-Reihe zu XHTML und CSS an den Leserwünschen auszurichten. Interessant ist, dass das Buch selbst in XML erstellt wurde (XMLspec-DTD). Wie schon in "XML in der Praxis" (zusammen mit Henning Behme) hat Stefan Mintert für die edition W3C in lehrbuchmäßiger Cross-Media-Manier XML eingesetzt. So konnte beispielsweise das Stichwortverzeichnis (www.edition-w3c.de/ gesamtindex.html) direkt per Single Source aus den jeweiligen Spezifikationen generiert werden. Eine Besonderheit des 1999 initiierten Projekts liegt darin, dass es sich um die einzige durch das W3C legitimierte PrintPublikation überhaupt handelt, nachdem 1997 das WWW Journal (W3J) bei O'Reilly eingestellt wurde. Darüber hinaus ist die edition W3 C das einzige offizielle, also vom örtlichen W3C-Büro unterstützte, Übersetzungsprojekt. Bedenkt man, dass das W3C-neben Boston-Sitze in Frankreich und Japan hat, stellt sich die Frage, ob dort Übersetzungen nicht noch viel stärker nachgefragt werden könnten und somit auch zur weiteren Durchsetzung der XML-Familie beitragen könnten. Die Übersetzungen sind, allerdings ohne Kommentierungen, auch über die Website des Projekts bei www.edition-w3c.de/ verlinkt. Dort gibt es auch weitere Übersetzungen, etwa zu XHTML oder CSS L2."
  2. Vonhoegen, H.: Einstieg in XML (2002) 0.03 
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    Abstract
    Dieses Buch richtet sich an alle, die eine kompetente Einführung in XML benötigen - praxisnah und verständlich aufbereitet. Die referenzartige Darstellung der eXtensible Markup Language XML, ihrer Dialekte und Technologien wird dabei durch viele Beispiele vertieft. »Einstieg in XML« ist kein theoretisches Buch zu verschiedenen Standards der Sprachfamilie XML. Hier bekommen Sie in konzentrierter Form genau das, was Sie zur Entwicklung eigener XML-Lösungen brauchen. Die im Buch enthaltene CD enthält alle nötigen Tools, um sofort starten zu können.
    Footnote
    Rez. in: XML Magazin und Web Services 2003, H.1, S.14 (S. Meyen): "Seit dem 22. Februar 1999 ist das Resource Description Framework (RDF) als W3C-Empfehlung verfügbar. Doch was steckt hinter diesem Standard, der das Zeitalter des Semantischen Webs einläuten soll? Was RDF bedeutet, wozu man es einsetzt, welche Vorteile es gegenüber XML hat und wie man RDF anwendet, soll in diesem Artikel erläutert werden. Schlägt man das Buch auf und beginnt, im EinleitungsKapitel zu schmökern, fällt sogleich ins Auge, dass der Leser nicht mit Lektionen im Stile von "bei XML sind die spitzen Klammern ganz wichtig" belehrt wird, obgleich es sich um ein Buch für Anfänger handelt. Im Gegenteil: Es geht gleich zur Sache und eine gesunde Mischung an Vorkenntnissen wird vorausgesetzt. Wer sich heute für XML interessiert, der hat ja mit 99-prozentiger Wahrscheinlichkeit schon seine einschlägigen Erfahrungen mit HTML und dem Web gemacht und ist kein Newbie in dem Reich der spitzen Klammern und der (einigermaßen) wohlformatierten Dokumente. Und hier liegt eine deutliche Stärke des Werkes Helmut Vonhoegens, der seinen Einsteiger-Leser recht gut einzuschätzen weiß und ihn daher praxisnah und verständlich ans Thema heranführt. Das dritte Kapitel beschäftigt sich mit der Document Type Definition (DTD) und beschreibt deren Einsatzziele und Verwendungsweisen. Doch betont der Autor hier unablässig die Begrenztheit dieses Ansatzes, welche den Ruf nach einem neuen Konzept deutlich macht: XML Schema, welches er im folgenden Kapitel darstellt. Ein recht ausführliches Kapitel widmet sich dann dem relativ aktuellen XML Schema-Konzept und erläutert dessen Vorzüge gegenüber der DTD (Modellierung komplexer Datenstrukturen, Unterstützung zahlreicher Datentypen, Zeichenbegrenzungen u.v.m.). XML Schema legt, so erfährt der Leser, wie die alte DTD, das Vokabular und die zulässige Grammatik eines XML-Dokuments fest, ist aber seinerseits ebenfalls ein XML-Dokument und kann (bzw. sollte) wie jedes andere XML auf Wohlgeformtheit überprüft werden. Weitere Kapitel behandeln die Navigations-Standards XPath, XLink und XPointer, Transformationen mit XSLT und XSL und natürlich die XML-Programmierschnittstellen DOM und SAX. Dabei kommen verschiedene Implementierungen zum Einsatz und erfreulicherweise werden Microsoft-Ansätze auf der einen und Java/Apache-Projekte auf der anderen Seite in ungefähr vergleichbarem Umfang vorgestellt. Im letzten Kapitel schließlich behandelt Vonhoegen die obligatorischen Web Services ("Webdienste") als Anwendungsfall von XML und demonstriert ein kleines C#- und ASP-basiertes Beispiel (das Java-Äquivalent mit Apache Axis fehlt leider). "Einstieg in XML" präsentiert seinen Stoff in klar verständlicher Form und versteht es, seine Leser auf einem guten Niveau "abzuholen". Es bietet einen guten Überblick über die Grundlagen von XML und kann - zumindest derzeit noch - mit recht hoher Aktualität aufwarten."
  3. Anderson, R.; Birbeck, M.; Kay, M.; Livingstone, S.; Loesgen, B.; Martin, D.; Mohr, S.; Ozu, N.; Peat, B.; Pinnock, J.; Stark, P.; Williams, K.: XML professionell : behandelt W3C DOM, SAX, CSS, XSLT, DTDs, XML Schemas, XLink, XPointer, XPath, E-Commerce, BizTalk, B2B, SOAP, WAP, WML (2000) 0.02 
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    Abstract
    In diesem Buch sollen die grundlegenden Techniken zur Erstellung, Anwendung und nicht zuletzt Darstellung von XML-Dokumenten erklärt und demonstriert werden. Die wichtigste und vornehmste Aufgabe dieses Buches ist es jedoch, die Grundlagen von XML, wie sie vom World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) festgelegt sind, darzustellen. Das W3C hat nicht nur die Entwicklung von XML initiiert und ist die zuständige Organisation für alle XML-Standards, es werden auch weiterhin XML-Spezifikationen vom W3C entwickelt. Auch wenn immer mehr Vorschläge für neue XML-basierte Techniken aus dem weiteren Umfeld der an XML Interessierten kommen, so spielt doch weiterhin das W3C die zentrale und wichtigste Rolle für die Entwicklung von XML. Der Schwerpunkt dieses Buches liegt darin, zu lernen, wie man XML als tragende Technologie in echten Alltags-Anwendungen verwendet. Wir wollen Ihnen gute Design-Techniken vorstellen und demonstrieren, wie man XML-fähige Anwendungen mit Applikationen für das WWW oder mit Datenbanksystemen verknüpft. Wir wollen die Grenzen und Möglichkeiten von XML ausloten und eine Vorausschau auf einige "nascent"-Technologien werfen. Egal ob Ihre Anforderungen sich mehr an dem Austausch von Daten orientieren oder bei der visuellen Gestaltung liegen, dieses Buch behandelt alle relevanten Techniken. jedes Kapitel enthält ein Anwendungsbeispiel. Da XML eine Plattform-neutrale Technologie ist, werden in den Beispielen eine breite Palette von Sprachen, Parsern und Servern behandelt. Jede der vorgestellten Techniken und Methoden ist auf allen Plattformen und Betriebssystemen relevant. Auf diese Weise erhalten Sie wichtige Einsichten durch diese Beispiele, auch wenn die konkrete Implementierung nicht auf dem von Ihnen bevorzugten System durchgeführt wurde.
    Date
    22. 6.2005 15:12:11
  4. XML in libraries (2002) 0.01 
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    Footnote
    Rez. in: JASIST 55(2004) no.14, S.1304-1305 (Z. Holbrooks):"The eXtensible Markup Language (XML) and its family of enabling technologies (XPath, XPointer, XLink, XSLT, et al.) were the new "new thing" only a couple of years ago. Happily, XML is now a W3C standard, and its enabling technologies are rapidly proliferating and maturing. Together, they are changing the way data is handled an the Web, how legacy data is accessed and leveraged in corporate archives, and offering the Semantic Web community a powerful toolset. Library and information professionals need a basic understanding of what XML is, and what its impacts will be an the library community as content vendors and publishers convert to the new standards. Norman Desmarais aims to provide librarians with an overview of XML and some potential library applications. The ABCs of XML contains the useful basic information that most general XML works cover. It is addressed to librarians, as evidenced by the occasional reference to periodical vendors, MARC, and OPACs. However, librarians without SGML, HTML, database, or programming experience may find the work daunting. The snippets of code-most incomplete and unattended by screenshots to illustrate the result of the code's execution-obscure more often than they enlighten. A single code sample (p. 91, a book purchase order) is immediately recognizable and sensible. There are no figures, illustrations, or screenshots. Subsection headings are used conservatively. Readers are confronted with page after page of unbroken technical text, and occasionally oddly formatted text (in some of the code samples). The author concentrates an commercial products and projects. Library and agency initiatives-for example, the National Institutes of Health HL-7 and U.S. Department of Education's GEM project-are notable for their absence. The Library of Congress USMARC to SGML effort is discussed in chapter 1, which covers the relationship of XML to its parent SGML, the XML processor, and data type definitions, using MARC as its illustrative example. Chapter 3 addresses the stylesheet options for XML, including DSSSL, CSS, and XSL. The Document Style Semantics and Specification Language (DSSSL) was created for use with SGML, and pruned into DSSSL-Lite and further (DSSSL-online). Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) were created for use with HTML. Extensible Style Language (XSL) is a further revision (and extension) of DSSSL-o specifically for use with XML. Discussion of aural stylesheets and Synchronized Multimedia Integration Language (SMIL) round out the chapter.
    Chapter 4 introduces XML internal and external pointing and linking technologies. XML Link Language (XLL, now XLink) provides unidirectional, multi-ended, and typed linking. XPointer, used with XLink, provides addressing into the interior of XML documents. XPath operates an the logical structure of an XML document, creating a tree of nodes. Used with both XPointer and XSLT, it permits operations an strings, numbers, and Boolean expressions in the document. The final chapter, "Getting Started" argues for the adoption of a tool for XML production. The features and functionality of various tools for content development, application development, databases, and schema development provide an introduction to some of the available options. Roy Tennant is weIl known in the library community as an author (bis column "Digital Libraries" has appeared in Library Journal since 1997 and he has published Current Cites each month for more than a decade), an electronic discussion list manager (Web4Lib and XML4Lib), and as the creator and manager of UC/Berkeley's Digital Library SunSITE. Librarians have wondered what use they might make of XML since its beginnings. Tennant suggests one answer: "The Extensible Markup Language (XML) has the potential to exceed the impact of MARC an librarianship. While MARC is limited to bibliographic descriptionand arguably a subset at that, as any archivist will tell you-XML provides a highly-effective framework for encoding anything from a bibliographic record for a book to the book itself." (Tennant, p. vii) This slim paperback volume offers librarians and library managers concerned with automation projects "show and teIl" examples of XML technologies used as solutions to everyday tasks and challenges. What distinguishes this work is the editor and contributors' commitment to providing messy details. This book's target audience is technically savvy. While not a "cookbook" per se, the information provided an each project serves as a draft blueprint complete with acronyms and jargon. The inclusion of "lessons learned" (including failures as well as successes) is refreshing and commendable. Experienced IT and automation project veterans will appreciate the technical specifics more fully than the general reader.
    Tennant's collection covers a variety of well- and lesser-known XML-based pilot and prototype projects undertaken by libraries around the world. Some of the projects included are: Stanford's XMLMARC conversion, Oregon State's use of XML in interlibrary loaning, e-books (California Digital Library) and electronic scholarly publishing (University of Michigan), the Washington Research Library Consortium's XML-based Web Services, and using TEI Lite to support indexing (Halton Hills Public Library). Of the 13 projects presented, nine are sited in academe, three are state library endeavors, and one is an American public library initiative. The projects are gathered into sections grouped by seven library applications: the use of XML in library catalog records, interlibrary loan, cataloging and indexing, collection building, databases, data migration, and systems interoperability. Each project is introduced with a few paragraphs of background information. The project reports-averaging about 13 pages each-include project goals and justification, project description, challenges and lessons learned (successes and failures), future plans, implications of the work, contact information for individual(s) responsible for the project, and relevant Web links and resources. The clear strengths of this collection are in the details and the consistency of presentation. The concise project write-ups flow well and encourage interested readers to follow-up via personal contacts and URLs. The sole weakness is the price. XML in Libraries will excite and inspire institutions and organizations with technically adept staff resources and visionary leaders. Erik Ray has written a how-to book. Unlike most, Learning XML is not aimed at the professional programming community. The intended audience is readers familiar with a structured markup (HTML, TEX, etc.) and Web concepts (hypertext links, data representation). In the first six chapters, Ray introduces XMUs main concepts and tools for writing, viewing, testing, and transforming XML (chapter 1), describes basic syntax (chapter 2), discusses linking with XLink and XPointer (chapter 3), introduces Cascading Style Sheets for use with XML (chapter 4), explains document type definitions (DTDs) and schemas (chapter 5), and covers XSLT stylesheets and XPath (chapter 6). Chapter 7 introduces Unicode, internationalization and language support, including CSS and XSLT encoding. Chapter 8 is an overview of writing software for processing XML, and includes the Perl code for an XML syntax checker. This work is written very accessibly for nonprogrammers. Writers, designers, and students just starting to acquire Web technology skills will find Ray's style approachable. Concepts are introduced in a logical flow, and explained clearly. Code samples (130+), illustrations and screen shots (50+), and numerous tables are distributed throughout the text. Ray uses a modified DocBook DTD and a checkbook example throughout, introducing concepts in early chapters and adding new concepts to them. Readers become familiar with the code and its evolution through repeated exposure. The code for converting the "barebones DocBook" DTD (10 pages of code) to HTML via XSLT stylesheet occupies 19 pages. Both code examples allow the learner to sec an accumulation of snippets incorporated into a sensible whole. While experienced programmers might not need this type of support, nonprogrammers certainly do. Using the checkbook example is an inspired choice: Most of us are familiar with personal checking, even if few of us world build an XML application for it. Learning XML is an excellent textbook. I've used it for several years as a recommended text for adult continuing education courses and workshops."
  5. Learning XML (2003) 0.01 
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    Footnote
    Rez. in: JASIST 55(2004) no.14, S.1304-1305 (Z. Holbrooks):"The eXtensible Markup Language (XML) and its family of enabling technologies (XPath, XPointer, XLink, XSLT, et al.) were the new "new thing" only a couple of years ago. Happily, XML is now a W3C standard, and its enabling technologies are rapidly proliferating and maturing. Together, they are changing the way data is handled an the Web, how legacy data is accessed and leveraged in corporate archives, and offering the Semantic Web community a powerful toolset. Library and information professionals need a basic understanding of what XML is, and what its impacts will be an the library community as content vendors and publishers convert to the new standards. Norman Desmarais aims to provide librarians with an overview of XML and some potential library applications. The ABCs of XML contains the useful basic information that most general XML works cover. It is addressed to librarians, as evidenced by the occasional reference to periodical vendors, MARC, and OPACs. However, librarians without SGML, HTML, database, or programming experience may find the work daunting. The snippets of code-most incomplete and unattended by screenshots to illustrate the result of the code's execution-obscure more often than they enlighten. A single code sample (p. 91, a book purchase order) is immediately recognizable and sensible. There are no figures, illustrations, or screenshots. Subsection headings are used conservatively. Readers are confronted with page after page of unbroken technical text, and occasionally oddly formatted text (in some of the code samples). The author concentrates an commercial products and projects. Library and agency initiatives-for example, the National Institutes of Health HL-7 and U.S. Department of Education's GEM project-are notable for their absence. The Library of Congress USMARC to SGML effort is discussed in chapter 1, which covers the relationship of XML to its parent SGML, the XML processor, and data type definitions, using MARC as its illustrative example. Chapter 3 addresses the stylesheet options for XML, including DSSSL, CSS, and XSL. The Document Style Semantics and Specification Language (DSSSL) was created for use with SGML, and pruned into DSSSL-Lite and further (DSSSL-online). Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) were created for use with HTML. Extensible Style Language (XSL) is a further revision (and extension) of DSSSL-o specifically for use with XML. Discussion of aural stylesheets and Synchronized Multimedia Integration Language (SMIL) round out the chapter.
    Chapter 4 introduces XML internal and external pointing and linking technologies. XML Link Language (XLL, now XLink) provides unidirectional, multi-ended, and typed linking. XPointer, used with XLink, provides addressing into the interior of XML documents. XPath operates an the logical structure of an XML document, creating a tree of nodes. Used with both XPointer and XSLT, it permits operations an strings, numbers, and Boolean expressions in the document. The final chapter, "Getting Started" argues for the adoption of a tool for XML production. The features and functionality of various tools for content development, application development, databases, and schema development provide an introduction to some of the available options. Roy Tennant is weIl known in the library community as an author (bis column "Digital Libraries" has appeared in Library Journal since 1997 and he has published Current Cites each month for more than a decade), an electronic discussion list manager (Web4Lib and XML4Lib), and as the creator and manager of UC/Berkeley's Digital Library SunSITE. Librarians have wondered what use they might make of XML since its beginnings. Tennant suggests one answer: "The Extensible Markup Language (XML) has the potential to exceed the impact of MARC an librarianship. While MARC is limited to bibliographic descriptionand arguably a subset at that, as any archivist will tell you-XML provides a highly-effective framework for encoding anything from a bibliographic record for a book to the book itself." (Tennant, p. vii) This slim paperback volume offers librarians and library managers concerned with automation projects "show and teIl" examples of XML technologies used as solutions to everyday tasks and challenges. What distinguishes this work is the editor and contributors' commitment to providing messy details. This book's target audience is technically savvy. While not a "cookbook" per se, the information provided an each project serves as a draft blueprint complete with acronyms and jargon. The inclusion of "lessons learned" (including failures as well as successes) is refreshing and commendable. Experienced IT and automation project veterans will appreciate the technical specifics more fully than the general reader.
    Tennant's collection covers a variety of well- and lesser-known XML-based pilot and prototype projects undertaken by libraries around the world. Some of the projects included are: Stanford's XMLMARC conversion, Oregon State's use of XML in interlibrary loaning, e-books (California Digital Library) and electronic scholarly publishing (University of Michigan), the Washington Research Library Consortium's XML-based Web Services, and using TEI Lite to support indexing (Halton Hills Public Library). Of the 13 projects presented, nine are sited in academe, three are state library endeavors, and one is an American public library initiative. The projects are gathered into sections grouped by seven library applications: the use of XML in library catalog records, interlibrary loan, cataloging and indexing, collection building, databases, data migration, and systems interoperability. Each project is introduced with a few paragraphs of background information. The project reports-averaging about 13 pages each-include project goals and justification, project description, challenges and lessons learned (successes and failures), future plans, implications of the work, contact information for individual(s) responsible for the project, and relevant Web links and resources. The clear strengths of this collection are in the details and the consistency of presentation. The concise project write-ups flow well and encourage interested readers to follow-up via personal contacts and URLs. The sole weakness is the price. XML in Libraries will excite and inspire institutions and organizations with technically adept staff resources and visionary leaders. Erik Ray has written a how-to book. Unlike most, Learning XML is not aimed at the professional programming community. The intended audience is readers familiar with a structured markup (HTML, TEX, etc.) and Web concepts (hypertext links, data representation). In the first six chapters, Ray introduces XMUs main concepts and tools for writing, viewing, testing, and transforming XML (chapter 1), describes basic syntax (chapter 2), discusses linking with XLink and XPointer (chapter 3), introduces Cascading Style Sheets for use with XML (chapter 4), explains document type definitions (DTDs) and schemas (chapter 5), and covers XSLT stylesheets and XPath (chapter 6). Chapter 7 introduces Unicode, internationalization and language support, including CSS and XSLT encoding. Chapter 8 is an overview of writing software for processing XML, and includes the Perl code for an XML syntax checker. This work is written very accessibly for nonprogrammers. Writers, designers, and students just starting to acquire Web technology skills will find Ray's style approachable. Concepts are introduced in a logical flow, and explained clearly. Code samples (130+), illustrations and screen shots (50+), and numerous tables are distributed throughout the text. Ray uses a modified DocBook DTD and a checkbook example throughout, introducing concepts in early chapters and adding new concepts to them. Readers become familiar with the code and its evolution through repeated exposure. The code for converting the "barebones DocBook" DTD (10 pages of code) to HTML via XSLT stylesheet occupies 19 pages. Both code examples allow the learner to sec an accumulation of snippets incorporated into a sensible whole. While experienced programmers might not need this type of support, nonprogrammers certainly do. Using the checkbook example is an inspired choice: Most of us are familiar with personal checking, even if few of us world build an XML application for it. Learning XML is an excellent textbook. I've used it for several years as a recommended text for adult continuing education courses and workshops."
  6. ¬The ABCs of XML : the librarian's guide to the eXtensible Markup Language (2000) 0.01 
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    Footnote
    Rez. in: JASIST 55(2004) no.14, S.1304-1305 (Z. Holbrooks):"The eXtensible Markup Language (XML) and its family of enabling technologies (XPath, XPointer, XLink, XSLT, et al.) were the new "new thing" only a couple of years ago. Happily, XML is now a W3C standard, and its enabling technologies are rapidly proliferating and maturing. Together, they are changing the way data is handled an the Web, how legacy data is accessed and leveraged in corporate archives, and offering the Semantic Web community a powerful toolset. Library and information professionals need a basic understanding of what XML is, and what its impacts will be an the library community as content vendors and publishers convert to the new standards. Norman Desmarais aims to provide librarians with an overview of XML and some potential library applications. The ABCs of XML contains the useful basic information that most general XML works cover. It is addressed to librarians, as evidenced by the occasional reference to periodical vendors, MARC, and OPACs. However, librarians without SGML, HTML, database, or programming experience may find the work daunting. The snippets of code-most incomplete and unattended by screenshots to illustrate the result of the code's execution-obscure more often than they enlighten. A single code sample (p. 91, a book purchase order) is immediately recognizable and sensible. There are no figures, illustrations, or screenshots. Subsection headings are used conservatively. Readers are confronted with page after page of unbroken technical text, and occasionally oddly formatted text (in some of the code samples). The author concentrates an commercial products and projects. Library and agency initiatives-for example, the National Institutes of Health HL-7 and U.S. Department of Education's GEM project-are notable for their absence. The Library of Congress USMARC to SGML effort is discussed in chapter 1, which covers the relationship of XML to its parent SGML, the XML processor, and data type definitions, using MARC as its illustrative example. Chapter 3 addresses the stylesheet options for XML, including DSSSL, CSS, and XSL. The Document Style Semantics and Specification Language (DSSSL) was created for use with SGML, and pruned into DSSSL-Lite and further (DSSSL-online). Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) were created for use with HTML. Extensible Style Language (XSL) is a further revision (and extension) of DSSSL-o specifically for use with XML. Discussion of aural stylesheets and Synchronized Multimedia Integration Language (SMIL) round out the chapter.
    Chapter 4 introduces XML internal and external pointing and linking technologies. XML Link Language (XLL, now XLink) provides unidirectional, multi-ended, and typed linking. XPointer, used with XLink, provides addressing into the interior of XML documents. XPath operates an the logical structure of an XML document, creating a tree of nodes. Used with both XPointer and XSLT, it permits operations an strings, numbers, and Boolean expressions in the document. The final chapter, "Getting Started" argues for the adoption of a tool for XML production. The features and functionality of various tools for content development, application development, databases, and schema development provide an introduction to some of the available options. Roy Tennant is weIl known in the library community as an author (bis column "Digital Libraries" has appeared in Library Journal since 1997 and he has published Current Cites each month for more than a decade), an electronic discussion list manager (Web4Lib and XML4Lib), and as the creator and manager of UC/Berkeley's Digital Library SunSITE. Librarians have wondered what use they might make of XML since its beginnings. Tennant suggests one answer: "The Extensible Markup Language (XML) has the potential to exceed the impact of MARC an librarianship. While MARC is limited to bibliographic descriptionand arguably a subset at that, as any archivist will tell you-XML provides a highly-effective framework for encoding anything from a bibliographic record for a book to the book itself." (Tennant, p. vii) This slim paperback volume offers librarians and library managers concerned with automation projects "show and teIl" examples of XML technologies used as solutions to everyday tasks and challenges. What distinguishes this work is the editor and contributors' commitment to providing messy details. This book's target audience is technically savvy. While not a "cookbook" per se, the information provided an each project serves as a draft blueprint complete with acronyms and jargon. The inclusion of "lessons learned" (including failures as well as successes) is refreshing and commendable. Experienced IT and automation project veterans will appreciate the technical specifics more fully than the general reader.
    Tennant's collection covers a variety of well- and lesser-known XML-based pilot and prototype projects undertaken by libraries around the world. Some of the projects included are: Stanford's XMLMARC conversion, Oregon State's use of XML in interlibrary loaning, e-books (California Digital Library) and electronic scholarly publishing (University of Michigan), the Washington Research Library Consortium's XML-based Web Services, and using TEI Lite to support indexing (Halton Hills Public Library). Of the 13 projects presented, nine are sited in academe, three are state library endeavors, and one is an American public library initiative. The projects are gathered into sections grouped by seven library applications: the use of XML in library catalog records, interlibrary loan, cataloging and indexing, collection building, databases, data migration, and systems interoperability. Each project is introduced with a few paragraphs of background information. The project reports-averaging about 13 pages each-include project goals and justification, project description, challenges and lessons learned (successes and failures), future plans, implications of the work, contact information for individual(s) responsible for the project, and relevant Web links and resources. The clear strengths of this collection are in the details and the consistency of presentation. The concise project write-ups flow well and encourage interested readers to follow-up via personal contacts and URLs. The sole weakness is the price. XML in Libraries will excite and inspire institutions and organizations with technically adept staff resources and visionary leaders. Erik Ray has written a how-to book. Unlike most, Learning XML is not aimed at the professional programming community. The intended audience is readers familiar with a structured markup (HTML, TEX, etc.) and Web concepts (hypertext links, data representation). In the first six chapters, Ray introduces XMUs main concepts and tools for writing, viewing, testing, and transforming XML (chapter 1), describes basic syntax (chapter 2), discusses linking with XLink and XPointer (chapter 3), introduces Cascading Style Sheets for use with XML (chapter 4), explains document type definitions (DTDs) and schemas (chapter 5), and covers XSLT stylesheets and XPath (chapter 6). Chapter 7 introduces Unicode, internationalization and language support, including CSS and XSLT encoding. Chapter 8 is an overview of writing software for processing XML, and includes the Perl code for an XML syntax checker. This work is written very accessibly for nonprogrammers. Writers, designers, and students just starting to acquire Web technology skills will find Ray's style approachable. Concepts are introduced in a logical flow, and explained clearly. Code samples (130+), illustrations and screen shots (50+), and numerous tables are distributed throughout the text. Ray uses a modified DocBook DTD and a checkbook example throughout, introducing concepts in early chapters and adding new concepts to them. Readers become familiar with the code and its evolution through repeated exposure. The code for converting the "barebones DocBook" DTD (10 pages of code) to HTML via XSLT stylesheet occupies 19 pages. Both code examples allow the learner to sec an accumulation of snippets incorporated into a sensible whole. While experienced programmers might not need this type of support, nonprogrammers certainly do. Using the checkbook example is an inspired choice: Most of us are familiar with personal checking, even if few of us world build an XML application for it. Learning XML is an excellent textbook. I've used it for several years as a recommended text for adult continuing education courses and workshops."
  7. Miller, D.R.; Clarke, K.S.: Putting XML to work in the library : tools for improving access and management (2004) 0.00 
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    Abstract
    The authors, hoping to stimulate interest in XML (Extensible Markup Language) and explain its value to the library community, offer a fine introduction to the topic. The opening chapter defines XML as "a system for electronically tagging or marking up documents in order to label, organize, and categorize their content" and then goes on to describe its origins and fundamental building blocks. Subsequent chapters address related technologies, schema development, XML-based tools, and current and future library uses. The authors argue persuasively for increased XML use, emphasizing its advantages over HTML in flexibility, interoperability, extensibility, and internationalization. Information is detailed, deftly written, and supported by numerous examples. Readers without a technological bent may find the text daunting, but their perseverance will be richly rewarded. Particularly recommended for webmasters and those working in library information systems and technical services.
  8. Erbarth, M.: Wissensrepräsentation mit semantischen Netzen : Grundlagen mit einem Anwendungsbeispiel für das Multi-Channel-Publishing (2006) 0.00 
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    Abstract
    "Wir ertrinken in Informationen, aber uns dürstet nach Wissen." Trendforscher John Naisbitt drückt hiermit aus, dass es dem Menschen heute nicht mehr möglich ist die Informationsflut, die sich über ihn ergießt, effizient zu verwerten. Er lebt in einer globalisierten Welt mit einem vielfältigen Angebot an Medien, wie Presse, Radio, Fernsehen und dem Internet. Die Problematik der mangelnden Auswertbarkeit von großen Informationsmengen ist dabei vor allem im Internet akut. Die Quantität, Verbreitung, Aktualität und Verfügbarkeit sind die großen Vorteile des World Wide Web (WWW). Die Probleme liegen in der Qualität und Dichte der Informationen. Das Information Retrieval muss effizienter gestaltet werden, um den wirtschaftlichen und kulturellen Nutzen einer vernetzten Welt zu erhalten.Matthias Erbarth beleuchtet zunächst genau diesen Themenkomplex, um im Anschluss ein Format für elektronische Dokumente, insbesondere kommerzielle Publikationen, zu entwickeln. Dieses Anwendungsbeispiel stellt eine semantische Inhaltsbeschreibung mit Metadaten mittels XML vor, wobei durch Nutzung von Verweisen und Auswertung von Zusammenhängen insbesondere eine netzförmige Darstellung berücksichtigt wird.

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