Search (30 results, page 2 of 2)

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Abstract

Reports investigations into the feasibility and reliability of calculating impact factors for web sites, called Web Impact Factors (Web-IF). analyzes a selection of 7 small and medium scale national and 4 large web domains as well as 6 institutional web sites over a series of snapshots taken of the web during a month. Describes the data isolation and calculation methods and discusses the tests. The results thus far demonstrate that Web-IFs are calculable with high confidence for national and sector domains whilst institutional Web-IFs should be approached with caution

Source

Journal of documentation. 54(1998) no.2, S.236-243

Type

a

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Abstract

The objective of this paper is to amalgamate theories of text retrieval from various research traditions into a cognitive theory for information retrieval interaction. Set in a cognitive framework, the paper outlines the concept of polyrepresentation applied to both the user's cognitive space and the information space of IR systems. The concept seeks to represent the current user's information need, problem state, and domain work task or interest in a structure of causality. Further, it implies that we should apply different methods of representation and a variety of IR techniques of different cognitive and functional origin simultaneously to each semantic full-text entity in the information space. The cognitive differences imply that by applying cognitive overlaps of information objects, originating from different interprestations of such objects through time and by type, the degree of uncertainty inherent in IR is decreased. ... The lack of consistency among authors, indexers, evaluators or users is of an identical cognitive nature. It is unavoidable, and indeed favourable to IR. In particular, for full-text retrieval, alternative semantic entities, including Salton 'et al.'s' 'passage retrieval', are proposed to replace the traditional document record as the basic retrieval entity. These empirically observed phenomena of inconsistency and of semantic entities and values associated with data interpretation support strongly a cognitive approach to IR and the logical use of olypresentation, cognitive overlaps, and both data fusion and data diffusion

Source

Journal of documentation. 52(1996) no.1, S.3-50

Type

a

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Abstract

This paper provides an over-view of 2, complementary approaches to the design and implementation of information retrieval systems. The first approach focuses on the algorithms and data structures that are needed to maximise the effectiveness and the efficiency of the searches that can be carried out on text databases, while the second adopts a cognitive approach that focuses on the role of the user and of the knowledge sources involved in information retrieval. The paper argues for an holistic view of information retrieval that is capable of encompassing both of these approaches

Source

Libri. 45(1995) nos.3/4, S.160-177

Type

a

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Abstract

Introduces the application of informetric methods to the WWW, called Webometrics. A case study, in which the Danish proportion of the WWW is compared to those of other Nordic countries, presents a workable methods for general informetrc analyses of the WWW. The methodological approach is comparable with common bibliometric analyses of the ISI databases. Among other results the analyses demonstrate that Denmark would seem to fail seriously behind the other Nordic countries with respect to visibility on the Net and compared to its position in scientific databases

Source

Journal of documentation. 53(1997) no.4, S.404-426

Type

a

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Abstract

The paper presents the principles underlying the cognitive framework for Information Retrieval (IR). It introduces the concept of polyrepresentation applied simultaneously to the user's cognitive space and the information space of IR systems. The concept seeks to represent the current user's information need, problem state, and domain work task or interest in a structure of causality. Further, it suggests to apply different methods of representation and a variety of IR techniques of 'different cognitive and functional origin' simultaneously to each information object in the information space. The cognitive differences between such representations imply that by applying 'cognitive retrieval overlaps' of information objects, originating from different interpretations of such objects over time and by type, the degree of uncertainty inherent in IR is decreased and the intellectual access possibilities are increased. One consequence of the framework is its capability to elucidate the seemingly dubious assumptions underlying the predominant algorithmic retrieval models, such as, the vector space and probabilistic models

Pages

S.65-78

Type

a

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Abstract

Reports experimental results concerning user interaction with document organisation, user-librarian negotiation and the librarian's search process in public libraries. The focus of the investigations is on the cognitive aspects of information retrieval. Discusses the cognitive viewpoint on which the research is based, outlining applicable findings and theories within the fields of cognitive science and cognitive psychology. It is shown how the user's knowledge structure cope with the structures of the system. User needs seem often to be presented as a label which may create ambiguity problems. Functions of open and closed questions are investigated and certain behaviouristic factors discussed. Librarians prefer search activity before consideration of the presented problem. Without a user present the librarian's information retrieval process is determined by 3 search attitudes involving motives and expectations as to search routines and possibilities. Conceptual knowledge, previous search and working domain play important roles. The attitudes have consequences for the objectives concerning use of routines and for the use of search concepts

Source

Journal of documentation. 38(1982) no.3, S.165-191

Type

a

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Abstract

This paper analyzes the conceptual background of the two-year MSC programme in Information Science and Management offered by the Royal School of Librarianship, Denmark, on top of the traditional course in Librarianship. The present state of library and information science (LIS) education is briefly analysed. Within this context, the programme structure and contents are outlined. The conception of information science which forms the background and framework for the programme structure is analysed and discussed. This conception of LIS emphasises a more profound human-driven approach to the domains of the discipline, and views information, technology, people, and the management aspects involved from a global perspective. The anticipated epistemological consequences of the human dimension are challenged. The major experiences gained from developing the Master's programme are analysed and the current syllabus described

Source

Journal of information science. 20(1994) no.3, S.197-208

Type

a

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Abstract

The principle of polyrepresentation offers a theoretical framework for handling multiple contexts in information retrieval (IR). This paper presents an empirical laboratory study of polyrepresentation in restricted mode of the information space with focus on inter and intra-document features. The Cystic Fibrosis test collection indexed in the best match system InQuery constitutes the experimental setting. Overlaps between five functionally and/or cognitively different document representations are identified. Supporting the principle of polyrepresentation, results show that in general overlaps generated by three or four representations of different nature have higher precision than those generated from two representations or the single fields. This result pertains to both structured and unstructured query mode in best match retrieval, however, with the latter query mode demonstrating higher performance. The retrieval overlaps containing search keys from the bibliographic references provide the best retrieval performance and minor MeSH terms the worst. It is concluded that a highly structured query language is necessary when implementing the principle of polyrepresentation in a best match IR system because the principle is inherently Boolean. Finally a re-ranking test shows promising results when search results are re-ranked according to precision obtained in the overlaps whilst re-ranking by citations seems less useful when integrated into polyrepresentative applications.

Source

Information processing and management. 44(2008) no.5, S.1673-1683

Type

a

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Source

Libri. 42(1992) no.3, S.184-201

Type

a

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Abstract

Because of the increasing presence of scientific publications an the Web, combined with the existing difficulties in easily verifying and retrieving these publications, research an techniques and methods for retrieval of scientific Web publications is called for. In this article, we report an the initial steps taken toward the construction of a test collection of scientific Web publications within the subject domain of plant biology. The steps reported are those of data gathering and data analysis aiming at identifying characteristics of scientific Web publications. The data used in this article were generated based an specifically selected domain topics that are searched for in three publicly accessible search engines (Google, AlITheWeb, and AItaVista). A sample of the retrieved hits was analyzed with regard to how various publication attributes correlated with the scientific quality of the content and whether this information could be employed to harvest, filter, and rank Web publications. The attributes analyzed were inlinks, outlinks, bibliographic references, file format, language, search engine overlap, structural position (according to site structure), and the occurrence of various types of metadata. As could be expected, the ranked output differs between the three search engines. Apparently, this is caused by differences in ranking algorithms rather than the databases themselves. In fact, because scientific Web content in this subject domain receives few inlinks, both AItaVista and AlITheWeb retrieved a higher degree of accessible scientific content than Google. Because of the search engine cutoffs of accessible URLs, the feasibility of using search engine output for Web content analysis is also discussed.

Source

Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology. 55(2004) no.14, S.1239-1249

Type

a