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Content

"When Randall C. Jimerson, the president of the Society of American Archivists, heard of Google's plan to convert certain holdings at Oxford University and at some of the leading research libraries in the United States into digital files, searchable over the Web, he asked, "What are they thinking?" Mr. Jimerson had worries. Who would select the material? How would it be organized and identified to avoid mountains of excerpts taken out of context? Would Google users eventually forgo the experience of holding a book or looking at a historicaldocument? But in recent interviews, many scholars and librarians applauded the announcement by Google, the operator of the world's most popular Internet search service, to digitize some of the collections at Oxford, the University of Michigan, Stanford University, Harvard and the New York Public Library. The plan, in the words of Paul Duguid, information specialist at the University of California at Berkeley, will "blast wide open" the walls around the libraries of world-class institutions.
David Nasaw, a historian and director of the Center for the Humanities at the City University of New York's Graduate Center, said the ability to use keywords to locate books and documents could save academics traveltime and money and broaden their research. "This all captures people's imagination in a wonderful way," Said Kate Wittenberg, director of the Electronic Publishing Initiative at Columbia University. "But whether it's right or wrong is not the whole question and not the whole answer." This year Ms. Wittenberg's group completed a three-year study of research habits that included 1,233 students. The study concluded that electronic resources had become the main tool for gathering information, particularly among undergraduates. But Ms. Wittenberg does have concerns. "What I've learned is that libraries help people formulate questions as well as find answers," Ms. Wittenberg said. "Who will do that in a virtual world?" On the other hand, she Said, an enhanced databank could make it easier for students to research topics across disciplines. For example, a topic like "climate change" touches an both political science and science, she Said, and "in the physical world, the books about them are in two different buildings at Columbia." Online research could bring the two subjects together instantly. Robert Darnton, a professor of history at Princeton who is writing a book about the history of books, noted that by looking at a book's binding and paper quality, a researcher can discern much about the period in which it was published, the publisher and the intended audience.
"There may be some false consciousnesses about this breakthrough, that all learning will be at our fingertips," Mr. Darnton said of the plans to enhance Google's database. He saw room for both Google and real-world research. Libraries have already been changed by the Internet, said Paul LeClerc, president and chief executive of the New York Public Library: But libraries will still be needed to coliect and store information, he said. "TV did replace radio," Mr. LeCIerc said. "Videos and DVD's did not replace people going to the movies. It's still easier to read a book by hand than online." "The New-York Public Library Web site gets three-fourths of a billion hits a year from 200 different countries and territories, and that's with no marketing or advertising," he said. "That's the context in which this new element has to be placed." "We had 13 million reader visits last year," he continued. "We're serving a multiplicity of audiences - we serve people physically and virtually. It's an enormous contribution to human intellectual development." Many university leaders realize that for most people, information does not exist unless it is online, said Paul Courant, provost and executive vice president for academic affairs at the University of Michigan. Mr. Courant envisioned that in 20 years archives would be shared by institutions. While the world needs "tens of thousands of copies of 'To the Lighthouse,"' he said, "we don't need to have a zillion copies of some arcane monograph written by a sociologist in 1951."

Footnote

Beilage zur Süddeutschen Zeitung. - Vgl. auch die Notiz in: CD Info 2005, H.2, S.14: "Digitale Bibliotheken mit Google"

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Content

Vgl. Hinweis in: Online-Mitteilungen 2007, Nr.91 [=Mitt. VOEB 60(2007) H.3], S.15: "Auf der Tagung "Herausforderung: Digitale Langzeitarchivierung - Strategien und Praxis europäischer Kooperation" welche vom 20. bis 21. April 2007 in der Deutschen Nationalbibliothek (Frankfurt am Main) stattfand, befassten sich die einzelnen Referentinnen nicht nur mit der Bewahrung des Kulturgutes, sondern u.a. auch mit der "Aufzeichnung der Welten". Wie man diese "Weltaufzeichnung" in Anbetracht der Fülle und stetigen Zunahme an Informationen zukünftig (noch) besser bewältigen kann, thematisierte Kim H. Veltman in seinem Vortrag. Er präsentierte dazu vier äußerst denkwürdige Ansätze: - Schaffung einerzentralen europäischen Instanz, welche die Gedächtnisinstitutionen über die neusten technologischen Entwicklungen informiert - Errichtung eines digitalen Referenzraums und einer virtuellen Agora innerhalb der Europäischen Digitalen Bibliothek - Gründung eines Instituts zur Wissensorganisation - Erforschen der Anforderungen für eine "Universal Digital Library"."

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Abstract

Mankind has seen 4 major information revolutions: speech, writing, printing and information technologiy (IT). Outlines the characteristics of the IT revolution and presents 2 conceptual models, the connectivity network model, and the information superstructure model. Discusses the impact of the IT information revolution of the public library of the future. The focus of the library as warehouse will change to one where the information, not the source of the information, will form one hub of the information superstructure, and the individual customer, not a class or group of customers, will form the other. Describes the operation of the BT Information Resource Centre which acts as an information gateway serving individual user information needs. If UK public libraries do not move towards this new model they face the danger of increasing marginalization

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Abstract

A synthesis of some of the themes and ideas developed in a recently published book about the future of information: i in the sky: visions of the information future. Common themes included: problems in defining information and defining future time-scales, the ubiquity of information, accessibility, privacy censorship and control, customisation ofinformation products, the development of the World Wide Web, artificial intelligence and cybernetics, changes in working roles and structures of organisations, information literacy, information overload and the organisation and retrieval of information.

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Abstract

Although the 'information poor' are already present, the arrival of a much greater gap between the 'information poor' and 'information rich' is forecast in the book: Sovereign individual, by J.D. Davidson and W. Rees-Mogg. Concludes that, if the events forecast in the book come about, there will not be an information society but an unacceptable society

Source

Journal of information science. 24(1998) no.1, S.56-58

Theme

Information

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Abstract

Reviews the contemporary information revolution and explores its impact upon libraries

Source

Resource sharing and information networks. 10(1995) nos.1/2, S.1-20

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Abstract

State of the art review of the trend towards library and information science professionals becoming deeply involved in the process of knowledge engineering: knowledge engineers being those who build expert systems, or knowledge based systems that emulate the performance of human experts in particular tasks or domains. Shows how library and information science professionals have fared as knowledge engineers and how their involvement relates to the perception of library and information science professionals as knowledge engineers. Discusses the tools and techniques of knowledge engineering as they have been applied to the library and information science domain, and looks at the involvement of library and information science professionals in knowledge engineering outside library and information science

Imprint

Medford, NJ : Learned Information Inc.

Source

Annual review of information science and technology. 29(1994), S.305-350

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Abstract

Digital information and the increasing amount and availability of its basis, data, is changing scholarship to a more or less dramatic extent. New areas of research and knowledge have been created by machine-produced data, calculations, and simulations in various academic disciplines. However, no adequate infrastructure for digital information has emerged yet. Whereas in the field of scientific information providers (libraries, document centers, publishers etc.) new services, arrangements and business models are being experimented, the scholarly disciplines are, by and large, lagging behind these developments, as are most scientific work practices. To sum up: An information infrastructure of scholarly information has been developed, but not one for scholarly information, yet. What this means, and some ideas of what could be done about it, shall be discussed in the talk.

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Abstract

Presents the views of 9 Europena information specialists on whether there will still be librarians in the year 2024 and, if so, what they will be doing

Source

Information world review. 1994, no.95, September, S.28-29

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Theme

Information

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Source

Encyclopedia of library and information science. Vol.59, [=Suppl.22]

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Abstract

Defines digital libraries and discusses the effects of new technology on librarians. Examines the different viewpoints of librarians and information technologists on digital libraries. Describes the development of a digital library at the National Drug Intelligence Center, USA, which was carried out in collaboration with information technology experts. The system is based on Web enabled search technology to find information, data visualization and data mining to visualize it and use of SGML as an information standard to store it

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Abstract

Information tends to define community. Garfield reminisces about the reprint-sharing culture of science in the 1950s, and anticipates the digital full-text documents of the future.

Footnote

Beitrag eines Themenheftes: Still the Frontier: Information Science at the Millenium

Source

Journal of the American Society for Information Science and technology. 52(2001) no.1, S.18-21

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Abstract

As libraries become repositories of computerized information, they follow the modern drift toward the quantification and, hence, the dehumanizing of knowledge and education. Because the computer excels at collecting, organizing, and 'accessing' facts and data, its devotees may be promoting artificial intelligence at the expense of human understanding

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Abstract

Discusses the likely future influence on the library environment of the growing dominance in society of digitized information delivered over electronic networks

Source

Resource sharing and information networks. 10(1995) nos.1/2, S.21-32

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Abstract

A Times newspaper journalist counters the popular claim that electronic media, ranging from television broadcasting to CD-ROM books and information services over the Internet and WWW, will eventually supplant conventional printed books, periodicals, newspapers and other similar materials

Source

Journal of information science. 21(1995) no.6, S.407-412

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Abstract

In the monastic library of the Middle Ages, the librarian was essentially a curator, a preserver of collections. For most of history libarians were little more than custodians. The idea of a librarian as a provider of services rather than a collector or preserver of materials, did not emerge until late in the 19th century. Computer and telecommunications technologies have revolutionized the library and greatly expanded the horizons of the librarian. Discusses the ways in which technology has affected the library profession and discusses the role of the librarian in the future. The librarian will increasingly become an information intermediary or information consultant and some will be knowledge engineers involved in the design and construction of information systems and in electronic publishing

Source

Journal of information; communication; and library science. 1(1995) no.4, S.3-8

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Source

Information society: new media, ethics and postmodernism. Ed. K.S. Gill

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Imprint

Medford, NJ : Information Today

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Abstract

This is a speculative paper in which the requirements of IR systems to support relatively creative, as well as more convergent thinking are discussed. The nature of creative thinking is explored, as is the extent to which a range of current information systems is able to support key intellectual processes associated with it. The development of IR systems capable of providing more direct support for creative thinking will depend on the greater integration of high order knowledge representations and flexible, fuzzy pattern-matching techniques. Such developments may enhance the ability of information seekers to place before themselves a range of information sufficiently - but not excessively - rich in diversity to facilitate the development of relatively divergent - as well as more convergent - ideas.