Search (22 results, page 1 of 2)

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Abstract

In the short term, technological advances will not solve the problems of information saturation and electronic gridlock on the Internet. Advocates interface design techniques as the only effective means of addressing the usability problems that frustrate interaction with Internet resources. Collaborative approaches to information retrieval, where search engines are augmented by advice from human experts, can reduce the problems of electronic gridlock and information saturation

Footnote

Contribution to a special section devoted to human computer interaction and information retrieval

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Abstract

Präsentation folgender Gestaltungsprinzipien: (1) Help the user develop an understanding of the operation of the interface and the search process; (2) Provide information to help users judge the value of continuing a search path; (3) Assist the user in refining the search query or search topic; (4) Provide verbal labels suggestive of meaning

Source

Bulletin of the American Society for Information Science. 24(1998), April/May, S.17-20

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Abstract

In this paper, we report on the second part of an empirical study designed to observe how users interact with World Wide Web resources. Applying a holistic approach, the researches examine users' cognitive, affective, and physical behaviors during user-Web interaction in order to understand better the nature of information retrieval on the Web, the needs of Web users, and the problem-solving strategies Web users employ. From analyses and the participant verbalizations collected during monitored searches, the researchers developed a taxonomy of problem solving strategies. The coding scheme was developed based on a content analysis of the integrated process data. Information from triangulation follow-up with participants via anonymously completed questionnaires, the taxonomy, and analyses of search transcripts were collected to determine 1) what problems users encountered during the interaction and how users solved these problems; and 2) which problem-solving strategies Web users considered and selected for finding factual information. The focus of the coding was on the participants' cognitive, affective, and physical behaviors in response to the components of the problems encountered, which included problems of the following types: Web interfaces, users' mental models, and the Web information sources. Searching behavior and problem-solving patterns are described and interpreted within the relevant situational context and the problems users encountered are identified and analyzed. Both the problems users faced and their problem-solving approaches endeavored evidence a strong reliance on mental models of the features available on sites, the location of those features, and other interface design concepts

Imprint

Medford, NJ : Information Today

Series

Proceedings of the American Society for Information Science; vol.36

Source

Knowledge: creation, organization and use. Proceedings of the 62nd Annual Meeting of the American Society for Information Science, 31.10.-4.11.1999. Ed.: L. Woods

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Abstract

The advent of the heterogeneous digital library provides the opportunity and establishes the need for the design of new user interfaces. As a single portal to a wide array of information sources, the heterogeneous digital library requires that a variety of cataloging schemas, subject domains, document genres, and institutional biases be accomodated. SenseMaker is a user-centered interface for information exploration in a heterogeneous digital library. It unifies citations and articles from heterogeneous sources by presenting them in a common schema with affordances for quick comparisons of properties. At the same time, SenseMaker users can recover a degree of context by iteratively organizing citations and articles into higher-level bundles based on either metadata or content. Furthermore, SenseMaker enables users to move fluidly from browsing to searching by introducing structure-based searching and structure-based filtering. This paper outlines the SenseMaker interface design and details some of our experimental findings surrounding its use

Source

Journal of the American Society for Information Science. 51(2000) no.3, S.297-310

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Abstract

The Internet gives access for blind and visually impaired users to previously unobtainable information via Braille or speech synthesis interpretation. This paper looks at how three search engines, AltaVista, Yahoo! and Infoseek presented their information to a small group of visually impaired and blind users and how accessible individual Internet pages are. Two participants had varying levels of partial sight and two Subjects were blind and solely reliant on speech synthesis output. Subjects were asked for feedback on interface design at various stages of their search and any problems they encountered were noted. The barriers to access that were found appear to come about by lack of knowledge and thought by the page designers themselves. An accessible page does not have to be dull. By adhering to simple guidelines, visually impaired users would be able to access information more effectively than would otherwise be possible. Visually disabled people would also have the same opportunity to access knowledge as their sighted colleagues.

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Abstract

Describes a WWW based system which allows users to view, search and post geographically indexed information of the Earth. 2 geographic browsers have been developed: a 2D map browser capable of continuous scroll and zoom of an arbitrarily large sheet and a 3D flight-simulator browser capable of continuous flight around the Earth. On the server side, a geographical and geometrical server has been developed which contains large databases of images, elevations, lines, points and polygons stored in tiles structured into hierarchical pyramids or quadtrees. A metadata server has also been developed which contains URL pointers and geographical coordinates of various WWW documents, geographical information and geometrical models

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Abstract

This paper presents a novel user interface that provides global visualizations of large document sets in order to help users to formulate the query that corresponds to their information needs and to access the corresponding documents. An important element of the approach we introduce is the use of concept hierarchies (CHs) in order to structure the document collection. Each CH corresponds to a facet of the documents users can be interested in. Users browse these CHs in order to specify and refine their information needs. Additionally the interface is based an OLAP principles and multidimensional analysis operators are provided to users in order to allow them to explore a document collection.

Source

Journal of the American Society for Information Science and technology. 54(2003) no.7, S.650-659

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Abstract

Digital libraries need to facilitate the use of digital information in a variety of settings. One approach to making information useful is to enable its application to situations unanticipated by the original author. Walden's Path is designed to enable authors to collect, organize, and annotate information from on-line collections for presentaion to their readers. Experiences with the use of Walden's Paths in high-school classrooms have identified 4 needs/issues: (1) better support for the gradual authoring of paths by teachers, (2) support for student authoring of paths including the ability for students to collaborate on paths, (3) more obvious distinction between content of the original source materials and that added by the path author, and (4) support for maintaining paths over an evolving set of source documents. These observed needs have driven the development of new versions of Walden's Paths. Additionally, the experiences with path authoring have led to a conceptualization of metadocuments, documents whose components include complete documents, as a general domain where issues of collaboration, intellectual property, and maintenance are decidedly different form traditional document publication

Source

Journal of the American Society for Information Science. 51(2000) no.3, S.260-272

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Abstract

The web has brought to the business world an inexpensive way of distributing corporate information to employees, business partners and customers. The term intranet describes a closed computer network built upon World Wide Web technology in which access is restricted to a particular group of users, typically employees of a company. The term extranet is used when access is extended to a privileged user group: customers and suppliers for example. This paper examines the role of the World Wide Web in the Research Library at Scottish Media Newspapers, in particular how it complements the portfolio of traditional online sources, CD Roms and books. It also describes the extent to which searching has moved from the intermediary to the end user. In the mid 1990s, just as the web was beginning its spectacular rise to fame, Scottish Media Newspapers developed a browser-based interface to the in-house database of newspaper stories, a process that led to the creation of a corporate intranet. The creation of the intranet has been accompanied by a redefining of staff roles in an attempt to change the image from passive librarian to dynamic research specialist. The paper concludes by examining the role of the information professional/librarian in a world where end users will have a vast range of information from internal and external sources at their fingertips.

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Abstract

Die meisten Web-Auftritte der Hosts waren bisher für den Retrieval-Laien gedacht. Im Hintergrund steht dabei das Ziel: mehr Nutzung durch einfacheres Retrieval. Dieser Ansatz steht aber im Konflikt mit der wachsenden Datenmenge und Dokumentgröße, die eigentlich ein immer ausgefeilteres Retrieval verlangen. Häufig wird von Information Professionals die Kritik geäußert, dass die Webanwendungen einen Verlust an Relevanz bringen. Wie weit der Nutzer tatsächlich einen Kompromiss zwischen Relevanz und Vollständigkeit eingehen muss, soll in diesem Beitrag anhand verschiedener Host-Rechner quantifiziert werden

Source

Information Research & Content Management: Orientierung, Ordnung und Organisation im Wissensmarkt; 23. DGI-Online-Tagung der DGI und 53. Jahrestagung der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Informationswissenschaft und Informationspraxis e.V. DGI, Frankfurt am Main, 8.-10.5.2001. Proceedings. Hrsg.: R. Schmidt

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Abstract

The growth of medical, academic resources on the World Wide Web has led to much greater incentives and opportunities for nursing and medical students, researchers and practitioners to access Web resources. However, usersindividual differences and the variety of information-retrieval mechanisms provided by medical web resources may combine to reduce the benefits of this information resource. In a study designed to qualitatively analyse the interaction of such individual- and system-differences, a reliable method of representing WWW navigational data was found to be important in assisting traditional methodologies of representation and analysis. The methodology of graphically representing such navigational data, and the support such a technique may offer the qualitative analysis of user-system interactions, is thus described in detail and with reference to one specific example drawn from the data collected. Further, some preliminary findings deriving from the use of graphical and more traditional methodologies in this study are also represented

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Abstract

Despite development of the WWW searchers still experience difficulties following links between sites and cannot be sure that a site contains the required information. 3 software programs developed to guide users through the maze of hyperlinks are: Dynamic diagrams, the Hyperbolic tree, and the Brain. in contrast to the other programs which operate on webservers and display hyperlinks in diagrammatic form the Brain is installed on individual PCs and can be customised to meet users' requirements

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Abstract

Der folgende Artikel möchte Erstellem von bibliothekarischen Web-Sites Hilfestellungen geben. Er basiert auf der wissenschaftlichen und praktischen Auseinandersetzung des Autors mit dem Thema Web-Design und resultiert aus einer Anregung der "Kommission für Benutzung und Information" des EDBI im Rahmen eines Round Tables über bibliothekarische Websites. Ausführlichere und detaillierte Informationen über das Design von Web-Sites sind in Publikationen, u.a. des Autors, in der Literaturliste zu finden.

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Source

Information - Wissenschaft und Praxis. 54(2003) H.7, S.401-404

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Source

Information technology and libraries. 16(1997) no.4, S.175-181

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Abstract

Reports results of an evaluation study of 3 WWW based prototypes for bibliographic displays developed as part of an ongoing research project at the Faculty of Information Studies, Toronto University. The development of these prototypes builds upon results obtained in earlier phases of the project that addressed issues of both the content and form of bibliographic displays in OPACs. Anticipation of continued growth in the number of catalogues available through the WWW, combined with research evidence that existing Web based displays have not shown improvement over their text based counterparts, motivated the development of these prototypes for use on the Web. Reports findings from a focus group evaluation of the 3 prototypes and makes suggestions for future research

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Abstract

Describes a novel visual user interface, WebIFQ (Web-In-Frame-Query), to assist users in specifying queries and visualising query criteria including document metadata, strucutres, and linkage information. WebIFQ automatically generates corresponding query statements for WebDB. As a result, users are not required to be aware of underlying complex schema design and language syntax. WebDB supports automated query relaxation to include additional terms related by semantic or co-occurence relationship. WebIFQ can facilitate users to reformulate queries perpetually in an interactive mode

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Abstract

Information professionals have observed that Web-based interfaces simplify database searching and are preferred over other interfaces. A further anecdotal observation is that their features, in comparison to other interfaces, enhance the quality of search sessions, resulting in better outcomes. One explanation is that Web interfaces ease the negative emotive forces searchers experience with other interfaces. This paper examines the challenges in designing a research method to test the validity of these assumptions and observations. Although Web interfaces may provide a more supportive search setting, particularly for less experienced searchers, there is no evidence they contribute to better search outcomes